CSP流程生产低碳高强度汽车板组织性能的研究

研究了珠钢电炉CSP工艺生产低碳高强度钢板的热轧工艺与组织性能之间的关系,通过光学显微镜和力学性能试验等检测分析技术分析了控制轧制和冷却各阶段工艺参数对成品板显微组织和力学性能的影响.研究表明:降低终轧温度和卷取温度可有效细化晶粒,提高钢板的强度;采用适当的控轧控冷工艺制度,可以获得不同强度级别强韧性能良好的热轧低碳高强度汽车用钢板.     

CSP热轧1.0mm超薄规格低碳钢板的组织及性能

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和拉伸实验等方法研究了CSP线轧制工艺与薄规格低碳钢板显微组织、力学性能特征之间的关系.显微组织观察和力学性能实测结果表明:CSP线生产的低碳钢连铸坯铸态组织比较均匀,靠近表面层的枝晶宽度与心部区域差别很小,皆为较细的树枝晶,枝晶宽度在几微米至30μm之间;成品1.0mm低碳钢薄板的组织很细,约为5μm,但轧向与横向组织中的铁素体晶粒形貌和尺寸存在差异;由于晶粒组织细小且钢中有害元素、夹杂物的含量低,故板的强度和延伸率高.     

AlTiC中间合金组织遗传性的研究

详细论述了采用不同铸造工艺制取的相同成分不同组织形貌的AlTiC中间合金。通过对比试验发现,不同组织形貌的AlTiC中间合金细化工业纯铝时具有明显不贩细化效果,AlTiC呈块状分布的AlTiC中间合金细化效果最好,其次是TiAl3呈梅花状和片状分布的AlTiC中间合金。借助金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪手段对其组织进行了分析对比,探讨了组织遗传对细化效果的影响,分析表明：3种AlTiC中间合金的相组织相同,均由αAl基体、TiAl和TiC组成,细化效果的差异由AlTiC中间合金的组织遗传效应造成的。     

不同保护Ar气含量下304不锈钢熔敷组织演变及夹杂物特征分析

为了提高304不锈钢熔敷组织的质量,选择Ar气对实心焊丝提供保护,并试验测试分析了不同保护Ar气含量对304不锈钢熔敷组织及夹杂物性能的影响。研究结果表明:当Ar在保护气内的含量降低后,熔敷层硬度减小,冲击韧性随温度升高呈现先上升后下降的趋势,屈强比先减小后增大。当保护气内存在80%的Ar后,获得了具备优异力学特性的熔敷层。熔敷层组织中存在较多的马氏体组织以及部分条状奥氏体组织,条状马氏体中形成了大量的位错结构。当Ar含量达到96%时,熔敷层生成了许多颗粒以及条形的碳化物,每个柱状晶中都形成了几乎呈平行排列状态的板条块结构。当Ar的含量降低后,夹杂物尺寸与数量都上升。当保护气内的Ar含量达到80%时,在熔敷层内形成了更多的有助于促进铁素体形核的杂质。所有熔敷层内形成的夹杂物都是由氧化物以及部分硫化物构成的夹杂物,靠近中心部位的Al与Ti含量更高。     

变形镁合金晶粒细化及热处理后的组织和性能

通过变形方法细化晶粒提高镁合金塑性.大挤压比(100:1)可获得细晶镁合金挤压薄板,其晶粒尺寸为2.5-12.5μm;大挤压比+轧制确保合金获得平均晶粒尺寸小于5μm的细晶镁合金薄板.通过优化再结晶退火制度使合金具有最佳的组织结构和良好的力学性能.在523K保温20min后细晶(晶粒尺寸小于12.5μm)镁合金板材具有良好的热拉深性能,能成功拉深出质量完好的筒形件,而晶粒尺寸大于25μm,出现不良的热拉深现象.     

06Cr19Ni10不锈钢/A283低碳钢扩散焊接接头的显微组织和力学性能

采用真空扩散焊接对06Cr19Ni10不锈钢和A283低碳钢进行了扩散连接,并对焊接接头的显微组织和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:06Cr19Ni10不锈钢和A283低碳钢扩散焊接接头的抗拉强度和屈服强度随着焊接温度的升高有增大的趋势;当焊接温度为850℃时,焊接接头的断后伸长率和冲击吸收能量达到最大。当Cr23C6析出相的尺寸较大时,将降低扩散焊接接头的韧性,成为导致该焊接接头断裂失效的裂纹源。     

纯铝1A85连续变断面循环挤压过程的组织演变

采用连续变断面循环挤压法对纯铝1A85进行挤压变形,并考察了组织的演变。宏观变形组织显示,晶粒在变形过程中反复拉长、压扁而破碎,逐渐趋于均匀。用TEM分析循环挤压过程中的组织变化特点,铸坯挤压2循环后,平均晶粒尺寸为1.5μm,挤压8循环后,平均晶粒尺寸为750nm。结果表明这一方法能够制备出超细晶材料。     

快速凝固条件下Ni–Pb偏晶合金的组织演变机理研究

目的 研究过冷Ni–0.5%Pb(原子数分数)合金过冷组织的演化行为,阐明其组织演化和晶粒细化的基本机制。方法 采用熔融玻璃净化和循环过热方法制备出过冷度为0~255 K的试样,并结合枝晶生长的动力学–热力学模型,研究其深过冷快速凝固行为机制。结果 在0~255 K过冷度范围内,随着过冷度的增大,Ni–Pb偏晶合金的微观组织发生了2类晶粒细化现象,组织形态由粗大树枝晶向粒状等轴晶转变。结论 第1类粒状晶的形成是由于枝晶熟化和再辉重熔导致发达枝晶破碎,第2类粒状晶的形成是由于在应力和应变能的作用下,枝晶碎变和再结晶引起了晶粒细化。     

变质高锰钢析出相的演变及力学性能的研究

为了有效改善高锰钢的组织和性能,通过变质处理和弥散处理相结合的方法,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、光学显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)及透射电镜(TEM),对稀土-低熔点合金变质高锰钢时效析出相进行研究.结果表明:实验用钢在460℃时效1 h时,基体上开始有球状析出相析出,随着时效时间的延长,析出相由球状向针状转变;520℃时效1 h,晶界上有少量的球状析出相,基体上析出相为细针状;580℃时效1 h,析出相为粗大的针状,且基体发生了奥氏体向珠光体转变.随着时效温度的升高,变质高锰钢时效析出相由球状转变为针状,针状析出相与球状析出相晶体结构不同,针状析出相更加趋于稳定.变质高锰钢的硬度随着析出相增多而升高,(Mn,Fe)7C3细针状析出相在冲击韧性和耐磨性起主导因素,变质高锰钢最佳时效工艺应使耐磨析出相析出,且未引起微观应变增大.本次实验用钢最佳时效工艺参数为520℃下时效1 h.     

Microstructural research on hot strips of low carbon steel produced by a compact strip production line under different thermal histories

Coupons with the same composition and thickness (4.0 mm nominal gauge) obtained from hot strips of low carbon steel underwent a series of investigations to analyze the microstructural characteristics and mechanisms responsible for their differences in mechanical properties. Two different industrial technologies were adopted, although the strips used in this research were produced on the same Compact Strip Production (CSP) line. One of the strips was produced with a routine γ→ CSP thermal history, but the other with a γ→→γ* conventional thermal history. The only difference between them was that one technology had a →γ* thermal history. Different specimens of both types of strips were prepared for metallographic observation, tensile tests, electron back-scattered diffraction tests and positron annihilation technique tests. Experimental results showed that the differences in mechanical properties could be ascribed to dissimilarities not only in the grain size and textural components but also in dislocation density.     

硼对TSCR低碳罩式退火钢板织构的影响

为了研究薄板坯连铸连轧（TSCR-Thin Slab Casting and Rolling）工艺生产条件以及给定化学成分下B对低碳罩式退火钢板织构的影响,对含B和无B退火板进行了X射线织构测试,并对热轧、退火板进行了电解化学相分析.试验结果表明：在AlN含量几乎相等的情况下,退火板中γ纤维织构组分含B钢低于无B钢;含...     

CSP工艺热轧低碳钢板的强化机制

采用金相显微镜、H—800透射电镜和正电子湮没方法分析了CSP热轧低碳钢板金相组织、析出物形貌、尺寸、分布及位错密度。结果表明:CSP工艺热轧低碳钢板的晶粒较为细小,约为5.3μm;当累积变形量较小、变形温度较高时,析出物主要在晶界上,数量少见比较粗大,其尺寸大多大于150nm;当累积变形量较大、变形温度较低时,析出物主要在晶内,细小、弥散且数量较多,其尺寸大多为20～100nm,析出物主要为Al_2O_3、MnS或Cu_7S_4;随着累积变形量的增加,位错密度明显增加,终轧后轧件的位错密度约为6.35×10~(14)m~(-2)。晶粒细化、析出物弥散分布及位错密度增加是CSP工艺热轧低碳钢板强度高的决定因素。     

Flat friction stir spot welding of low carbon steel by double side adjustable tools

2 mm low carbon steel plates were successfully welded by the flat friction stir spot welding(FSSW) using double side adjustable tools, by which the keyhole formed in the conventional FSSW was eliminated and a flat surface on both the top and bottom sides of the welded joints was obtained. In addition, the hook shape usually generated in the conventional FSSW was eliminated by this technique, and the unbonded interface was parallel to the surface of the sheets. Owing to the enlarged bonded interface width by eliminating the keyhole and the intermixed interface by the adjustable probe, the plug fracture occurred under all the welding conditions in the present study. Due to the suppression of the thickness thinning and elimination of the hook shape, the joint performance was improved in the plug fracture mode. The shear tensile performance was considered to strongly depend on the microstructure in the tip area of the unbonded interface and the maximum shear fracture load of 23.0 kN was achieved in this study.     

Nb-V-Ti低碳微合金钢的热变形加工图及其应用

为了优化Nb-V-Ti低碳微合金钢的变形工艺参数,利用Gleeble-1500热/力模拟实验机对其进行了热压缩实验,得到热加工图用于研究热变形行为.研究发现,加工图中存在两个动态再结晶蜂区及失稳区:峰区Ⅰ:峰值对应的变形温度和变形速率分别为1000℃,2 s-1,峰值效率21%;峰区Ⅱ:变形温度1050℃,变形速率0....     

SCP热轧1.0mm超薄规格低碳钢板的组织及性能

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和拉伸实验等方法研究了CSP线轧制工艺与薄规格低碳钢板显微组织、力学性能特征之间的关系。显微组织观察和力学性能实测结果表明：CSP线生产的低碳钢连铸坯铸态组织比较均匀，靠近表面层的枝晶宽度与心部区域差别很小，皆为较细的树枝晶，枝晶宽度在几微米至30μm之间；成品1.0mm低岩石钢玺板的组织很细，约为5μm，但轧向与横向组织中的铁素体晶粒形貌和尺寸存在差异；由于晶粒组织细小且钢中有害元素、夹杂物的含量低，故板的强度和延伸率高。     

Fatigue properties of ultrafine grained low carbon steel produced by equal channel angular pressing

Ultrafine grained low carbon (0.15 wt.% C) steel produced by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) was tested for investigating fatigue properties, including cyclic softening and crack growth rate. Emphasis was placed on investigating the effect of load ratio on the fatigue crack growth rates of ultrafine grained microstructure. The ECAPed steel exhibited cyclic softening. After the first cycle, the tension and compression peak stresses decreased gradually with the number of cycles. Fatigue crack growth resistance and the threshold of ECAPed ultrafine grained steel were lower than that of an as-received coarse grained steel. This was attributed to a less tortuous crack path. The ECAPed steel exhibited slightly higher crack growth rates and a lower ΔK_th with an increase in R ratio. The R ratio effect on growth rates and ΔK_th was basically indistinguishable at a lower load ratio (R>0.3) compared with other alloys, indicating that the contribution of the crack closure vanished. This was explained by the fact that finer grained materials produce a lower opening load P_op due to a relatively less serrated crack path. Consequently, K_min can reach K_op readily with a smaller increment of load ratio. The crack growth rate curve for the ECAPed ultrafine grained steel exhibited a linear extension to the lower growth rate regime than that for the coarse grained as-received steel. This behavior can be explained by a reverse crack tip plastic zone size (r_p) that is always larger than the grain size.     

Microstructural and mechanical characterisation of laser-welded lap joints with linear and circular beads in thin low carbon steel sheets

This paper presents a microstructural and mechanical characterisation of laser-welded lap joints in low carbon steel thin sheets. Different combinations of steel types (DC05, S355MC) and thickness values are used to assemble welded specimens with linear and circular weld bead. Metallurgical observations and micro-hardness tests are used to characterise the weld microstructure. Mechanical response in tensile test is then used to evaluate the static strength, rotation angle of weld bead and failure mode of welded specimens. Lap-joints with circular weld showed a lower rotation angle compared to linear welds. The fracture in all tested specimens occurred at the base metal, far away from the weld. A simplified mechanical model is finally proposed to derive theoretical formulae for estimating the tensile strength of welded joints as a function of material properties and weld geometry. The analytical results are in good agreement with experimental findings and they estimate an increased strength for circular welds, compared to linear weld with same lateral width. A design chart is also derived to allow a design of laser-welded joints with virtually equal strength of base metal and weld zone.     

Effects of bentonite content on the corrosion evolution of low carbon steel in simulated geological disposal environment

The effects of bentonite content on the corrosion behavior of low carbon steel in 5 mM NaHCO3+ 1 mM NaCl + 1 mM Na2SO4 solution were investigated by electrochemical measurements combined with X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). In the initial immersion stage, the cathodic process of low carbon steel corrosion was dominated by the reduction of dissolved oxygen, while it transformed to the reduction of ferric corrosion products with the immersion time. The presence of bentonite colloids could suppress the cathodic reduction of oxygen due to their barrier effect on the diffusion of oxygen. However, the barrier performance of bentonite layer was gradually deteriorated due to the coagulation and separation of bentonite colloids caused by the charge neutralization of iron corrosion products dissolved from the steel substrate. More bentonite colloids could maintain the barrier effect for a long time before it was deteriorated by the accumulation of corrosion products. Conversely,it could lose the performance completely, and the corrosion behavior of low carbon steel reverted to the same as that in the blank solution.