9F级余热锅炉充氮保养及经济性分析

本文阐明了对9F级燃机余热锅炉系统整体保养方式及经济性分析,提出在联合循环机组中可行的保养方案,为类似机组长期停运保养提供借鉴,提高了机组运行后的安全等级。     

600MW机组锅炉停炉保养技术分析与优化

基于优化火电厂锅炉停炉保养过程目的,对600 MW燃煤机组停炉保养期间锅炉系统腐蚀的原理进行了分析,针对当前火电厂中锅炉频繁起停过程中,停炉保养措施不当导致启机过程换热管中汽水堵塞现象和换热管间温差大的等问题,提出改良措施过后的锅炉带压放水保养操作优化的停炉保养措施,末级过热器横向管壁间最大温差为33.58℃,仅有1处温度85℃,对比优化前末级过热器横向管壁间温差明显变小,确保了下一次启机时,末级过热器横向管壁间温差正常,管内不存在积水的问题。     

热炉放水管内正压吹干锅炉保养法

在锅炉停(备)用期为了防止热力设备在停运期间发生腐蚀,按照有关规定需要进行停炉后的防锈蚀保养.叙述了锅炉停(备)用管内正压吹干防锈保护法的原理和装置基本原理以及管内正压吹干系统的相关内容,从而达到锅炉停(备)用期内防锈保护的目的.     

探讨300 MW锅炉脱硝系统与低氮燃烧器运行与检修维护

文中主要根据具体的设备概况,对300 MW锅炉脱硝系统和低氮燃烧器的运行以及检修展开研究,分析其日常检修与维护模式,意在确保设备的正常稳定运行,减少氮氧化物的排放,希望对相关的工作人员具有一定的借鉴意义.     

350 MW超临界机组锅炉氧化皮防治技术研究

为减少350 MW超临界机组因锅炉氧化皮脱落而引起的堵塞爆管问题,针对某电力公司8台超临界煤粉锅炉的结构型式及运行工况展开调查研究,分析结构设计对锅炉高温受热面蒸汽侧氧化皮的影响,发现烟温偏差的叠加效应是引起高温再热器汽温偏差大和局部氧化皮生成过快的主要原因,针对锅炉高温受热面的SA-213TP347H不锈钢管材的金属壁温适用范围进行对比,确定其最佳金属壁温报警值为600℃;通过对锅炉给水加氧设备进行改造,控制给水含氧量在10~20μg/L范围内,确保高温受热面蒸汽侧含氧量为零。实践证明,采取上述氧化皮防治措施后,锅炉氧化皮堆积数量同比减少85%以上。     

700MW机组检修节能诊断试验分析

通过热力试验确定机组在给定负荷下的运行特性,计算机组大修前后的热耗率等技术指标;对机组主辅机和热力系统的运行经济性能进行大修前后的节能诊断;分析大修前效率低、煤耗高的原因,并进行相应的技术和设备改造,保证大修后机组安全经济运行。     

15MWe PFBC-CC中试机组增压流化床锅炉的设计及试运行结果

对贾汪发电厂的增压流化床锅炉作了简要介绍，包括锅炉的主要设计参数、总体布置型式、负荷调节方式、各主要受热面的结构型式等。对试运行结果进行了指导，主要包括试运行过程中的炉膛温度分布、底渣及飞灰的含碳量、锅炉燃烧效率、脱硫效率及锅炉负荷变化特性等，并与设计参数及理化计算结果进行了比较分析。     

亚临界炉锅水pH降低原因分析及预防对策

通过对某电厂水质事故实例的分析 ,指出锅水pH降低的原因是由于混床树脂泄漏进入主系统造成 ,采用不锈钢梯形绕丝配水装置和负压反冲式树脂捕捉器可以预防这类事故发生。     

660MW超临界机组锅炉折烟角塌渣(焦)问题分析及解决方法

针对660MW超临界机组锅炉出现的锅炉折烟角区域处塌渣(焦)现象,本文从研究折烟角区域处结渣(焦)沉积物的形成及塌落机理的角度出发,分析出现该现象的原因,通过控制锅炉燃煤煤粉细度、机组运行氧量、二次风门等参数给出了具体的优化措施,对于锅炉的安全稳定运行有一定的指导意义。     

阳城电厂7样机组间接空冷塔（600MW）设备与管道施工技术

阳城电厂7#机组空冷塔采用海勒间接空冷技术,叙述了其工艺系统、间接空冷塔安装、机械配备、施工过程管理、系统严密性试验以及质量保证措施。     

600MW汽轮机组再热主汽阀门阀杆的热胀及其影响

针对引进型600 MW汽轮机组再热主汽阀门的运动卡涩问题,利用有限元技术,对其关键装配部件进行了热-结构耦合分析.提出了阀杆的轴向不等齐热胀模型和运动间隙变化模型,通过实测数据及仿真对比验证了模型的合理性.基于ADAMS软件建立了以接触碰撞和磨损为特征的汽轮机再热主汽阀门机构的虚拟样机平台,并系统地研究了阀杆受热膨胀对阀门开关过程动态特性的影响,结果表明:阀门杆的热胀改变了阀杆运动间隙并进而导致阀门开关过程动态特性发生显著变化,这是导致阀门运动卡涩的重要原因之一.笔者还提出了改善阀门开关过程动态特性的建议性措施.     

A new catalyst based on a nickel(II) complex of diiminodiphosphine for hydrogen evolution and oxidation

Based on that hydrogen energy is widely used in fuel cells, we focus our interests on the design and research of new complexes that catalyze the reaction in both directions, such as hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) and hydrogen oxidation reactions (HORs). A highly efficient catalyst for both hydrogen evolution and oxidation, based on a nickel(II) complex, [Ni-en-P₂](ClO₄)₂, has been designed and provided by the reaction of Ni(ClO₄)₂ with N,N′-bis[o-(diphenylphosphino)benzylidene]ethylenediamine (en-P₂) in our group. Its structure has been determined by X-ray diffraction. [Ni-en-P₂](ClO₄)₂ can electro-catalyze hydrogen evolution both from acetic acid and a neutral buffer (pH 7.0) with a turnover frequency (TOF) of 204 and 1327 mol of hydrogen per mole of catalyst per hour (H₂/mol catalyst/h) under an overpotential (OP) of 914.6 mV and 836.6 mV, respectively. [Ni-en-P₂](ClO₄)₂ also can electro-catalyze hydrogen oxidation with a TOF of 111.7 s⁻¹ under an OP of 330 mV. The results can be attributed to that [Ni^II-en-P₂](ClO₄)₂ has three good reversible redox waves at 1.01 (Ni^III/II), −0.79 (Ni^II/I) and −1.38 V (Ni^I/0) versus Fc^+/0, respectively. We hope these findings can afford a new method for the design of electrocatalysts for both H₂ evolution and H₂ oxidation.     

Internalisation of external cost in the power generation sector: Analysis with Global Multi-regional MARKAL model

The Global MARKAL-Model (GMM), a multi-regional “bottom-up” partial equilibrium model of the global energy system with endogenous technological learning, is used to address impacts of internalisation of external costs from power production. This modelling approach imposes additional charges on electricity generation, which reflect the costs of environmental and health damages from local pollutants (SO₂, NO_x) and climate change, wastes, occupational health, risk of accidents, noise and other burdens. Technologies allowing abatement of pollutants emitted from power plants are rapidly introduced into the energy system, for example, desulphurisation, NO_x removal, and CO₂ scrubbers. The modelling results indicate substantial changes in the electricity production system in favour of natural gas combined cycle, nuclear power and renewables induced by internalisation of external costs and also efficiency loss due to the use of scrubbers. Structural changes and fuel switching in the electricity sector result in significant reduction of emissions of both local pollution and CO₂ over the modelled time period. Strong decarbonisation impact of internalising local externalities suggests that ancillary benefits can be expected from policies directly addressing other issues then CO₂ mitigation. Finally, the detailed analysis of the total generation cost of different technologies points out that inclusion of external cost in the price of electricity increases competitiveness of non-fossil generation sources and fossil power plants with emission control.     

The production and application of hydrogen in steel industry

Due to the increasingly serious environmental issues and continuous depletion of fossil resources, the steel industry is facing unprecedented pressure to reduce CO₂ emissions and achieve the sustainable energy development. Hydrogen is considered as the most promising clean energy in the 21st century due to the diverse sources, high calorific value, good thermal conductivity and high reaction rate, making hydrogen have great potential to apply in the steel industry. In this review, different hydrogen production technologies which have potential to provide hydrogen or hydrogen-rich gas for the great demand of steel plants are described. The applications of hydrogen in the blast furnace (BF) production process, direct reduction iron (DRI) process and smelting reduction iron process are summarized. Furthermore, the functions of hydrogen or hydrogen-rich gas as fuels are also discussed. In addition, some suggestions and outlooks are provided for future development of steel industry in China.