137Cs vertical migration and contamination density in the soil of southern transbaikal

The mechanism of vertical migration of radionuclides along the soil profile is studied. For large averaging, the process can be described by the sum of the rates of effective diffusion and vertical advection of a radionuclide. The results of theoretical calculations of the¹³⁷Cs concentration profiles in light and heavy soils for actually observed atmospheric fallout in 1954–1999 are compared with the experimental profiles in mountain frozen-taiga and mountain frozen-forest tundra soils of southern Transbaikal. The rate of vertical migration is estimated and the reasons for the high¹³⁷Cs contamination density of soil in this region are discussed. 4 figures, 27 references. Scientific and Industrial Association “Taifun.” GP “Sosnovgeolservis.” Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 88, No. 3, pp. 207–213, March, 2000.     

Laws of the transformation of the photon angle and energy spectra at the soil surface during vertical migration137Cs and134Cs

IBRAÉ Russian Academy of Sciences. Institute of Radiation Physicochemical Problems, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Belarus. Translated from Atomnaya Énergiya, Vol. 74, No. 3, pp. 230–237, March, 1993.     

<Superscript>137</Superscript>Cs content and vertical migration in littoral soil of two lakes in Bryansk Oblast

The dynamics and present state of the radioactive contamination with ¹³⁷Cs of littoral soil of Lake Kozhanovskoe and Lake Svyatoe on the Besed’ River are presented. The parameters of the vertical migration of ¹³⁷Cs in soil-the rate of directional transfer with soil moisture, the diffusion coefficient, and the average velocity of vertical migration-are estimated by comparing the experimental and model distributions of ¹³⁷Cs content over soil depth. It is shown that at the present time the two 5-cm layer of soil can contain 20–90% ¹³⁷Cs depending on the type of soil and landscape. The average values of the diffusion coefficient, the rate of directional transfer, and the vertical migration velocity for 12-, 13-, and 20-year periods after the Chernobyl accident are 0.1–2.8 cm²/yr, 0.1–0.3 cm/yr, and 0.1–0.8 cm/yr, respectively. __________ Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 102, No. 5, pp. 306–311, May, 2007.     

Determination of the average137Cs contamination density of soil

Scientific and Industrial Association “Taifun.” Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 76, No. 3, pp. 212–217, March, 1994.     

Analysis of soil contamination by137Cs in the USSR in 1988

Translated from Atomnaya Énergiya, Vol. 68, No. 4, pp. 262–264, April, 1990.     

Transformation of the forms of90Sr and137Cs in soil and bottom deposits

A method is proposed for estimating the distribution factors of¹³⁷Cs and⁹⁰Sr in soil and deposits. The method is based on predicting the forms in which these radionuclides occur and estimating the exchange distribution factor. It is shown that fixation of the radionuclides is a reversible process. A model is proposed for the transformation of the chemical forms of¹³⁷Cs and⁹⁰Sr. including leaching from fuel particles, fixation, and remobilization. It is shown that a first-order kinetic model satisfactorily describes the transformation of the forms of⁹⁰Sr as well as¹³⁷Cs for time periods of about one month. For longer periods of time, a diffusion fixation model is best for¹³⁷Cs. Recommendations are made for the key parameters for various types of soils. 1 figure, 2 tables, 11 references. Scientific and Industrial Association “Taifun.” Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 88, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January, 2000.     

Study on accumulation of 137Cs in aquatic organisms

１Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ１３７Ｃｓｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｐｒｉｍａｒｙｆｉｓｉｏｎｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓｄｉｓｃｈａｒｇｅｄｉｎｔｏｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｔｎｕｃｌｅａｒａｃｃｉｄｅｎｔ．Ｂｅｃａｕｓｅｏｆｔｈｅｌｏｎｇｈａｌｆｌｉｆｅｉｔｈａｓａｒｏ...     

云南土壤中137Cs分布规律探讨

对云南省各地土壤中^137Cs的比活度及分布规律进行了调查，讨论了主要的影响因素。     

Computational and experimental justification of a method for determining the137Cs contamination density and depth in soil

Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 78, No. 3, pp. 199–204, March, 1995.