苏木精的应用及测定方法综述

综述了近34年来苏木精在生物医学中的应用,按检测原理分类,对其各种分析策略进行了详细比较和描述。对苏木精研究领域未来所面临的机遇和挑战进行了展望。     

天然染料苏木精用于真丝绸染深色媒染工艺的分析与优化

通过对苏木精染真丝绸时常规媒染工艺的分析,制定了适合苏木精染深色的复合媒染工艺,并进一步优化,设计出更符合环保要求的媒染方法三价铬预媒废水回用法.     

切粒机切割室内件安装对异状切片的影响

介绍了聚酯装置切粒机切割室的工作原理,分析了切粒机切割室内件安装质量对异状切片产生的影响,指出在一定的时间内生产工艺的调整应有一定的计划,避免产生大幅波动及异状切片。     

RNA保护剂对乳腺癌组织DNA及核蛋白丰度和质量的影响

目的探讨RNA保护剂对乳腺癌组织DNA及核蛋白丰度和质量的影响,为深入研究乳腺癌基因转录调控奠定基础。方法将临床摘除的乳腺癌新鲜组织放入RNA保护剂内浸泡过夜后,分别于-20℃保存及-80℃超低温冷冻保存。提取相应的DNA及核蛋白,进行浓度测定,通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测DNA的质量,SDS-PAGE检测核蛋白的质量,并经Bandscan软件分析蛋白质电泳结果。结果经RNA保护剂处理的乳腺癌组织提取的DNA和核蛋白的浓度明显高于-80℃超低温冷冻保存组织提取的DNA和核蛋白浓度,两种保护剂保存的乳腺癌组织提取的DNA浓度差异无显著意义。但RNA保护剂处理组与-80℃超低温冷冻处理组相比,在相对分子质量66200和31000处的蛋白含量有明显差异。结论RNA保护剂对乳腺癌组织的DNA浓度及核蛋白的浓度和质量有明显影响。     

B型活性染料对大豆蛋白质纤维的染色工艺研究

用B-型活性染料对大豆蛋白质纤维进行染色。研究了染色过程中温度、盐类、碱剂、浴比等诸因素对染色效果的影响,优选出最佳方案。研究结果表明:B-型活性染料用于大豆蛋白质纤维染色具有很好的得深性,鲜艳度和染色牢度,是大豆蛋白质纤维染色用的首选染料。     

尼龙6切片质量对纺丝的影响

对国产技术和引进技术生产的两种尼龙 6切片分析表明 :其粘度、含水量、可萃取物含量以及相对分子质量和相对分子质量分布、结晶度等质量指标基本相同 ,但差热分析图谱存在较大的区别 ,国内技术切片只有一个吸热峰 ,而引进技术切片却有两个吸热峰和一个放热峰。两种切片均能高速纺丝 ,但后者在加工性能方面优于前者     

尼龙66切片质量对纺民用丝的影响探讨

通过对尼龙66切片质量包括粘度、含水率、端氨基、杂质的分析,来探讨尼龙66切片作为原料对纺民用丝的影响。     

己内酰胺质量对锦纶DTY染色性能影响的探讨

通过对原料质量、聚合反应过程的分析，提出聚酰胺聚合生产中液体和固体己内酰胺原料互换使用时出现切片黏度、后加工染色变化等问题的解决方案。将聚合釜上部TI131温度升高，减少醋酸加入量，解决了切片后加工染色性能改变的问题。     

精制剂加入顺序对盐水精制质量及消耗的影响

本文通过难溶电解质的溶度积原理,从理论分析出发,并由生产实践中获取数据,阐述了精制剂加入顺序对盐水质量及消耗的影响。     

染色和水洗对导电纤维结构和性能的影响

通过分析染色预处理和面料水洗对导电纤维表面纵向结构和电阻值的影响,最终得出:染色和水洗会使导电纤维表面结构受损,影响导电纤维的导电性能;要满足GB 12014—2009《防静电服》要求,设计产品时要预留足够的损失空间,以保证防静电产品的功能性、安全性指标。     

Local Protein Translation and RNA Processing of Synaptic Proteins in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heritable neurodevelopmental condition associated with impairments in social interaction, communication and repetitive behaviors. While the underlying disease mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated, dysfunction of neuronal plasticity and local translation control have emerged as key points of interest. Translation of mRNAs for critical synaptic proteins are negatively regulated by Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), which is lost in the most common single-gene disorder associated with ASD. Numerous studies have shown that mRNA transport, RNA metabolism, and translation of synaptic proteins are important for neuronal health, synaptic plasticity, and learning and memory. Accordingly, dysfunction of these mechanisms may contribute to the abnormal brain function observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this review, we summarize recent studies about local translation and mRNA processing of synaptic proteins and discuss how perturbations of these processes may be related to the pathophysiology of ASD.     

RNA干扰技术对MCF-7细胞Aurora-A基因表达的影响

目的构建针对Aurora-A基因的特异性小干扰RNA(siRNA)真核表达载体,并探讨其对人乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7中Aurora-A基因表达的抑制作用。方法将具有短发夹结构的2条DNA序列,经退火形成互补双链,再克隆至载体pGCsi-U6/Neo/GFP中,转化大肠杆菌DH5α,提取质粒进行序列测定。并通过脂质体法转染至MCF-7细胞中,48h后观察转染效率,并采用RT-PCR及Westernblot法检测siRNA对MCF-7细胞Aurora-A基因mRNA及蛋白表达的影响。结果测序鉴定证实目的寡核苷酸片段已被克隆至pGCsi-U6/Neo/GFP载体中,Aurora-A-siRNA质粒转染MCF-7细胞48h后转染效率约为60%,与对照组比较,Aurora-A-siRNA质粒转染的细胞Aurora-A基因mRNA和蛋白的表达均明显下降。结论已成功构建了Aurora-A-siRNA真核表达质粒,其能明显抑制MCF-7细胞Aurora-A基因的表达,为进一步研究Aurora-A基因的功能奠定了基础,并可能为肿瘤的生物学治疗提供新的方法。     

Stability of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Frozen Mussel Tissue

The stability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in frozen mussel tissue (stored at -80 °C and -120 °C was assessed by analyzing samples of SRM 1974 and SRM 1974a, Organics in Mussel Tissue (Mytilus edulis), since the initial certification analyses. Results of analyses of SRM 1974 and SRM 1974a after 10 years and 6 years of storage, respectively, indicate that the PAH concentrations have not changed. Comparison of results from the analyses of frozen versus freeze-dried mussel tissue samples indicate significant losses of the more volatile PAH such as naphthalene and methylnaphthalenes during the freeze-drying process.     

Development of Fluorescent Protein Probes Specific for Parallel DNA and RNA G‐Quadruplexes

We have developed fluorescent protein probes specific for parallel G‐quadruplexes by attaching cyan fluorescent protein to the G‐quadruplex‐binding motif of the RNA helicase RHAU. Fluorescent probes containing RHAU peptide fragments of different lengths were constructed, and their binding to G‐quadruplexes was characterized. The selective recognition and discrimination of G‐quadruplex topologies by the fluorescent protein probes was easily detected by the naked eye or by conventional gel imaging.     

Different RNA Elements Control Viral Protein Synthesis in Polerovirus Isolates Evolved in Separate Geographical Regions

Most plant viruses lack the 5′-cap and 3′-poly(A) structures, which are common in their host mRNAs, and are crucial for translation initiation. Thus, alternative translation initiation mechanisms were identified for viral mRNAs, one of these being controlled by an RNA element in their 3′-ends that is able to enhance mRNA cap-independent translation (3′-CITE). The 3′-CITEs are modular and transferable RNA elements. In the case of poleroviruses, the mechanism of translation initiation of their RNAs in the host cell is still unclear; thus, it was studied for one of its members, cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV). We determined that efficient CABYV RNA translation requires the presence of a 3′-CITE in its 3′-UTR. We showed that this 3′-CITE requires the presence of the 5′-UTR in cis for its eIF4E-independent activity. Efficient virus multiplication depended on 3′-CITE activity. In CABYV isolates belonging to the three phylogenetic groups identified so far, the 3′-CITEs differ, and recombination prediction analyses suggest that these 3′-CITEs have been acquired through recombination with an unknown donor. Since these isolates have evolved in different geographical regions, this may suggest that their respective 3′-CITEs are possibly better adapted to each region. We propose that translation of other polerovirus genomes may also be 3′-CITE-dependent.     

An Innovative Approach to Tissue Processing and Cell Sorting of Fixed Cells for Subsequent Single-Cell RNA Sequencing

Although single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is currently the gold standard for the analysis of cell-specific expression profiles, the options for processing, staining, and preserving fresh cells remain very limited. Immediate and correct tissue processing is a critical determinant of scRNA-seq success. One major limitation is the restricted compatibility of fixation approaches, which must not destabilize or alter antibody labeling or RNA content or interfere with cell integrity. An additional limitation is the availability of expensive, high-demand cell-sorting equipment to exclude debris and dead or unwanted cells before proceeding with sample sequencing. The goal of this study was to develop a method that allows cells to be fixed and stored prior to FACS sorting for scRNA-seq without compromising the quality of the results. Finally, the challenge of preserving as many living cells as possible during tissue processing is another crucial issue addressed in this study. Our study focused on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma samples, where the number of live cells is rather limited, as in many other tumor tissues. Harsh tissue dissociation methods and sample preparation for analysis can negatively affect cell viability. Using the murine pancreatic cancer model Pan02, we evaluated the semi-automated mechanical/enzymatic digestion of solid tumors by gentleMACS Dissociator and compared it with mechanical dissociation of the same tissue. Moreover, we investigated a type of cell fixation that is successful in preserving cell RNA integrity yet compatible with FACS and subsequent scRNA-sequencing. Our protocol allows tissue to be dissociated and stained in one day and proceeds to cell sorting and scRNA-seq later, which is a great advantage for processing clinical patient material.