催化剂LRC-99在重油催化裂化装置上的工业应用

介绍了催化剂LRC-99在尼日尔炼厂60万t/a催化裂化(FCC)装置上的工业应用情况。结果表明,在原料油性质及主要操作条件基本相近的条件下,应用催化剂LRC-99后,柴油收率比设计值高出1.84个百分点,比应用前高出2.18个百分点;轻质油收率比设计值高出1.87个百分点,比应用前高出0.32个百分点;总液体收率比设计值高出0.18个百分点,比应用前高出0.39个百分点;同时催化剂单耗比设计值下降1.29个单位,装置能耗则下降了0.9个单位。     

CS-Ⅱ型重油催化裂化进料喷嘴的工业应用

沈阳石蜡化工有限公司450kt／a催化裂解装置在2007年9月大修时,换用CS-Ⅱ型重油催化裂化进料喷嘴。在原料性质变差,其它操作条件不变的情况下,液化石油气、汽油和柴油收率之和比改造前提高了1．47个百分点,生焦率降低了0．93个百分点,干气产率降低了0．47个百分点,产品性质基本没有变化,装置运行平稳。CS-Ⅱ型重油催化裂化进料喷嘴的应用,增加了目的产品收率,提高了装置处理能力,降低了装置综合能耗,经济效益达1307．51×10^4RMB￥。     

多产丙烯MIP技术在ARGG装置上的工业应用

1.8 Mt/a ARGG装置于2009年10月完成了MIP技术改造.工业应用结果表明:改造后在掺渣率和原料残炭增加的情况下,液化气和丙烯产率增加明显,丙烯产率增加幅度达13.48％;装置综合能耗2550.22 MJ/t,较改造前下降221.12 MJ/t,降低幅度为7.98％;汽油烯烃体积分数下降了11.1百分点,下...     

1.50 Mt/a蜡油加氢裂化装置轻油型生产技术改造

对中国石油锦西石化公司1.50 Mt/a蜡油加氢裂化装置进行改造,由中间馏分油生产方案改造为灵活型生产方案,对比分析了改造前后的工艺流程和运行状况。原催化剂采用中国石化抚顺石油化工研究院研发的FF-46精制催化剂和FC-14裂化催化剂,改造后采用美国标准公司的灵活型加氢精制催化剂DN 3638/DN 3551/DN 3552和裂化催化剂FX 11/FX 30。结果表明:加氢裂化装置实施轻油型改造后,目的产品为航空煤油和重石脑油,其收率分别为36.68%,44.28%,比改造前分别提高14.91,22.07个百分点,可根据市场情况不产或者少产柴油（收率为17.52%）;改造后装置生产的重石脑油为重整装置提供了优质原料,航空煤油馏分可作为3#航空煤油产品,柴油含硫量达到国Ⅵ标准;装置能耗比改造前高约17.46 kg/t（以标准油计）。     

烧焦罐再生强化技术及冷再生催化剂循环催化裂化技术的工业应用

采用烧焦罐再生强化技术及冷再生催化剂循环催化裂化技术,对中国石油锦西石化公司Ⅱ套催化裂化装置进行了改造。结果表明,装置改造后,由于在原料蜡油中掺炼了质量分数为30%的大庆减压渣油,导致原料油残炭质量分数由0.08%提高到2.61%,并且运动黏度和密度均有所提高;对反应-再生系统的原料预热温度、再生催化剂冷却器冷后温度、主风量等操作参数进行了适应性调整;干气收率下降,轻柴油和总液体收率与改造前持平,油浆和焦炭收率提高;能耗由改造前的45.35 kg/t（以标准油计,下同）降至40.09 kg/t,经济效益显著提高。     

加氢裂化装置掺炼焦化蜡油可行性探讨

介绍了中国石油天然气股份有限公司大庆石化分公司炼油厂1.2 Mt/a加氢裂化装置概况,对比分析了加氢裂化装置掺炼焦化蜡油(CGO)对原料性质、产品性质及收率、工艺操作条件及能耗的影响。标定结果表明,掺炼200 t/d CGO后,原料油密度、干点、氮含量均有所增加;装置运行平稳,精制及裂化反应器平均温度需分别提高4.0℃和3.5℃以维持相同转化率;各产品质量合格,石脑油收率变化不大,柴油十六烷值及中间馏分油收率略有下降,尾油BMCI值升高2.1个单位,气体和尾油收率分别增加0.26百分点;装置综合能耗降低25.5 MJ/t。表明在加氢裂化原料中适当掺炼CGO在技术上是可行的,需在掺炼CGO的经济效益和催化剂运行周期之间寻找最佳平衡点。最后针对掺炼CGO出现的问题提出了解决措施。     

LBO催化剂在重油催化裂化装置中的应用

介绍了LBO催化剂在1.5 Mt/a重油催化裂化装置上的工业应用情况。结果表明,在原料性质和主要操作条件基本不变的前提下,使用LBO降烯烃催化剂后,装置操作平稳;汽油烯烃体积分数下降了8.7个百分点,辛烷值略有下降,诱导期延长;对产品质量无不良影响。     

Converter塔底油裂化助剂在催化裂化装置上的应用

在催化裂化装置中加入能够增加重油裂化能力、提高平衡催化剂活性的Converter塔底油裂化助剂（简称Converter助剂）。工业应用表明,使用Converter助剂后,在原料性质变差的情况下,干气质量分数下降0．10个百分点,焦炭质量分数没有变化,油浆质量分数下降1．08个百分点,总液收率提高1．08个百分点;汽油研究法辛烷值保持在92左右,烯烃体积分数不大于35％;催化剂单耗下降0．011kg／t。     

8×10~4t/a酮苯脱蜡脱油装置改造技术

8－104t／a酮苯脱蜡脱油装置改造在装置扩容的同时,大量采用成熟可靠的新工艺、新设备、新材料,从而使装置能耗及混合溶剂单耗分别下降49％、81％,蜡收率提高4．5个百分点,开发生产了润滑油及全精炼石蜡系列产品,最终实现了降本增效及新产品开发等改造目的。     

高丙烯选择性催化裂解催化剂MMC-2的工业应用

介绍石油化工科学研究院新开发的高丙烯选择性催化裂解催化剂MMC-2在安庆分公司650 kt／a催化裂解装置上的工业应用情况。工业应用统计结果表明:与原来使用的CRP-1催化剂相比,在原料性质和工艺操作条件基本相当的情况下,液化气中的丙烯体积分数增加约5个百分点,丙烯产率增加约2.6个百分点;汽油中的烯烃质量分数下降4~8个百分点,辛烷值略有增加,汽油质量有所改善;装置总液收相当,经济效益显著。     

阿姆河右岸酸性气田井口冲蚀及对策

中亚土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸气田群为高含H_2S和CO_2的碳酸盐岩气藏,单井产量高,井口设备均出现了不同程度的腐蚀。初步分析认为其原因是生产过程中仅考虑酸性介质对气井井口的化学腐蚀,而没有考虑气体流速对井口的冲蚀作用,极大地影响了气田的安全生产。为此,通过对节流阀上下游阀道、法兰面均出现明显坑状腐蚀的进一步分析,明确了化学腐蚀和气体冲蚀的交互作用是井口磨损的主要影响因素,气流冲刷腐蚀坑的化学腐蚀产物会加速冲蚀损害;进而借鉴冲蚀与腐蚀运行环境下的多相管流管道的磨损计算理论,计算了该运行环境下的冲蚀极限速度,得到了不同生产工况下节流阀的抗冲蚀流量;最后,根据气田生产情况,针对性地提出了按气井配产要求来选择采气树类型、节流阀通径及类型冲蚀的技术控制策略。此举为气田安全生产提供了工程技术保障。     

山前地区深井超深井套管防磨与减磨技术研究

针对山前地区深井超深井钻井过程中套管磨损严重的问题,在分析套管磨损机理的基础上,开展了山前地区套管防磨与减磨技术研究,基于技术研究成果及应用实践,得到如下结论:1应用Power V等垂直钻井系统控制井眼轨迹,特别是上部井段的狗腿度和井斜,可明显减小侧向力和磨损量,缩短套管磨损时间;2应综合考虑套管磨损率、磨损系数以及钻杆耐磨带本身的磨损量,优选出效果最优的耐磨带;在狗腿度严重的位置,可考虑采用一定数量的橡胶钻杆卡箍来减轻对套管的磨损;3山前地区钻井液采用CX-300减磨剂能够显著降低磨损速率,减轻套管磨损程度,但在不同钻井液体系使用之前应进行优化分析以确定最佳使用量;4在迪那204井使用高密度钻井液体系,全部采用优选的高密度重晶石粉代替铁矿粉作为加重剂,整个钻进过程中未出现钻具及套管磨损,迪那204井易损件消耗量仅为邻井迪那203井的左右,防磨减磨效果非常显著。     

Biodiesel Projects Helpful to Ease Energy Shortage

Nearly 7,000 hectares of biodiesel forest will take shape in the northern province of Hebei in 2008, part of a national campaign to fuel the fast growing economy in a green way. In no more than five years, the Pistacia chinensis Bunge, whose seeds have an oil content of up to 40 percent, will yield five tons of fruit and contribute about two tons of high-quality biological diesel oil, according to the provincial forestry administration.     

State Energy Base Proposed in Inner Mongolia

Experts recently suggested China set up a state energy base in lnner Mongolia Autonomous Region to ease its energy thirst. The survey was co-conducted by senior researchers from the National Development and Reform Commission, Development Research Center of the State Council, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Finance. To plan and establish strategic energy bases at state level is in line with the principle of ＂giving priority to energy saving and diversifying energy consumption with the utility of coal at the core.＂     

Influence of Shale Oil Boom in North America upon nternational Crude Price Flucturation

正Current stituation of shale oil development in the world The US The country is blessed with abundant shale oil resources and had matersed whole sets of theories and technologies needed for their exploration and development after years of practices.According to an assessment of shale oil resources in major countries and regions of the world issued by the U.S.Energy Information Agency(EIA),the US ranks the second in the world with its 6.8 billion tons of technically recoverable shale oil(shale oil in place is about 136.3 tons).About 8plays had been confirmed to have     

A Sintering-resistant Pd/C Composite Catalyst for Ethylbenzene DehydrogenationDeveloped by CAS Institute of Metals

Carbon deposition is a commonplace phenomenon occurringin the catalytic reaction process, in particular inthe system of direct dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene,because the reactant - ethylbenzene molecules on thesurface of metal oxide catalysts are prone to quickly formcarbon deposits, leading to deactivation of catalysts. Recently,the associate research fellow Mr. Liu Hongyangand the research fellow Mr. Su Dangsheng of the StateShenyang Material Science （United ） Laboratory of theInstitute of Metal Research, CAS by taking advantageof the carbon deposition process during direct dehydrogenationof ethylbenzene have ingeniously designeda Pd/C composite catalyst. This catalyst in comparisonwith the traditional commercial carbon nanotubesupported Pd catalyst shows a significantly improved performancein terms of its catalytic activity and sinteringresistantability.     

ZPEB Overseas Markets Keep Steady and Efficient Development

In recent years, Zhongyuan Petroleum Exploration Bureau （ZPEB） has made rapid development in overseas petroleum markets through its integrated reorganization. A new international business plattbrm established, aimed at becoming a highly ranked contractor with international petroleum engineering technology. ZPEB has expanded its business scope and scale, regulated the market structure,     

New Era for China-Brazil Relations

China and Brazil celebrated the 40th anniversary of establishing diplomatic relations between the two countries in July this year. Bilateral relations between China and Brazil have entered a new stage, and experts expect the already extensive cooperation between the two countries to deepen and broaden as Chinese President Xi Jinping made a state visit to Brazil in mid-July, which is his first state visit to Brazil since he assumed the office last year. The visit to China＇s largest trade partner in Latin America is at the invitation of Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff.     

Large Scale Ethylene Production Package Technology SuccessfullyDeveloped by CNPC

The CNPC Group has successfully developed a largescaleethylene production package technology with independentintellectual property rights, which has beensuccessfully applied in the 1.2 Mt/a ethylene revamp andexpansion project at the Daqing Petrochemical Complex（DPC）.     

Recent Advancements in Petroleum E & P Equipments in China

The role of equipments in oil and gas exploration and development had never been attached with so much importance as that in shale oil and gas boom in the U.S. With the help of massive hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling techniques, the U.S., the world＇s No. 1 oil importer even started to dream about energy self-sufficiency with its proudly high production of shale oil and gas from several major shale plays in the country. However, what behind this remarkable achievement are powerful multi-stage hydraulic fracturing machinery and smart tools for directional drilling.