大鼠肝抑素提取物对肝再生过程的影响

制备大鼠肝抑素，研究它对肝再生过程的影响。应用酒精沉析和超速离心法从正常大鼠肝提取肝抑素提取物（ＨＣ），将其注入肝大部切除大鼠体内。每１２ｈ一次至９６ｈ。每１２ｈ取残余肝测重量和体积，计肝细胞分裂指数（ＭＩ），用体视法测肝细胞数，用流式细胞术测分离肝细胞含不同ＤＮＡ倍体的细胞数。结果：①再生肝重量和体积增长缓慢，至９６ｈ为对照组的７１％；②肝细胞ＭＩ明显降低，ＭＩ高峰延后并为对照组的３３％；③再生肝肝细胞数增长缓慢，至９６ｈ为对照组的６９，８％；④４倍体肝细胞ＤＮＡ合成受阻，Ｓ期和８倍肝细胞数增长现象（见于对照组）消失。结论：ＨＣ提取物具有延缓肝再生的生物活性，它主要阻滞４ｎ肝细胞合成ＤＮＡ，抑制再生肝肝细胞的增殖与分裂。     

红花提取物对肝纤维化大鼠肝线粒体的作用

目的 探讨红花提取物对肝纤维化大鼠肝细胞线粒体的保护作用。方法 二乙基亚硝胺诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型,实验组口服红花提取物,分离各组肝组织细胞线粒体,观察肝细胞线粒体形态学改变,检测MDA和SOD在肝细胞线粒体中的水平。观察线粒体膜势能和线粒体ATP的水平改变,并观察线粒体的呼吸功能变化,以研究红花提取物对肝纤维化大鼠肝细胞线粒体是否具有保护作用。结果 正常组大鼠肝线粒体排列整齐、形态正常,对照组的大鼠线粒体肿胀且形态不规则,边界不清晰,且大小不一致,而实验组线粒体的肿胀、结构不清晰、大小不一等情况有明显改善;肝纤维化大鼠肝细胞线粒体中MDA的水平明显升高,而SOD的含量明显下降,红花提取物处理则能明显降低线粒体MDA的水平,并提高SOD的含量;与正常组相比,肝纤维化大鼠的线粒体膜势能明显降低,而红花提取物处理能够提高线粒体膜势能;大鼠由于肝纤维化可加重消耗肝细胞线粒体中的ATP,而红花提取物能明显减少大鼠线粒体中的ATP消耗。与之一致的是,实验组大鼠线粒体中的磷氧比明显高于对照组。结论 红花提取物能明显降低大鼠肝纤维化诱导的肝细胞线粒体氧化应激。能维持肝细胞线粒体ATP水平、呼吸控制率及磷氧比来保护线粒体的功能。     

白首乌甙对DEN诱发实验性肝癌大鼠肝细胞DNA含量和生长周期变化的影响

用二乙基亚硝胺(DEN)诱发大鼠发生实验性肝癌,用流式细胞仪分析自首乌甙对该模型大鼠肝细胞DNA含量和细胞生长周期的影响。实验结果表明治疗组大鼠与模型组比较,肝细胞内2倍体细胞明显增多,多倍体细胞明显减少;大鼠肝细胞处于G_0/G_1期的细胞显著增多,处于S期的细胞显著减少,说明白首乌甙可抑制肿瘤细胞DNA的合成,阻止肿瘤细胞分裂。     

部分切肝对大鼠肝细胞门静脉途径转基因效率的影响

目的探讨70％切肝对大鼠肝细胞门静脉途径转基因效率的影响。方法Wistar大鼠70％切肝［假手术组(sham operation,S)仅行开腹术］建立肝再生模型,术后24h肝隔离门静脉注射脂质体-质粒DNA复合物(lipofectamine-pEGFP-N1DNAcomplexes,lipoplexes)转绿色荧光蛋白(green fluorescent protein,GFP)基因至肝细胞,对照组注射生理盐水(NS)。转染后4d(分4组,每组5只切肝并于门静脉注射lipoplexes组,He4;切肝并于门静脉注射NS组,Hc4;假手术并于门静脉注射lipoplexes组,Se4;假手术并于门静脉注射NS组,Sc4)、转染后15d(与转染后4d的对应分组为He15;Hc15;Se15;Sc15)均以胶原酶消化、Percoll液梯离心法获取纯化肝细胞悬液;以NS组为对照并以GFP为荧光标记物,用流式细胞仪(flow     

大鼠肝抑素提取物对肝再生过程的影响

制备大鼠肝抑素，研究它对肝再生过程的影响，应用酒精沉析和超速离心法从正常大鼠肝抑素提取物（ＨＣ），将其注入肝大部切除大鼠体内，每１２ｈ一次至９６ｈ，每１２ｈ取残余肝测重量和体积，计肝细胞分裂指数（ＭＩ），用体视法测肝细胞数，用流式细胞术测分离细胞含不同ＤＮＡ倍体的细胞数，结果；（１）再生肝重量和体积增长缓慢，至９６ｈ为对照组的７１％；（２）肝细胞ＭＩ明显降低，ＭＩ高峰延后并后为对照的３３％，（３）     

胎肝前体细胞脾移植对大鼠急性肝功能衰竭的实验研究

目的 :探讨经脾内同种异体移植培养的原代胎肝前体细胞与成体肝细胞悬液对大鼠药物性肝衰竭的疗效 ,并观察脾内移植肝细胞的生物学特性。方法 :采用 D-氨基半乳糖 ( D- gal)建立大鼠急性肝衰竭模型 ,2 4 h后随机分为三组进行治疗。 A组 :经脾内移植体外培养 7d的肝细胞 2× 1 0 7;B组 :经脾内移植肝细胞悬液 2× 1 0 7;C组 :经脾内注射生理盐水1 ml。观察受体大鼠的存活率、肝脏功能和病理变化及移植肝细胞的生物学特性。结果 :A组、B组大鼠存活率 ( 77%、5 9% )与 C组大鼠存活率 ( 2 2 % )相比具有显著性差异 ,肝功能各项指标均有明显改善 ,A、B组与 C组大鼠的肝功能改变方面有统计学差异。经 HE和 PAS染色证实 ,移植的肝细胞在受体脾内结构和功能保持较好。结论 :经脾内移植的培养的原代胎肝前体细胞和肝细胞悬液均能提高大鼠药物性肝衰竭的存活率、改善肝功能及肝脏组织病理变化 ,但培养原代胎肝前体细胞优于成体肝细胞悬液。     

Caspase12在ERS介导的肝细胞凋亡中的作用

目的：探讨Caspase12在肝纤维化内质网应激（ERS）介导的肝细胞凋亡中的作用.方法：雄性Wistar大鼠40只,随机分为正常对照4周、8周组和肝纤维化模型4周、8周组,每组各10只.肝纤维化组按0.3ml/100g体重的剂量皮下注射40％ CCl4植物油溶液,每隔3天注射一次,造模时间分别为4周和8周;对照组大鼠皮下注射等量植物油溶液.采用TUNEL法检测肝组织中肝细胞凋亡情况;免疫组化检测肝组织中Caspase12蛋白的表达变化;Real-time PCR检测肝组织中Caspase12 mRNA的表达变化.结果：免疫组化及Real-time PCR检测显示肝纤维化4周组大鼠肝组织中Caspase12蛋白及mRNA的表达与正常4周组比较无显著差异;随着肝纤维化程度的加重,肝纤维化8周时大鼠肝组织中Caspase12蛋白及mRNA的表达显著增加;同时TUNEL法检测发现肝纤维化大鼠肝组织中肝细胞凋亡的数目较正常组显著增加.结论：Caspase12可能参与了肝纤维化时ERS介导的肝细胞凋亡过程.     

骨髓间充质干细胞对大鼠肝缺血-再灌注损伤定向促修复作用的研究

目的 探讨骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的修复作用。方法 ①取健康Wistar周龄大鼠骨髓细胞悬液，进行BMSCs培养纯化扩增。②健康Wistar成年大鼠随机分为实验组（30只）和对照组（10只）。建立肝组织缺血-再灌注损伤模型，通过尾静脉注入骨髓间充质干细胞0．5mL，约106个。对照组经尾静脉注入生理盐水0．5mL。1周后观察2组肝缺血-再灌注损伤后大鼠的存活率以及肝脏修复情况。结果 ①分离培养的BMSCs增殖旺直，纯度较高，且均质性和稳定性好。②实验组大鼠成活率达80％，肝细胞逐渐恢复正常，损伤的肝组织得到修复，而对照组大鼠腹腔积水．粘连，成活率达30％。2组成活率比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论经尾静脉移植BMSCs后，可提高大鼠肝组坎缺血-再灌注损伤后的修复。     

软肝冲剂对四氯化碳肝硬化大鼠P21mRNA表达的影响

目的探讨软肝冲剂对四氯化碳肝硬化大鼠P21mRNA表达及细胞周期各时相DNA含量的影响,从mRNA、DNA水平探讨软肝冲剂阻止肝硬化的作用机理.方法采用RT-PCR及流式细胞计数仪分别检测四氯化碳肝硬化大鼠P21mRNA表达、DNA含量.结果软肝冲剂能降低四氯化碳肝硬化大鼠P21mRNA 表达,与模型组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01),大剂量组的疗效与小剂量组比较无明显差异(P>0.05).正常肝组织P21mRNA呈相当低水平表达,其表达相对值为(0.17±0.06)U.定量DNA图像分析发现模型组中处于G1期的细胞数要明显多于其它各组(P<0.01),软肝冲剂大剂量组中处于G1期的细胞数要明显少于软肝冲剂小剂量组(均P<0.01).结论软肝冲剂能调节P21基因表达,调节细胞周期,促进肝细胞再生,抑制肝纤维化、肝硬化的形成.     

金纳多(银杏叶提取物)对大鼠实验性肝纤维化的防治作用

目的研究金纳多(银杏叶提取物)对大鼠实验性肝纤维化的防治作用。方法应用CCl4诱导大鼠实验性肝纤维化,以金纳多防治。实验分金纳多组(n=12);CCl4组(n=12);正常对照组(n=12)。金纳多组和CCl4组分别用40% CCl4橄榄油溶液制备大鼠肝纤维化模型。金纳多组按8 mL/(kg·d)腹腔注射金纳多液,共12Wk。观察肝脏组织学改变、肝羟脯氨酸(HYP)、丙二醛(MDA)含量、血清PC-Ⅲ、HA、血栓烷B2 (TXB2)及6-酮-前列腺素Fla (6-keto-PGFla)水平。结果金纳多组大鼠肝纤维化程度明显轻于CCl4组;肝羟脯氨酸及丙二醛含量(166.0±27.0μg/g 肝和206.3±1.2μmol/g)显著低于CCl4组(248.0±45.0μg/g 肝和273.5±47.6μg/g);PC-Ⅲ和HA(113.0±42.0μg/L和258.0±92.0μg/L)水平亦显著低于CCl4组(256.0±68.0μg/L和479.0±116.0μg/L),且接近于正常对照组大鼠;TXB2降低,6-keto-PGFla增高。结论金纳多可保护肝细胞、减轻肝细胞坏死,对大鼠实验性肝纤维化具有防治作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.