预制备膜特性对铝合金微弧氧化膜层形成过程的影响

利用交流脉冲微弧氧化电源在氯化钠和不同浓度硅酸钠电解液中对LY12铝合金进行表面处理,对比研究了样品表面有无预制备膜对微弧氧化起弧及生长过程的影响规律。结果表明:铝合金样品表面形成较高阻抗值的膜层是微弧氧化起弧现象得以发生的必要条件;样品表面获取预制备膜抑制了活性电极放电并为后期电击穿提供一个易"失稳"的界面状态,有利于缩短微弧氧化起弧时间,降低起弧电压,但预制备膜厚度和阻抗值大小对起弧时间和电压影响均较小;样品表面有无预制备膜微弧氧化电压-时间曲线有着相似的变化规律,且预制备膜在后期生长过程中重新参与成膜,在相同能量输出条件下所得陶瓷层厚度明显大于无预制备膜铝合金。     

预制膜对铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷层生长过程的影响

在磷酸盐体系电解液中,利用微弧氧化技术,分别对有、无高温氧化预制膜的铝合金进行表面陶瓷化处理,研究了预制膜对陶瓷层生长的影响规律.结果表明:高温氧化预制膜有利于提高陶瓷层的生长速率,降低起弧电压;陶瓷层的生长先是以初期形成的陶瓷颗粒为核心呈线状扩展,然后多条线接合呈网状,最后蔓延成面;陶瓷层生长的初期以高温氧化预制膜熔化生成为主,到后期,则是以铝合金基体熔化生成为主,此时预制膜对陶瓷层生长过程的影响较小,但由预制膜生成的陶瓷对陶瓷层生长的影响较大.     

铝合金微弧氧化正向电流与膜层形成的关系

在含Na2SiO310 g/L、NaOH 2 g/L、Na2WO4 2 g/L、Na2EDTA 2 g/L和C3H8O3 10 mL/L的电解液和正/负向电压取440/130 V的条件下对铝合金(ZL108)进行微弧氧化处理.利用涡流测厚仪、XRD、光学显微镜和SEM对获得膜层进行表征.通过观察微正向电流变化分析膜层的形成过程.研究发现,在电压达到预设值前,试样表面只形成了局部的氧化膜,对电流的影响不显著.氧化2 min到12 min之间,膜层快速增长,最大值达8.75 μm/min,膜层仅含γ-Al2O3相,膜层表面氧化物颗粒数目及尺寸均增加.膜层向内外同时生长.但膜层较为疏松易被溶解,由于膜层沉积-溶解交替进行引起电流在8A和6A之间波动.氧化12 min到35 min之间,膜层缓慢增长,最小值达0.5μm/min,膜层以向内生长为主.膜层中3Al2O3·2SiO2和γ-Al2O3相的含量有减少的趋势,而d-Al2O3相和SiO2相在增加.氧化膜经过高温相变与烧结生成致密的陶瓷膜.陶瓷颗粒由椭球形转变成圆球形.膜层增厚变密导致电流由6A持续下降到2A.氧化到53 min时,立刻息弧,膜层停止生长.微弧氧化正向电流的变化间接地反映了氧化膜的形成.     

2A12航空铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷层生长过程

研究2A12铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷层的生长规律,分析不同氧化时间陶瓷层的表面和截面形貌、成分和相组成。研究表明,陶瓷层总厚度接近于线性增长,向外生长速度比向基体内生长的速率稍大,而致密层占总膜层的比例先快速增加,其后略微下降。SEM结果显示,陶瓷层表面有大量呈火山口状的等离子放电痕迹,随氧化时间延长,厚度在整个表面上趋于相等,界面处氧化膜变得比较平坦。陶瓷层主要由α-Al2O3和γ-Al2O3相组成,随着氧化时间的延长,γ-Al2O3相在陶瓷层中的含量先增加后减小,而α-Al2O3相的含量随氧化时间的延长逐渐提高。     

电压对铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷层形成的影响

研究了正向和负向电压对6063铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷层形成的影响,并结合微弧氧化过程中正向电流密度的变化,对影响机理进行了探讨.结果表明,提高正负向电压均有利于提高陶瓷层的厚度与均匀性当正负向电压从420V/120V提高到480V/200V时,陶瓷层厚增加了一倍;负向电压对陶瓷层形成的影响更加显著,当保持正向电压440V不变,负向电压从120V提高到200V时,层厚增加了约60%,均匀性明显提高.正负向电压提高时,通过试样的正向电量随之增大,而且与陶瓷层厚度之间有着较好的线性关系.正向和负向电压分别通过加快物质的迁移和强化膜层的击穿从而促进陶瓷层的形成.     

镁合金微弧氧化陶瓷层形成及生长过程的研究

研究了MB8镁合金在硅酸盐溶液体系中微弧氧化陶瓷层形成及生长过程的形貌特征。结果表明：整个过程可分为3个阶段,即阳极沉积阶段、微弧阶段和局部弧光阶段。阳极沉积阶段是在阳极表面发生团絮氧化膜沉积与扩展的过程。微弧阶段是前期缺陷减少与消失并形成均匀膜层表面的过程,陶瓷层表面微孔孔径较小,膜层均匀致密。局部弧光阶段形成的放电微孔孔径较大,陶瓷层比较疏松。     

铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷层石墨相的形成及作用

在ZL108微弧氧化过程中,实现了石墨相的沉积。陶瓷层中的石墨相具有明显的减摩作用,并指出了出现最佳减摩效果电解液中石墨的浓度。     

铝合金表面微弧氧化陶瓷层耐磨性

利用微弧氧化技术在7075铝合金表面形成微弧氧化陶瓷膜层,通过SEM、XRD手段分析了微弧氧化陶瓷层的显微结构、表面形貌和相组成,并在HIT-Ⅱ摩擦磨损试验机上测试了陶瓷膜层的摩擦学性能.结果表明:7075铝合金表面的微弧氧化陶瓷膜层由疏松层、致密层构成,其相组成主要是α-Al2O3和γ-Al2O3两相;氧化陶瓷层与基体结合良好,厚度为25～45μm,表面硬度可达到1900HV0.1左右;微弧氧化表面处理技术可以显著提高铝合金的表面耐磨性,在与GCr15钢球对磨时,膜层具有较低的磨损率,但摩擦因数相对较高.     

LY12铝合金微弧氧化的尺寸变化规律

研究了ＬＹ１２铝合金微弧氧化过程中工件尺寸变化规律，并初步分析了氧化膜生长机理。氧化膜经过一段时间的线性增长后，生长速度逐渐降低。氧化初始阶段向外生长为主，氧化膜达到一定厚度后，工件外部尺寸不再增加，而逐渐转向基体内部生长。氧化膜分为疏松层和致密层两层结构，致密层最终可占到总膜厚的７５％以上，打磨掉表面疏松层后，工件基本上能保持原始尺寸。     

镁合金微弧氧化膜层形成过程探讨

对镁合金微弧氧化膜层的形成过程以及形成过程中的工艺影响因素做进一步的探讨，得出微弧氧化膜层的形成是一种亚单层生长模型，它是“成膜→击穿→熔化→烧结→再成膜……”的多次循环过程。并且微弧氧化先期形成的主要是致密层，疏松层则主要是在后期形成。还研究了成膜电压、电流、电解液体系等工艺参数与膜层生成的关系，发现电压越高，得到的膜层越厚，而电流在20A/dm^2的电流密度下生成的薄膜具有较好的质量和性能，还发现在硅酸盐体系中形成的膜层在质量还是性能方面优于铝酸盐和磷酸盐体系中形成的膜层。     

Corrosion evaluation of microarc oxidation coatings formed on 2024 aluminium alloy

Dense alumina ceramic coatings of 7 μm thickness were fabricated on 2024 aluminium alloy by microarc oxidation (MAO). The corrosion behaviour of the MAO coated alloys was evaluated using potentiodynamic polarisation and EIS measurements. The results show that the corrosion process of the coated alloy can be divided into three stages: (1) the initial stage (the first 2-6 h of immersion): penetration of corrosion medium into the aluminium alloy was inhibited by coating; (2) the second stage (after 24 h of immersion), corrosion medium penetrated to attack the interface between the substrate and the coating; (3) the final stage (after about 96 h): corrosion process was controlled by the diffusion of corrosion products.     

预先热处理对ZAlSi12Cu2Mg1铝合金微弧氧化层的影响

对ZAlSi12Cu2Mg1铝合金分别按T1和T6进行预先热处理,然后在NaOH-Na2SiO3电解液体系下进行表面微弧氧化,并对微弧氧化层的结构及性能进行分析.利用电涡流测厚仪测量氧化层的厚度,用显微硬度计测量氧化层截面的显微硬度,并进行截面形貌观察,用XRD分析氧化层相组成.结果表明：在微弧氧化前,该合金进行的预先热处理对后续的微弧氧化影响很显著;在合金表面获得了较厚的微弧氧化层,氧化层与基体互相镶嵌,并结合良好.氧化层主要由α-Al2O3、γ-Al2O3、Al、Al2SiO5及非晶相组成.经T6处理合金所获得的微弧氧化层的结构和性能优于经T1处理的.     

Preparation and structure of microarc oxidation ceramic coatings containing ZrO2 grown on LY12 Al alloy

Ceramic coatings containing ZrO2 were prepared in situ on LY12 aluminum alloy by microarc oxidation（MAO） in the mixed solution of zirconate and phosphate solution.The phase composition and morphology of the coatings were studied by XRD and SEM,respectively.The growing mechanism of ceramic coatings was discussed in a preliminary manner.The results show that with an increase in MAO time,the compactness of the coating improved and the thickness increased.From the inner layer to the coating surface,the content of Zr increased,while the content of Al decreased.In addition,the coating was composed of m-ZrO2,t-ZrO2,and a little amount of γ-Al2O3.With an increase in reaction time,the relative content of t-ZrO2 within the coating sharply decreased while the relative content of m-ZrO2 sharply increased,and then both generally kept at a constant level after 60 min.     

锆合金表面微弧氧化陶瓷膜制备及特性分析

采用交流微弧氧化方法在一种锆合金表面制备出保护性陶瓷膜。采用SEM、EDS、XRD分析了陶瓷膜的表面形貌、截面组织、成分和相组成,并测量了微弧氧化前后锆合金的极化曲线,以评估陶瓷膜的电化学腐蚀特性。结果表明,膜层较为致密,并与锆合金结合良好。陶瓷膜由m-ZrO2、t-ZrO2、S iO2相所组成,其中S iO2相主要分布在外层膜里。微弧氧化处理后,锆合金的腐蚀电位上升,腐蚀电流密度下降,它的抗腐蚀能力得到较大提高。     

Investigation of discharge dynamics in microarc oxidation of D16 aluminium alloy

Special features of the microarc discharge in microarc oxidation of the D16 aluminium alloys are investigated. The stages of formation of the microarcs on the surface of the sample in operation with a regulated condenser power source with alternating current with a frequency of 50 Hz are described using high-speed video filming.     

Structure and tensile／wear properties of microarc oxidation ceramic coatings on aluminium alloy

Thick and hard ceramic coatings were prepared on the Al-Cu-Mg alloy by microarc oxidation in alkali-silicate electrolytic solution. The thickness and microhardness of the oxide coatings were measured. The influence of current density on the growth rate of the coating was examined. The rnicrostructure and phase composition of the coatings were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Moreover, the tensile strength of the AI alloy before and after microarc oxidation treatment were tested, and the fractography and morphology of the oxide coatings were observed using scanning electron microscope. It is found that the current density considerably influences the growth rate of the microarc oxidation coatings. The oxide coating is mainly composed of α-Al2 O3 and γ-Al2O3, while high content of Si is observed in the superficial layer of the coating. The cross-section microhardness of 120μm thick coating reaches the maximum at distance of 35μm from the substrate/coating interface. The tensile strength and elongation of the coated AI alloy significantly decrease with increasing coating thickness. The rnicroarc oxidation coatings greatly improve the wear resistance of AI alloy, but have high friction coefficient which changes in the range of 0.7-0.8. Under grease lubricating, friction coefficient is only 0. 15 and wear loss is less than 1/10 of the loss under dry friction.     

LY12铝合金超塑性挤压工艺的试验研究

通过试验制定了铝合金ＬＹ１２的超塑性挤压工艺。用此工艺可成形较 复杂的、高精度的ＬＹ１２合金制作，并且生产率高，可达批量生产的能力。     

White anodized thermal control coating on LY12 aluminum alloy

The thermal control coating with low solar absorptance that can be used in the thermal control system of the spacecraft are gained by in situ growth on the LY12 aluminum alloy. In this article, the optical properties, thickness and microstructure of the anodized coating were studied by spectrophotometer, thickness gauge and AFM, respectively. The influence of various operating parameters, viz., temperature, current density, and anodizing time, on the optical properties of the coating was investigated. Results show that the thicknesses of the coating, size and density of micropores have important influence on the optical properties of the coating. Less size and density of micropores, higher reflectance could be gained on the base of enough thickness of the coating. Therefore, white anodized thermal control coating could be prepared by optimizing the process parameters.     

镁合金在硅酸盐体系中微弧氧化膜层的性能研究

利用交流微弧氧化装置对AZ91D镁合金在硅酸盐体系中进行了微弧氧化处理,并通过扫描电镜、电化学测试技术和表面性能测试仪等研究了氧化时间和电流密度对微弧氧化膜层表面形貌、厚度、耐蚀性、摩擦磨损性能和结合力的影响.结果表明：随氧化时间和电流密度的增大,镁合金微弧氧化膜层中微孔的数量减少,但微孔的直径和表面粗糙度增大.膜层厚度随氧化时间和电流密度的增加呈线性增大,但与基体的结合力明显降低.镁合金微弧氧化膜层的耐蚀性和耐磨性随氧化时间和电流密度的增大呈先增大后减小的趋势.镁合金在硅酸盐体系中微弧氧化处理的最佳工艺为氧化时间40min、电流密度0.20A/cm2.