Selective Formation of Metal Nanoparticles on the Sidewalls of Carbon Nanotubes

Pt and Au nanoparticles spontaneously form on the sidewalls of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) in a selective manner. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) studies reveal that metal ions are first absorbed on the sidewalls of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and then are reduced by ethanol. This mechanism is tentatively proposed and discussed.     

过渡族金属硫化物纳米管结构研发现状

随着碳富勒烯和碳纳米管的发现,具有类似层状结构的纳米颗粒MoS2,由于片层状平面结构的不稳定,易形成封闭多面体笼状结构和管状结构.综述了过渡族金属硫化物MS2(M=W,Mo,Nb,Ta,Zr,Ti,Re,Hf)纳米管的合成方法、微观结构、生长机制及其潜在的性能和应用.     

石英基底上定向单壁碳纳米管阵列可控生长

以铜为催化剂,甲烷为碳源,采用化学气相沉积法在石英单晶基底上生长定向单壁碳纳米管阵列,分别用扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜对其结构进行表征,研究了使用聚合物聚乙烯丙烯酸甲脂（PMMA）分散催化剂对碳纳米管密度和定向性的影响,利用PMMA分散催化剂能提高催化剂的活性,增加定向碳纳米管的密度,使催化剂形成规则的条状,能进一步提高其密度和定向性。采用微加工工艺做成器件,并利用半导体参数测试仪对器件进行了电学测试。     

微量氧对单壁碳纳米管生长的辅助催化作用研究

采用温控电弧炉,分别于He气氛和催化剂中加入不同量的氧,系统地研究了氧对纳米管形成的影响。TEM等研究分析表明,气氛中含有一定量的氧有利于氧化非晶碳促进纳米管的生长;催化剂中加入金属氧化物可以起到辅助催化的作用,减少产物中杂质含量,提高单壁碳纳米管的纯度。     

研究单壁碳纳米管杨氏模量的一种能量方法

本文利用能量方法研究了单壁碳纳米管(single-walled carbon nanotubes, SWCNT)的杨氏模量.文中,首先采用分子力学理论得出了受轴向载荷作用下单壁碳纳米管的总势能;然后通过总势能与相应薄圆柱壳的应变能比较,推导出了单壁碳纳米管杨氏模量的计算公式.另外,从一系列碳纳米管杨氏模量的计算发现,本文研究结果与现有研究结果比较一致.     

HRTEM observations on composites of tin and tin dioxide nanoparticles dispersed on carbon nanotubes by single-atoms-to-clusters method

Nano-composites of tin and tin dioxide particles were synthesized on carbon nanotubes by the single-atoms-to-clusters (SAC) method, and their structures were investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. By changing the heat-treatment temperature during the SAC process, two different types of samples were obtained. The samples prepared around 450 K were aggregates of 2-4 nm-sized tin dioxide nanoparticles, and their size distributions on carbon nanotubes are in the range 20-40 nm. The other samples formed above 600 K had a core-shell structure of diameter 20-40 nm. The core and shell were made of tin single crystal and disordered oxidized tin, respectively. The thickness of the oxidized layers was ca. 4 nm.     

过渡金属氮化物TinNm小团簇结构中的定域键

Ti、N形成的小团簇TinNm,当n＋m≤4时,一般出现线形和平面构型;当n＋m=5或6时,TinNm团簇异构体既有线形结构,也有平面结构,还有少数立体结构。线形结构大多形成强弱交替的定域键。平面结构中Ti—N键,随着原子数的增加,逐渐从共价键向离子键过渡,Ti失去电子增多,N得到电子也增多。而立体构型中大多形成离域键,验证了Anderson理论。     

多壁碳纳米管功能化及其增韧环氧树脂的研究

采用混酸氧化多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs），然后将其与过氧化丁二酸反应，接着对其进行酰胺功能化处理，并用功能化后的MWCNTs对环氧树脂（EP）进行增韧改性，研究了不同含量MWCNTs对EP力学性能的影响，探讨了其改性机理。研究结果表明，经过功能化处理，MWCNTs表面成功接上了一定数量的酰胺基团，将其加入到EP中可大幅度提高EP的冲击强度，在其用量为1．5wt％时，冲击强度提高了92%,SEM结果显示，加入MWCNTs后印由脆性断裂转变为韧性断裂。     

碳纳米管泛用合金晶粒细化剂的作用

综述了碳纳米管细化金属晶粒的研究现状,主要包括镁基、铝基、铅锡基、镍基、铁基等,并指出将碳纳米管加入镁、铝、铅、铁、镍基金属合金中都可以明显地细化这些合金材料的基体组织,同时阐述了目前假设的碳纳米管细化晶粒的机理:提供了较多优先形核的位置和阻碍晶粒的长大.     

热处理对单壁碳纳米管场发射的影响

将单壁碳纳米管组装于W针尖 ,对它进行热处理 ,得到单壁碳纳米管在不同温度去气时的残气质谱图和热处理后的场发射特性曲线。通过对不同温度去气后的I U特性曲线的Fowler Nordheim直线斜率的变化 ,结合残气质谱图的分析 ,研究热处理对单壁碳纳米管场发射特性的影响 ,并对其机理进行了初步讨论     

Effect of Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes on the Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were used to prepare natural rubber (NR) nanocomposites. Our first efforts to achieve nanostructures in MWNTs/NR nanocomposites were formed by incorporating carbon nanotubes in a polymer solution and subsequently evaporating the solvent. Using this technique, nanotubes can be dispersed homogeneously in the NR matrix in an attempt to increase the mechanical properties of these nanocomposites. The properties of the nanocomposites such as tensile strength, tensile modulus, elongation at break and hardness were studied. Mechanical test results show an increase in the initial modulus for up to 12 times in relation to pure NR. In addition to mechanical testing, the dispersion state of the MWNTs into NR studied by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) in order to understand the morphology of the resulting system     

Nanomachines Based on Carbon Nanotubes Walls Motion: Operation Modes and Controlling Forces

Abstract

Possible types of nanomachines based on threadlike relative motion of nanotube walls are considered. The theory for dynamics of such a motion is developed. Types of motion, controlling forces, and operation modes for these nanomachines are analyzed.     

Multiwalled Nanotubes: Their Formation by Irradiating Graphite with High Doses of Electrons

Abstract

We report the production of carbon nanotubes by high dose of electron irradiation. The irradiation was performed with a 2 MeV Van de Graaff accelerator, while the irradiation conditions were the following: voltage 1.3 MeV, current 5 µA, dose rate 25 kGy/min, and total dosage 1000 kGy. The samples were analyzed in a high‐resolution transmission electron microscope. The main features observed on the samples, were huge nanotubes of several nanometer long and few nanometer wide, which are capped at one end. It is good to point out, that at this level of irradiation, we were not able to find either onion‐like or particle structures throughout the material, as it is usual in similar hexagonal structures. This behavior could be attributed to the level of irradiation used to create the nanotubes under investigation.     

Si3N4-SiC—TiN陶瓷反烧结制备工艺研究

以TiSi2、SiC和Mo粉为原料,在毛坯孔隙率、SiC含量及Mo含量不同的情况下进行反应烧结制备Si3N。基陶瓷。结果表明：随着毛坯致密度的增加,复合陶瓷的致密度先增加后减小,而TiSi2的转化率却一直下降;随着SiC含量的增加,复合陶瓷的致密度先增加后减小,致密度在SiC含量为40％时达到最大,而TiSi。的转化率随SiC含量增加而增加;此外,随着Mo含量的增加,复合陶瓷的致密度也略有增加;氮化硅相主要以针状晶粒、等轴颗粒、棒状晶粒和晶须存在,而在Si3N4-TiN—MoSi2--SiC复合陶瓷中出现弯曲的丝状Si3N4相。     

Multiwalled Nanotubes: Their Formation by Irradiating Graphite with High Doses of Electrons

We report the production of carbon nanotubes by high dose of electron irradiation. The irradiation was performed with a 2 MeV Van de Graaff accelerator, while the irradiation conditions were the following: voltage 1.3 MeV, current 5 µA, dose rate 25 kGy/min, and total dosage 1000 kGy. The samples were analyzed in a high-resolution transmission electron microscope. The main features observed on the samples, were huge nanotubes of several nanometer long and few nanometer wide, which are capped at one end. It is good to point out, that at this level of irradiation, we were not able to find either onion-like or particle structures throughout the material, as it is usual in similar hexagonal structures. This behavior could be attributed to the level of irradiation used to create the nanotubes under investigation.     

对苯二甲酸表面修饰多壁碳纳米管的研究

选用苯二甲酸(TPA)为改性剂,通过酯化反应对多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)进行了表面修饰,讨论了MWNT的用量、反应温度及反应时间对修饰效果的影响,通过红外光谱(IR)和扫描电镜(SEM)表征了样品的形貌与结构。结果表明,MWNT用量为11.76%(质量分数)、反应温度为145℃、反应时间为5h时,TPA对MWNT的修饰效果最好。     

化学气相沉积法合成碳纳米管的研究进展

本文主要评述了化学气相沉积法合成碳纳米管的最新研究进展，结合我们在这方面的工作，重点讨论了催化剂、碳源、反应温度对合成碳纳米管质量和产率的影响，并对这一领域的发展趋势作了展望。     

单壁碳纳米管的氧化修饰及表面官能团研究

为了丰富单壁碳纳米管（SWNTs）表面的官能团,增加碳管的化学反应活性,采用混酸氧化和紫外光辐照催化条件下氨-氧化等表面修饰手段对SWNTs进行表面修饰,傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）测试表明,混酸氧化使SWNTs端口打开,表面变得粗糙,管壁引入了羧基等活性官能团,进一步的氨-氧化使得SWNTs表面引入氨基,同时部分羧基转变为酰胺基。     

碳对超低碳船体钢熔敷金属冲击韧性的影响

考察了埋弧焊材中含少量碳(w(C)<0.05%)对10CrNiCuA钢熔敷金属冲击韧性的影响。试验发现,随碳含量的增加,熔敷金属的冲击韧性得到了很大地提高。其主要原因在于,碳元素使熔敷金属的一次组织得到了明显地细化,并强烈地抑制了熔敷金属中侧板条铁素体的生成,使得熔敷金属中针状铁素体的含量稍有增加。