Determination and correlation solubility of m-phenylenediamine in (methanol,ethanol, acetonitrile and water) and their binary solvents from 278.15 K to 313.15 K

In this study, the solubility of m-phenylenediamine in four pure solvents(methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile and water) and three binary solvent(methanol + water),(ethanol + water) and(acetonitrile + water) systems were determined in the temperature ranging from 278.15 K to 313.15 K by using the gravimetric method under atmospheric pressure. In the temperature range of 278.15 K to 313.15 K, the mole fraction solubility values of m-phenylenediamine in water, methanol, ethanol, and acetonitrile are 0.0093–0.1533, 0.1668–0.5589,0.1072–0.5356, and 0.1717–0.6438, respectively. At constant temperature and solvent composition, the mole fraction solubility of o-phenylenediamine in four pure solvents was increased as the following order:water b ethanol b methanol b acetonitrile; and in the three binary solvent mixtures could be ranked as follows:(ethanol + water) b(methanol + water) b(acetonitrile + water). The relationship between the experimental temperature and the solubility of m-phenylenediamine was revealed as follows: the solubility of mphenylenediamine in pure and binary solvents could be increased with the increase of temperature. The experimental values were correlated with the Jouyban–Acree model, van't Hoff–Jouyban–Acree model, modified Apelblat–Jouyban–Acree model, Sun model and Ma model. The standard dissolution enthalpy, standard dissolution entropy and the Gibbs energy were calculated based on the experimental solubility data. In the binary solvent mixtures, the dissolution of m-phenylenediamine could be an endothermic process. The solubility data,correlation equations and thermodynamic property obtained from this study would be invoked as basic data and models regarding the purification and crystallization process of m-phenylenediamine.     

Determination and correlation of the solubility of L-arabinose and D-galactose in binary solvent mixtures from 278.15 to 333.15 K

L-arabinose and D-galactose could be released during the hydrolysis process of Arabic gum. The development of a crystallization process of L-arabinose is highly dependent on the knowledge of the solubility of both saccharides. In this work, the solubility of L-arabinose and D-galactose in binary mixtures of methanol-water or ethanol-water (mole fraction of water ≤0.5816) was determined at temperatures between 278.15 and 333.15 K by a static equilibrium method. The experimental data correlated well with the modified Apelblat equation, the simplified polynomial empirical equation, NRTL model and UNIQUAC model. Additionally, the thermodynamic properties including the dissolution enthalpy and entropy were obtained from the experimental data. Within the studied temperature range, the dissolution is endothermic and the dissolution process is non-spontaneous.     

Solubility of N-chloro succinimide in different pure solvents in the temperature range from 278.15 K to 333.15K

Solubility data were measured for N-chloro succinimide in pure n-butanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, isopropanol, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile and acetic anhydride at the temperature range between 278.15 K and 333.15 K under atmospheric pressure by gravimetric method. The solubility of N-chloro succinimide in those selected solvents increased with increasing temperature. The solubility data were correlated with the modified Apelblat equation and the van??t Hoff equation to obtain the model parameters. The experimental results could be useful for optimizing the process of purification of N-chloro succinimide in industry. Isopropanol could be the excellent solvent in the crystallization of N-chloro succinimide.     

Solubility measurement,correlation and thermodynamic properties of 2,3,4-trichloro-1,5-dinitrobenzene in fifteen mono-solvents at temperatures from 278.15 to 323.15 K

The solubility of 2,3,4-trichloro-1,5-dinitrobenzene(TCDNB) was measured by a laser dynamic method over the temperature range from 278.15 K to 323.15 K under 0.1 MPa in fifteen mono-solvents(methanol,ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, toluene, dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrachloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, acetone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, N-methylpyrrolidone(NMP), N,Ndimethylformamide dimethyl sulfoxide(DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO). The solubility of TCDNB could be increased with incre...     

Measurement and correlation of solubility of diosmin in four pure solvents and β-cyclodextrin solution at 298.15 K to 333.15 K

The aim of present study was to measure and correlate the solubility of poorly water-soluble flavonoid diosmin in water, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), polyethylene glycol-400 (PEG-400) andβ-cyclodextrin (β-CD) aqueous solution (0.02 mol·L-1). The solubility of diosmin was measured using the shake flask method from (298.15 to 333.15) K at atmospheric pressure. The experimental solubilities of diosmin were regressed by the modified Apelblat model with a relative deviation in the range of 0.048%to 5.940%. The correlation coefficients were observed in the range of 0.9957 to 0.9995. The solubility of diosmin was found to be increased with temperature in all sample matrices investigated. The mole fraction solubility of diosmin was found to be higher inβ-CD aqueous solution and PEG-400 as compared to water, ethanol and IPA. Based on solubility data of present study, diosmin was considered as practical y insoluble in water, insoluble in ethanol&IPA and soluble in PEG-400 andβ-CD aqueous solution.     

Measurement and correlation of solubility of trimethylolethane in different pure solvents and binary mixtures

The solubilities of trimethylolethane in butanol,methyl acetate,ethyl acetate as well as in mixed solvents of (methanol + ethyl acetate) and (ethanol + ethyl acetate) were measured with the gravimetTic method in the temperature range from 283.15 K to 318.15 K under atmosphere pressure.The experiment results showed that the solubility of trimethylolethane increased with the temperature,or along with the concentration of methanol or ethanol in the solvents of (methanol + ethyl acetate) and (ethanol + ethyl acetate).In addition,the experiment values were correlated by the van't Hoffequation,Modified Apelblat Equation,λh Equation,CNIBS/R-K equation and Jouyban-Acree Model.The Modified Apelblat Equation provided the best fitting results of the solubility data of TME in the pure solvents while the CNIBS/R-K model showed the best estimation of the solubility in the binary solvent mixtures.Furthermore,the density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that solubility in different solvents related to the strength of the interaction between the trimethylolethane and the solvent molecules.Finally,the standard molar enthalpy and molar entropy of trimethylolethane during the dissolving process was also calculated by Modified Apelblat equation in this work.     

Measurement and correlation of the solubility of sodium acetate in eight pure and binary solvents

The knowledge of solubility of a salt in either the pure solvent or blend solvent is of great importance for studying or operating the crystallization, extraction, and distillation processes. The solubility of sodium acetate (NaAc) in four pure solvents (water, ethanol, acetic acid and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol) and four binary solvents (water–ethanol, water-acetic acid, acetic acid–ethanol, and acetic acid-ethyl acetate) were measured by using the laser dynamic method at temperatures from 288.15 K to 338.15 K at 0.1 MPa. The results showed that the solubility of NaAc was influenced by either the solution temperature or solvent composition. The aqueous sodium acetate solution possessed the maximal solubility under the experimental conditions. The solubility of NaAc in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol was found to be decreased with the increase of the solution temperature. While, the solubilities of NaAc in other seven solvents increased as the solution temperature was elevated. Besides, five correlation models, including the van't Hoff model, modified Apelblat model, Yaws model, λh model, and modified Apelblat-Jouyban-Acree model were used to correlate the solubility data of those sodium acetate solutions with acceptable deviation, respectively. Finally, van't Hoff analysis method was selected to analyze the change law of thermodynamic properties of a salt during the dissolution process.     

莱鲍迪苷A溶解度的测定与关联

采用激光动态监测法测定了273.15～318.15 K莱鲍迪苷A在丙酮、无水乙醇、95%乙醇和90%乙醇4种溶剂中的溶解度,并用Apelblat方程、理想溶液方程和多项式经验方程对实验数据进行了关联。结果表明,莱鲍迪苷A在4种溶剂中的溶解度均随温度的升高而增大,且在不同溶剂中莱鲍迪苷A的溶解度有较大差异,大小顺序为:90%乙醇>95%乙醇>无水乙醇>丙酮;莱鲍迪苷A的溶解度实验数据用Apelblat方程、理想溶液方程和多项式经验方程关联的最大平均相对误差分别为1.75%,3.85%,0.96%。上述结果可以为莱鲍迪苷A的结晶分离过程提供基础热力学数据。     

Measurement and correlation of solubility and thermodynamic properties of N-acetyl-l-glutamine in some pure solvents and binary solvents at various temperatures

The solubility data of N-acetyl-l-glutamine in aqueous solution with different proportions of methanol and ethanol were determined with a static analytical method from 293.15 to 318.15?K. The data were then correlated by five models including the modified Apelblat equation, Van’t Hoff equation, local composition model (NRTL model), CNIBS/Redlich–Kister model, and Jouyban–Acree model. The results show that Van’t Hoff equation agrees well with the experimental data. When the ratio of methanol or ethanol in aqueous solution is in the range of 0.2–0.4, the solubility of N-acetyl-l-glutamine reaches its maximum. Besides, the melting temperature and fusion enthalpy of N-acetyl-l-glutamine were measured by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and no polymorphism was found in the systems studied. The thermodynamic properties including enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy during dissolution were calculated accordingly in this work.     

The solubility of cefquinome sulfate in pure and mixed solvents

Solid-liquid equilibrium data of cefquinome sulfate is important to develop industrial crystallization processes for cefquinome sulfate. The solubilities of cefquinome sulfate in five pure solvents (methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, acetic acid and water) from 277.15 to 305.15 K and in a binary acetone-water solvent from 278.15 to 293.15 K were measured at atmospheric pressure. The pure-solvent solubility data was correlated to the modified Apelblat and Van’t Hoff equations whereas the mixed-solvent system data was correlated to the modified Apelblat, Van’t Hoff, CNIBS/R-K and Jouyban- Acree models. It was found that the solubilities of cefquinome sulfate in all tested solvents decreased with the increasing of temperature. In addition, the thermodynamic properties of the dissolution processes, including standard Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy changes, were calculated using the Van’t Hoff equation. It was found that the dissolution of cefquinome sulfate is exothermic.

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费托蜡在五种有机溶剂中的溶解度测定及关联

研究采用动态法测定常压下费托蜡在正丁醇、乙酸丁酯、正辛烷、石油醚和甲苯溶剂体系中的溶解度.结果表明,费托蜡在5种有机溶剂中的溶解度均随温度升高而增大,且在不同溶剂中费托蜡的溶解度存在较大差异.采用Apelblat方程、多项式方程以及简化的二参数方程关联溶解度数据,关联结果良好,但Apelblat方程、多项式方程的拟合效...     

氯唑沙宗在不同溶剂中溶解度的测定与关联

氯唑沙宗是一种口服有效的中枢性骨骼肌松弛剂,通过固液相平衡实验可为其合成及纯化工艺中溶剂的选择提供基础数据。采用动态平衡法测定了288.15—318.15 K温度范围内氯唑沙宗在甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、二氧六环、乙酸乙酯、四氢呋喃和乙腈中的溶解度。结果表明:氯唑沙宗在这7种溶剂中的溶解度均随温度的升高而增大,其中在四氢呋喃中的溶解度最大、乙腈中最小。采用Apelblat方程、λh方程、NRTL和Wilson模型对溶解度数据进行了关联,数据表明实验中的二元体系的关联结果都较好地与实验值相吻合,对比平均相对标准偏差,Wilson模型(平均RSD=0.69%)的关联结果是4种模型中最佳的。     

Measurement and correlation for solubility of thiourea in different solvents

The solubilities of thiourea in pyridine, PEG‐400, DMSO, and dioxane have been determined from 290.05 to 361.45 K by synthetic method. A solubility model is proposed and the solubilities calculated by the model show a good agreement with experimental data.     

A correlation for hydrogen solubility in alicyclic and aromatic solvents

A correlation for hydrogen solubility in aromatic, alicyclic, and heterocyclic hydrocarbon solvents is presented. This correlation, employing corresponding state theory, provides reliable estimates for hydrogen solubility, in simple and multicomponent solvents, over the temperature interval 0.45 ≤ T_r ≤ 0.97, and for pressures from 0.1 to 30.0 MPa. The correlation was found to have an average absolute error of 5.9% for 14 simple solvents, and 6.8% for 11 multicomponent solvents which include coal liquids and bitumen. Solvent specific coefficients are not employed, and the correlation is well suited for predicting hydrogen solubility in multicomponent ill defned solvents, or in simple solvents where experimental data are unavailable.     

二苯基亚砜在有机溶剂中的溶解度测定和拟合

在温度288.30～334.32 K、常压条件下,采用合成法测定二苯基亚砜在乙醇、乙酸乙酯、甲苯、丙酮、氯仿以及一系列浓度的乙醇-水混合溶剂中的溶解度。实验结果表明,在相同温度下,5种纯溶剂中二苯基亚砜的溶解度大小顺序如下,氯仿 > 丙酮 > 甲苯 > 乙酸乙酯 > 乙醇;乙醇-水混合溶剂中溶解度随着乙醇浓度下降而迅速降低;该溶解过程为吸热熵增过程,且随着溶解Gibbs斯自由能增大,溶解度减小。数据采用改进的Apelblat方程和van’t Hoff方程进行拟合,在乙醇-水混合溶剂中的溶解度数据还采用Jouban-Acree方程拟合。拟合结果与实验数据基本吻合。测定的固液平衡数据可为二苯基亚砜的合成与提纯等过程的溶剂选择提供依据。     

Solubility of 5-mercapto-1-methyltetrazole in pure solvents from (283 to 329) K

The solubility of 5-mercapto-1-methyltetrazole in pure solvents from (283 to 329) K was measured using a laser monitoring observation technique at atmospheric pressure. The solubility data were accurately correlated by a modified Apelblat equation. The calculated results of which are proved to show fine representation of experimental data.     

DIANP在水中溶解度的测定及关联

采用静态平衡法测定了DIANP(1,5–二叠氮基–3–硝基–3–氮杂戊烷)在水中的溶解度。实验结果表明DIANP在水中的溶解度随温度的升高而增加。对DIANP的溶解度数据进行关联,拟合结果良好。     

Use of the empirical slopes approach to predict gas solubility properties in some pure polar solvents and in binary mixtures containing polar solvents

In previous papers^1,2 the theory of Hildebrand and Lamoreaux³ has been developed into the empirical slopes approach. This approach can be used to provide useful predictions of solubility, entropy of solution and related properties for gases in relatively non-polar pure liquids and binary mixtures. It was anticipated¹ that the empirical slopes approach could not be applied to polar solvent systems because the approach is based on regular solution theory,^4,5 which is inapplicable to such systems. In this paper, however, it is shown that the empirical slopes approach can predict the solubility and entropy of solution of gases in polar solvents, and in binary mixtures containing these solvents. The predictions are compared with the experimental values and they are also given for certain gas-pure solvent combinations which have not been studied experimentally. For gas solubilities in the binary mixtures the predictive accuracy and the merits of the empirical slopes approach are compared with those of some other theories.     

缬沙坦在丁酮-异丙醚混合溶剂中溶解度测定及关联

溶解度数据对结晶动力学研究及结晶器优化起到重要作用,利用静态平衡法测定了缬沙坦在丁酮-异丙醚混合溶剂中278.15—323.15 K的溶解度。结果表明:缬沙坦在混合溶剂中的溶解度,随着温度和丁酮摩尔分数的变大而变大,随着异丙醚摩尔分数的变大而变小。采用Modified Apelblat、一般多项式和hybrid方程对溶解度数据进行关联,平均相对偏差分别为0.95%,0.25%,3.64%,其中一般多项式方程关联较好。用van't Hoff分析计算了缬沙坦在溶解过程中的热力学参数(焓变、熵变和吉布斯自由能),表明溶解过程为自发吸热熵驱动过程。     

一氧化碳在苯酚+乙醇中的溶解度测量和关联

The solubility of carbon monoxide in phenol＋ethanol mixed solvents at elevated pressures is reported in this article. The experimental results revealed the influence of pressure on the solubility of CO in phenol＋ethanol mixtures. These mixtures are a poorer solvent for carbon monoxide. The solubility of CO is a linear function of pressure, and the extended Henry＇s constants were presented at different concentrations of phenol. The cubic Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state was used to correlate the experimental gas liquid equilibrium data and to predict the solubility of CO. At the same time, the binary interaction parameters, kO, for CO-phenol, CO-ethanol and phenol-ethanol systems were estimated by fitting experimental GLE data at 303.15 K and at 2.0-9.0 MPa. Hence, a model was suggested for the solubility of CO in phenol＋ethanol mixed solvents. The agreement between experimental and calculated solubilities with the proposed model was rather satisfactory.