山区基站的低成本建设方案

山区基站建设往往呈现成本高、工程量大等特点，文章针对这一现状，提出了山区基站低成本建设方案，从站址规划、载频配置、配套电源等方面作了研究，并阐述了分布式基站在降低成本上的作用及其建设方式。     

高压直流远供在LTE基站设计中的应用指导

随着LTE移动通信技术的发展和全业务经营的开展,分布式基站已成为了网络覆盖建设的主要方式。移动网络建设中分布式组网场景中的电源保障问题对现有的通信电源保障体系提出了新的要求。文中结合应用场景及案例分析阐述了高压直流远供电源系统在移动基站设计中的应用,并从设计角度给出了合理推广的建议。     

直流电源独立远供系统在移动通信基站中的应用探讨

针对移动通信基站建设中本地交流供电困难的基站进行简单分类,分析了电源独立远供系统的性能和特点,以及在分布式基站和光纤拉远基站的应用作了工程量和投资分析,最后对电源独立远供系统在移动通信基站的具体应用提出了指导意见.     

艾默生网络能源信息

艾默生户外一体化电源便捷、高效、节能：随着电信事业的蓬勃发展,一方面,原有基站的建站模式在投资、建设速度等方面的弊端日益明显;另一方面,偏远地区边际网发展迅速、3G网络扩张迅猛等因素导致了户外基站建设加速,户外电源需求增长。如何适应户外基站快速建站的需求,满足电信网络节能减排的需要,则是电源设备提供商和运营商共同面临的新挑战。     

直流远程供电方案在基站建设中的应用

随着通信技术的发展,基站逐渐演进为分布式,网元物理位置更加分散。目前采用的传统就近取电方式以及后备电源供电方式存在许多问题,这些问题严重束缚了分布式网络的发展建设。引入直流远供电源系统能够很好地解决这些问题。     

直流远供在4G分布式基站建设中的应用研究

在移动通信网络快速发展的背景下,随着站址获取难度的加大,分布式基站以其灵活的建设方式在网络建设中发挥着越来越大的作用,从而促使远端设备的电源保障方案显得尤为重要。文章通过对直流远供系统介绍,结合工程实践中的应用总结,探讨直流远供在4G分布式基站建设中的应用。     

中兴推全球首个LTE一体化微站

近日,中兴通讯宣布已于日前推出一体化LTE微站ZXSDRBS8920,这是全球首款实现商用的LTE微基站。与传统分布式基站相比,这款一体化小型基站的设备硬件成本将降低一半。相关配套设施建设成本将降低30％,同时工程安装成本也将随之降低30％。     

灵活小基站在TD-LTE网络中的应用规划

目前中国移动联合各TD-LTE基站厂商已基本完成了分布式宏站、一体化/分布式微站、Femto基站的站型规划工作,后续将在扩大规模试验中,进一步验证除宏蜂窝基站外的TD-LTE系列化小基站站型的实际性能,以推动更多厂商进一步丰富并成熟系列化TD-LTE的小基站站型。     

集中直流远供系统在分布式基站的应用探讨

随着“无缝网络”建设和光纤拉远技术的发展,分布式基站已成为了网络建设的主要形式。传统的电源保障模式已无法满足远端有源通信设备的供电需求。本文以中国移动企标的电压范围（225V～380V可调）为标准,通过对集中直流远供系统在工程实践中的应用总结,就系统在分布式基站的应用方面进行探讨。     

无线基站节能技术研究与应用

根据国家对节能减排的指导建议,文章针对分布式基站、室外一体化基站、基站智能节电三项节能技术展开论述,在详细分析技术原理的基础上,列举典型应用案例,分析节能效应,希望对解决建设条件及投资规模受限的实际工程困难有一定参考作用。     

多输入多输出天线蜂窝系统中的分布式功率控制方法

在蜂窝无线通信系统设计中,基于信号干扰比(SIR)测量的功率控制方法得到广泛的应用。该文提出多输入多输出(MIMO)天线蜂窝系统中的基于SIR测量的分布式功率控制(DPC)方法。该方法通过控制移动台或者基站的发射功率可以达到以下两个目标的其中之一:(1)最小化所有基站或者移动台的平均接收SIR中断概率;(2)在满足目标SIR要求的前提下最小化平均发射功率。数值仿真结果显示,该文提出的DPC方法在低的计算复杂度下,可以达到降低SIR中断概率和减小发射功率的目的。     

Open‐loop power control performance in DS‐CDMA networks with frequency selective fading and non‐stationary base stations

In this paper, we study the performance of a simple and easy‐to‐implement distributed power control strategy applicable to direct sequence code division multiple access (DS‐CDMA) networks. The scheme makes use of the received power measurements made on the forward link at individual mobile units to control the transmit powers on their reverse links. The algorithm, which effectively compensates for the slowly varying distance and shadow losses (due to their high correlation on both forward and reverse links), attempts to minimize the effect of fast multipath fading by averaging it out. We adopt a quasi‐analytic approach to estimate the reverse link capacity performance of an open‐loop power control scheme in both a single cell and a multi‐cell environment, and we do this for both a fixed base station and a moving base station scenario. Non‐stationary base stations are typical in tactical and emergency communications scenarios where the base stations could be mounted on moving platforms (e.g., tanks, jeeps, unmanned airborne vehicles). We estimate the capacity degradation, when base stations move relative to other cells, as a function of the amount of cell overlap and the standard deviation of the power control error. We also provide a comparison of the performance of the open‐loop power control strategy with that of a closed‐loop power control strategy.     

资源受限条件下的大型广场拉远站供电方案

随着移动通信的发展,人们对移动网络的要求持续增高,基站建设的密度越来越大,尤其对于一些面积广阔的大型广场,就需要建设更多的基站满足其无线覆盖的要求。分布式基站的普及,部分解决了基站密度大带来的选址难、建站难问题,但对拉远站的供电却提出了更高的要求。本文通过建设实例,提出了资源受限条件下的大型广场拉远站点的供电方案,并提供了一些可作为参考的具体建设方法。     

Probability distributions for the number of radio transceivers which can communicate with one another

This paper considers points which can communicate with one another and which are uniformly and randomly distributed on the plane, assuming an inverse power law for attenuation and log-normal shadowing. First, a probability distribution is obtained for the distance between a pair of such points. Communication is assumed to be possible if the attenuation of a signal transmitted from one point, say a mobile phone, does not exceed some specified value by the time it reaches the other, say a base station. The probability distribution of the number of base stations which can hear such a signal from a given mobile is found. An example shows how the probability that a mobile is in a handover region between two or more base stations can be evaluated. The analysis is extended to the case where the power law changes at a specified distance from the mobile, and also to consider the effect of an area within the plane containing a greater density of mobiles and/or base stations (a hot spot). A final result gives the conditional distribution for the number of base stations within some specified area of the plane, given the number within some larger area containing that specified area. The results also apply to the number of mobiles within range of a base station and, in an ad hoc network, to the number of nodes within range of a given node.     

An enhanced distributed power control algorithm for mobile femtocells under limited dynamic range and its convergence

This paper presents a distributed power control algorithm for wireless backhaul links of mobile femtocells by using the pilot’s information. Taking into account the limited dynamic range of transmitted powers, the SINR balancing of mobile (vehicular) femto base stations in their home macro base station and the load balancing among the macrocells are achieved by the proposed approach at the cost of exchanging some limited information among both macro and vehicular femto base stations. The algorithm is very beneficial especially in a high load heterogeneous network. Monte Carlo simulation results denote that the mobile femtocells can be uniformly assigned to the macrocells and the SINR balancing is achievable via the proposed scheme.

     

Open‐loop power control performance in DS‐CDMA networks with frequency selective fading and non‐stationary base stations

In this paper, we study the performance of a simple and easy‐to‐implement distributed power control strategy applicable to direct sequence code division multiple access (DS‐CDMA) networks. The scheme makes use of the received power measurements made on the forward link at individual mobile units to control the transmit powers on their reverse links. The algorithm, which effectively compensates for the slowly varying distance and shadow losses (due to their high correlation on both forward and reverse links), attempts to minimize the effect of fast multipath fading by averaging it out. We adopt a quasi‐analytic approach to estimate the reverse link capacity performance of an open‐loop power control scheme in both a single cell and a multi‐cell environment, and we do this for both a fixed base station and a moving base station scenario. Non‐stationary base stations are typical in tactical and emergency communications scenarios where the base stations could be mounted on moving platforms (e.g., tanks, jeeps, unmanned airborne vehicles). We estimate the capacity degradation, when base stations move relative to other cells, as a function of the amount of cell overlap and the standard deviation of the power control error. We also provide a comparison of the performance of the open‐loop power control strategy with that of a closed‐loop power control strategy. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Interference mitigation and avoidance in uplink OFDMA with collaborative distributed intracell scheduling

A distributed collaborative uplink scheduling model in OFDMA systems is extended to a multicell scenario. On the intercell level, the scenarios with and without base station cooperation are investigated. In the cooperative case, base stations collaborate by performing pricing-based power control based on exchanging interference information. In the absence of intercell collaboration, probabilistic transmission is applied in each cell for interference avoidance. Simulations show that the proposed intercell interference mitigation and avoidance schemes lead to enhanced results.     

The convergence of an asynchronous cooperative algorithm fordistributed power control in cellular systems

A new version of the cooperative algorithm is proposed for transmitter power control in mobile cellular systems. It is a distributed algorithm based on the assumption that limited control data communication between neighboring base stations are allowed. Its convergence under asynchronous operation is proved. Numerical results show that it has a higher convergence rate and smaller dynamic range requirement than other algorithms     

On the optimal base-station density for CDMA cellular networks

In this paper, the minimal base-station density for a code-division multiple-access (CDMA) cellular radio network is determined such that the outage probability does not exceed a certain threshold. Base stations are assumed to be located on a regular triangular grid of minimum distance d, while mobiles are randomly distributed according to a two-dimensional Poisson point pattern. Each mobile may be connected to, at most, one of four surrounding base stations, effectively connecting and applying power control to the one with least attenuation. Thus, we model the use of macroscopic selection diversity. We obtain a normal approximation to the total interference power at a reference base station for a correlated log-normal shadowing law. The base station distance we obtain is proportional to the inverse of the square root of the traffic intensity, and we obtain the constant of proportionality, which is itself a function of the minimum acceptable carrier-to-interference (C/I) ratio and the maximum tolerable outage probability. Our formula for this distance can be used in network planning and design.