Ti添加对快淬Pr基永磁合金磁性能与显微结构的影响

采用快淬法制备了Pr基(Nd,Pr)10.5Fe81.5-xTixCo2B6(x=0.0,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0)系列粘结磁体,研究了添加Ti元素对快淬合金显微结构和磁性能的影响。Ti元素能有效细化合金的晶粒,添加3at%Ti的合金,晶粒细化到约70nm,且大小均匀;添加量超过3at%,晶粒进一步细化,但均匀性变差。含Ti3at%的(Nd,Pr)10.5Fe78.5Ti3Co2B6合金,粘结磁体磁性能达到最佳值,Br=0.655T,Hci=681kA/m,(BH)m=68kJ/m3。Ti元素低于3at%,合金晶粒粗大,磁性能较低;超过3at%后,富Ti的晶间相加厚,晶粒间的交换作用和剩磁增强效应减弱,且晶粒大小不均匀,合金的内禀矫顽力虽然增加,但剩磁Br和最大磁能积(BH)m降低。     

Dy元素对纳米复合(Nd,Pr)_(10.5-x)Dy_xFe_(83.5)B_6合金磁性能与显微结构的影响（英文）EI北大核心CSCD

采用快淬法制备了镨基(Nd,Pr)10.5-x Dyx Fe83.5B6(x=0.0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5)系列粘结磁体,研究了Dy元素添加对快淬合金显微组织结构、磁性能及快淬薄带热稳定性的影响。与Nd2Fe14B相比,硬磁相Dy2Fe14B具有较高的磁晶各向异性场HA和较低的饱和磁极化强度Js,因此,Dy元素添加能显著提高合金的内禀矫顽力Hcj,但会降低合金的剩磁Br。Dy元素替代Nd/Pr元素,增强了快淬薄带的热稳定性,提高了晶化退火温度。较高的晶化退火温度,使快淬薄带中已经形成的微晶更容易长大,形成一些粗大晶粒,降低了粘结磁体的磁性能。1.0%是较佳的Dy元素添加量,(Nd,Pr)9.5Dy1Fe83.5B6合金快淬粘结磁体的最大磁能积(BH)max为71.6 k J/m3,剩磁Br为0.638 T,内禀矫顽力Hcj为611 k A/m。     

Magnetic properties of Nd_2Fe_(14)B/α-Fe nanocomposite magnets with yttrium addition

The phase evolution and magnetic properties of Nd9?xYxFe72Ti2Zr2B15 (x = 0,0.5,1,and 2) melt-spun nanocomposite ribbons were studied.It is found that Y addition not only enhances the formability of amorphous phase in the alloy,but also stabilizes the amorphous phase during the annealing treatment.The appropriate content of Y addition effectively enhances the remanence (Jr) of the annealed sample.The residual amorphous intergranular phase in the annealed sample optimizes the squareness of the loop,resulting in an larger maximum energy product (BH)max.The best magnetic properties,Jr = 0.78 T,Hci (coercivity) = 923.4 kA/m,and (BH)max = 98.5 kJ/m3,were obtained from the Nd8YFe72Ti2Zr2B15 ribbon spun at Vs = 4 m/s and annealed at 700°C for 10 min,which is composed of Nd2Fe14B,α-Fe,and amorphous phase.     

Effects of quenching speed and Joule heating on the magnetic properties of Nd9Fe86B5 ribbons

1 IntroductionNanocomposite two-phase magnets are an im-portant type of permanent magnetic materials that have attracted much attention in recent years. Com-bining the high coercive force of the hard magnetic phase and the large saturation magnetization o…     

Crystallization kinetics and magnetization behavior of RE_(3.5)Fe_(66.5)Co_(10)B_(20)(RE=Pr,Nd) nanocomposite ribbons

The influence of hard magnetic phase on the crystallization kinetics and magnetization behavior in nanocomposite RE3.5Fe66.5Co10B20(RE = Pr, Nd) ribbons prepared by melt-spinning was studied. Differential scanning calorimeter(DSC) measurement of the as-cast meltspun amorphous ribbons during the crystallization process shows that precipitation energy of Pr2Fe14 B phase is higher than that for Nd2Fe14 B phase, confirmed by X-ray diffraction(XRD) patterns. It can be explained by the different radii of Pr and Nd atoms. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)images indicate that the average grain size in Pr3.5Fe66.5Co10B20 ribbon is smaller than that in Nd3.5Fe66.5Co10B20,resulting in an enhancement of exchange coupling between hard and soft phases. It is responsible for the better hard magnetic properties in Pr3.5Fe66.5Co10B20. In addition, the process of magnetization reversal of nanocomposite RE3.5Fe66.5Co10B20(RE = Pr, Nd) ribbons was discussed in detail by the recoil loops.     

RE2Fe14B/α-Fe(RE=Nd,Dy,Pr)纳米复合永磁材料的研究

随着稀土含量的增加,快淬薄带矫顽力提高,剩磁降低,当稀土总量为10at%和快淬速度为12 m/s时,快淬薄带的矫顽力可达955 kA/m.当稀土总量为9.5at%时,快淬薄带晶化后的磁性能几乎不受快淬速度的影响.Dy替代部分Nd,提高了快淬薄带的非晶形成能力和热稳定性;经过晶化处理后,快淬薄带的矫顽力明显提高,剩磁略有下降,居里温度提高.Pr替代部分Nd,也提高了快淬薄带的非晶形成能力和热稳定性:经过晶化处理后,快淬薄带的剩磁和矫顽力都有所增加.     

添加元素对稀土粘结磁体退磁曲线方形度的影响

采用快淬法制备镨基(Nd,Pr)10.5(Fe,Co)83.5-xMxB6(M=Zr,Nb,Ti)系列粘结磁体,研究添加Zr、Nb和Ti等元素对快淬合金显微结构和磁性能的影响.(Nd,Pr)10.5(Fe,Co)83.5B6合金中适量添加Zr、Nb和Ti元素能有效细化合金晶粒,获得细小、均匀的晶粒,平均晶粒尺寸为50～70 nm.添加Zr、Nb和Ti元素的粘结磁体,由于晶粒细化和非磁性相对磁畴畴壁钉扎的共同作用,Hk/Hcj值大幅度增加,退磁曲线方形度得到明显改善,磁性能也显著提高.在Zr、Nb和Ti3种元素中,Zr对细化晶粒和提高磁性能的效果最好.含1％Zr(原子分数)的(Nd,Pr)10.5(Fe,Co)82.5Zr1B6合金薄带晶粒细小、均匀,平均尺寸约为60 nm,其粘结磁体退磁曲线方形度最好,Hk/Hcj值达到了39.9％,剩磁Br为0.675 T,内禀矫顽力Hci为616 kA/m,最大磁能积(BH)m为77 kJ/m3.     

Effects of Ti and(or) Cu on microstructures and magnetic properties of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets

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Crystallization behaviour and high coercivity of （Nd,Pr）（13）Fe（80）Nb1B6 melt-spun ribbons

Amorphous (Nd,Pr)13Fe80Nb1B6 ribbons were crystallized at 670-730℃ for 5-25 min to study the effects of isothermal crystallization on their behavior and magnetic properties. XRD results indicate that the isothermal incubation time is 12, 5, and less than 5 min at 670, 700, and 730℃, respectively. High eoercivities, with the maximum value of iHc = 1616 kA/m at 700℃ for 19 min, measured by a physical measurement system, are obtained in the crystallized ribbons. This is mainly attributed to the addition of Pr and Nb, because Pr2Fe14B has a higher anisotropic field than Nd2Fe14B, and Nb enriched in the grain boundary regions can not only reduce the exchange-coupling effects among hard grains, but also impede grain growth during the crystallization process. In addition, it should also be related to the characteristics of the furnace that the authors designed.     

Mn掺杂对快淬NdFeB永磁材料晶格与磁性能的影响

应用DTA、XRD、VSM，EXAFS对快淬Nd9Fe85-xMnxB6(x=0,0.5,1)纳米复合材料磁性能进行了研究。发现少量Mn的掺杂能够显著促进快淬样品的晶化并提高快淬样品的永磁性能，在合适的热处理条件下，得到的最佳矫顽力和剩磁比分别从339．6kA/m(4266.5Oe)和0．70提高到398．2kA/m(5002.5Oe)和0．72，最大磁能积（BH）max从84kJ/m^3(10.5MGOe)提高到88kJ/m^3(11MGOe)。认为永磁性能的提高是由于Mn的掺杂使快淬NdFeB具有更有序的晶体结构。     

Crystallization behavior of melt—spun NdFeB permanent magnets

The crystallization behavior of melt-spun Nd8.5Fe78Co5Cu1Nb1B6.5 ribbons was investigated using dynamic differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and X-ray diffractometry(XRD).It was found that the as-spun ribbons crystallize in two steps:at first the Nd3Fe62B14 α-Fe phases are formed and subsequently Nd3Fe62B4 transformed to Nd2Fe14B and α-Fe upon heating above 680℃.The effective activation energy of two crystallization peaks are 332.0kJ/mol and 470.5kJ/mol,respectively,As the wheel speed increases,the magnetic properties of the magnet change obviously,When the wheel speed is 18m/s,the best magnetic properties of the magnet was obtained after the sample was annealed at 690℃ for 8 min:Br=0.74T,iHc=421.7kA/m,(BH)max=64.5kJ/m^3.     

Microstructural characteristics of Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe nanocomposite ribbons bearing Nb element

The effects of Nb on the microstructure and magnetic properties of (Nd0.9Dy0.1)9.5Fe79-xCo5NbxB6.5(x=0, 1) nanocomposite magnets were investigated. A fine and uniform microstructure was achieved for the ribbons annealed at 710℃ for 4min, enhancing the interaction coupling between grains and improving the magnetic properties. The results of three-dimensional atom probe (3DAP) indicated that Fe-Nb-B inter granular phase existed at the grain boundaries, suppressing the grain growth during the crystallization process. The coercivity was improved from 224 to 643 kA/m for the modification of the microstructure.     

快淬速度对纳米晶复合Nd_(8.5)Dy_1Fe_(76)Co_5Zr_3B_(6.5)永磁材料磁性能和微观结构的影响

采用熔体快淬和随后的退火处理制备了Nd_(8.5)Dy_1Fe_(76)Co_5Zr_3B_(6.5)纳米晶复合永磁合金,研究了快淬速度对合金磁性能和微观结构的影响。随着快淬速度的增加,合金的磁性能呈现先升高再下降的趋势,当快淬速度为15 m/s时,合金有最佳的磁性能,B_r=0.70 T,H_(cj)=706.05 kA/m,(BH)_(max)=74.54 kJ/m~3。透射电镜的分析结果表明:合金的晶粒分布均匀,晶粒尺寸约为20 nm。三维原子探针的结果显示Zr元素在硬磁相Nd_2Fe_(14)B的晶界处富集,起到了抑制晶粒长大、细化晶粒的作用,从而提高了材料的磁性能。     

放电等离子烧结-热变形技术制备NdFeB永磁材料

采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)方法烧结HDDRNdFeB粉末,研究烧结温度对制备NdFeB永磁材料密度和磁性能的影响。随着烧结温度在650～900℃范围内升高,剩磁、内禀矫顽力及最大磁能积均呈现先升后降的趋势。800℃烧结所获得磁体的磁性能最佳:Br=0.78T,Hcj=577kA/m,(BH)max=78kJ/m3,其致密度达到了99%。微观组织、XRD图谱及磁性能均表明800℃烧结的磁体出现了一定程度的各向异性。900℃烧结时,晶粒长大明显。进而选择具有最佳磁性能的磁体在800℃进行热变形(HD)处理,制备出各向异性磁体。热变形制备的磁体中,大部分晶粒为扁平片状且c轴取向与热压方向一致;少量异常长大晶粒会使细小Nd2Fe14B晶粒的c轴偏离压力方向。各向异性磁体沿c轴的磁性能为:Br=1.09T,Hcj=384kA/m,(BH)max=114kJ/m3。     

Fe73.5Cu1Nb3-xTixSi13.5B9 (x=0, 1, 2, 3)合金粉的结构与磁性

将Fe73.5Cu1Nb3-xTixSi13.5B9(x=0,1,2,3)合金快淬带进行高能球磨制成粉末样品,在550℃真空退火1h,研究了磁粉的相结构及磁性。结果表明,随球磨时间延长,不添加Ti的Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9合金中析出晶化相的晶格常数增大。添加Ti的Fe73.5Cu1Nb3-xTixSi13.5B9(x=0,1,2,3)合金在球磨60h后再退火,可以得到单一α-Fe(Si)软磁相,且随Ti含量增大,析出晶化相的晶格常数减小,饱和磁化强度增大、矫顽力降低。     

熔体温度对快淬法制备纳米晶复合Nd_(8.5)Fe_(77)Co_5Zr_3B_(6.5)合金微观结构和磁性能的影响

将Nd_(8.5)Fe_(77)Co_5Zr_3B_(6.5)(at%)合金熔化至不同温度后,以18 m/s的甩带速度快淬,对淬态条带进行了退火处理,分析了其微观结构和磁性能的变化。结果表明,熔体温度对淬态及其退火态合金的微观结构和磁性能可以产生重要影响,熔体温度为1210℃时制备的快淬条带由Nd_2Fe_(14)B相和部分非晶相组成,具有一定的硬磁性;随着快淬时熔体温度的升高,淬态条带中非晶相的质量分数逐渐增加,其磁性逐渐转变为软磁性。几种合金经退火处理后均由大量Nd_2Fe_(14)B相与少量软磁相组成,熔体温度较低的合金退火后其晶粒尺寸较小,磁性能较好。熔体温度为1210℃时制备的合金退火后磁性能最佳,内禀矫顽力Hci为559.2 kA/m,剩余磁化强度Br为0.98 T,最大磁能积(BH)_(max)为127.8 kJ/m~3。     

Nd9（Fe，In）85B6纳米复相永磁材料的结构与磁性能研究

用熔体快淬法制备了纳米复相结构Nd9Fe85-xB6Inx永磁体，利用XRD和VSM等方法研究了In掺杂和热处理温度对其磁性能的影响。结果表明，在磁体Nd9Fe85-xB6Inx中In掺杂可以提高其矫顽力和剩磁比，可改善磁体磁滞回线矩形度；有助于改善磁体Nd9Fe85-xB6Inx的热处理性能。在Nd9Fe85-xB6Inx中，不掺杂In和掺杂In为0．5mol％时，具有最佳的矫顽力和磁能积，其值分别为465kA／m和145kJ／m^3。     

快淬Fe3B／Nd2Fe14B永磁材料晶化行为及磁性能的研究

利用熔体快淬和晶化处理的方法制备了快淬Fe3B／Nd2Fe14B永磁材料。采用XRD，DTA，VSM等方法对合金的晶化行为和磁性能进行研究。结果表明：对于Fe3B／Nd2Fe14B熔体快淬永磁粉末，升温速率对各相的析出和分解温度有一定的影响。完全过淬的Nd4.5Fe77B18.5和Nd4Fe77Cr0.5B18.5合金熔体快淬粉在进行973K，7min晶化处理过程中，首先形成Nd2Fe23B3相，然后Nd2Fe23B3相发生分解，其产物为Fe3B／Nd2Fe14B，此后再没有发生其它的相转变。当晶化温度大于953K，保温10min后，样品的剩磁、矫顽力和最大磁能积明显提高。微量元素Cr的添加对相转变温度有影响，同时可以细化晶粒，提高矫顽力，从而改善材料的永磁性能。     

Nanocrystalline Nd2Fe14B／α—Fe permanent magnet

Nd8.5Fe75Co5Cu1Zr3Nb1B6.5bonded magnet was prepared by melt-spinning(vs=18m/s)and subsequent heat treatment(670℃，4min).Excellent magnetic properties of the bonded magnet were achieved:Br=0.68T,iHc=620.3kA/m,(BH)max=74kJ/m^3.The addition of Cu and Zr elements shows to be advantageous in improving an intrinsic coercivity and squareness of hysteresis loop,as well as energy product.In has a remarkable remanence enhancement and the isotropic saturation remanence ratio Mr/Ms is 0.83.     

Nd含量对高Zr含量纳米双相NdxFe90.5-xZr3.0B6.5合金微结构和磁性能的影响

采用电弧炉快淬和晶化退火工艺制备高性能NdxFe90.5-xZr3.0B6.5（F8．5=11．5）快淬磁体。结果表明，Zr的添加显著提高磁体的磁性能，Nd含量可以明显提高磁体的磁性能，X由8．5增加到10．5时，NdxFe90.5-xZr3.0B6.5磁体的磁能积由75kJ／m^3升高到114kJ／m^3，接近于美国Magnequench公司的MQP-B磁粉性能。