双氧水氧化环己烯反应液有机相精馏分离提纯研究

针对无溶剂法双氧水氧化环己烯合成环氧环己烷的有机相反应液,本文采用常压连续精馏的方法对其进行了分离纯化,并得到了精馏回收环己烯和环氧环己烷的较佳工艺条件。实验考察了精馏过程中影响回收环己烯和环氧环己烷纯度和回收率的各种因素,优化得到了较佳的精馏操作条件。实验结果表明,在优化精馏操作条件下,环己烯和环氧环己烷的纯度都达99%以上,收率分别为90.56%和83.41%。为双氧水氧化环己烯合成环氧环己烷工业化生产分离工艺和工程设计提供实验基础。     

Aspen Plus在煤焦油复杂组分精馏中的应用

在制备净化煤焦油沥青的过程中,净化沥青和轻质油组分的精馏分离是关键步骤之一。通过对组分的合理简化,用Aspen Plus对这一复杂组分精馏过程进行模拟,为试验及设计提供参考。     

环己酮精馏轻馏分与汽油掺合作汽车动力燃料

环己酮精馏轻馏分(以下简称轻质油)是己内酰胺生产中的付产物。其主要成份是环己酮、环己烷、环己烯等。由于成份复杂,长期以来未能获得工业使用价值,我们利用轻质油与汽油掺合代替普通汽油作汽车动力燃料,进行了试验,取得了较好的效果。     

环己醇精馏残液催化加氢分离二环己基醚工艺研究

针对环己醇精馏残液中各组分沸点相近,常规分离方法分离难度大等技术问题,采用催化加氢的方法将环己醇精馏残液中的3-环己基环己烯、1-环己基环己烯和环己亚基环己烷还原为双环己烷,扩大分离组分间的沸点差,经减压精馏分离,得到高纯度的双环己烷和二环己基醚。以Pd/C为催化剂,通过对比实验获得了环己醇精馏残液中的3-环己基环己烯、1-环己基环己烯和环己亚基环己烷催化加氢转化为双环己烷的最佳工艺条件：反应温度120℃、反应压力4 MPa、反应时间4 h、搅拌速度550 r/min、Pd/C催化剂用量为物料质量的0.4%,原料转化率为98.7%,双环己烷的选择性大于99.5%;经减压精馏分离后,双环己烷和二环己基醚的纯度大于99.5%。     

从抽余油中分离甲基环戊烷

研究了从芳烃抽余油中分离甲基环戊烷的方法和流程,首先用Aspen Plus软件模拟了精馏法提取甲基环戊烷的分离结果。通过模拟计算得到了最优的设计参数、操作条件、各塔冷凝器、再沸器的热负荷。在此基础上,还模拟了用甲醇作共沸剂共沸精馏分离得到甲基环戊烷的结果,获得了最优的设计参数和操作条件。     

环己烷氧化时副产的综合利用

环己烷氧化时副产物（轻质油）中含有一些重要的有机化工原料，其中含正戊醇25－30％，氧化环己烯26－33％。采用合成的方法将它们分开，具有很高的经济效益和社会效益。本文概括了轻质油的性质、组成、以及从中回收正戊醇和氧化环己烯的工业方法。介绍了这两种产品良好的市场应用前景。     

普通精馏从芳烃抽余油中分离环戊烷

首先采用Aspen Plus软件模拟了普通精馏分离获得99%(质量分数)以上的环戊烷的流程,利用其灵敏度分析工具,对物料的理论塔板数、进料位置、塔顶采出率和回流比进行了分析,确定了最优的设计参数,获得了脱重塔(B2塔)上各理论板的气液负荷和气液组成分布图.然后在模拟结果的基础上,以芳烃抽余油为原料,通过普通精馏实验得到了98%(质量分数)的环戊烷.模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好,可为精馏塔设计及工业生产提供参考数据.     

2.5-二甲氧基溴苯精馏提纯工艺研究

采用真空间歇精馏技术对含有原料的2.5-二甲氧基溴苯进行了精馏分离研究,通过调整精馏温度、压力和回流比,确定了适宜的操作温度范围和操作方式,并得到了合格的产品及稳定的收率.     

环戊烷/2.2-甲基丁烷萃取精馏技术开发

以大庆油田化工集团生产的环戊烷产品为研究对象,通过软件计算和实验数据比较,筛选出环戊烷/2,2-甲基丁烷萃取精馏溶剂DMF和SRKM热力学模型,采用SRKM热力学模型和PRO/II8.0等软件,开发出了剂油比为6的3000t.a-1环戊烷萃取精馏分离的工艺,环戊烷产品纯度不低于99.2%。     

Research on distillation of heat-sensitive epoxycyclohexane

针对无溶剂法双氧水氧化环己烯合成环氧环己烷的油相反应液,采用常压精馏的方法对其进行了分离纯化,并得到了常压精馏操作的较佳工艺条件。在此工艺条件下,环氧环己烷的纯度和单程收率分别达到99.59%和85.87%,对常压精馏后的塔釜高沸点残留物进行减压精馏回收后,环氧环己烷总收率可以达90%以上,为其工业化生产提供重要的实验依据。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.