鼻窦球囊导管扩张术联合纤维鼻咽喉镜治疗鼻窦囊肿

目的 评价鼻内镜鼻窦手术和鼻窦球囊导管扩张术联合纤维鼻咽喉镜治疗鼻窦囊肿的疗效。方法 分析14例(19个上颌窦,3个额窦)应用鼻窦球囊导管扩张术联合纤维鼻咽喉镜手术切除鼻窦囊肿(球囊组)和16例(23个上颌窦,8个额窦)采用常规鼻内镜鼻窦手术方式切除鼻窦囊肿(常规组)病例的临床资料。依视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale, VAS)记录手术难度评分和手术时间。手术前后均行鼻内镜检查、冠状位鼻窦CT检查,采用Lund-Kennedy内镜和Lund-Mackay鼻窦CT评分系统评价预后。结果 球囊组手术难度高于常规组,手术时间也较长,两组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。术后观察8、24周, 鼻内镜检查见窦口通畅,Lund-Kennedy内镜和Lund-Mackay鼻窦CT评分结果显示,所有病例术腔恢复良好,术后鼻窦CT影像示改善明显,但两组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 球囊组与常规组行鼻窦囊肿手术可获得同-良好的疗效。球囊组的手术方式能够保留鼻腔鼻窦的正常结构,手术微创。由于纤维鼻咽喉镜手术器械的限制,手术难度较常规组高,手术时间较长。     

鼻窦球囊导管扩张术的远期疗效分析

目的 评估鼻窦球囊导管扩张术的安全性和有效性.方法 应用鼻窦球囊导管扩张术治疗48例(94侧)慢性鼻窦炎伴或不伴鼻息肉以及霉菌性鼻窦炎和鼻窦囊肿患者,随访1年、2年,分析手术前后鼻内镜检查、冠状位鼻窦CT检查结果,用Lund-Kennedy内镜和Lund-Mackay鼻窦CT评分系统评分观察手术效果,以SNOT-20调查表评价预后.结果 患者主观症状均有不同程度改善,SNOT-20评分表中各项与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).鼻内镜检查见窦口通畅,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),7例(8侧)窦口肿胀、狭窄可在术后随访过程重新扩大处理.1例出现眶周淤斑,无颅底和眼眶等严重并发症.结论 鼻窦球囊导管扩张术操作简便,能有效解除窦口阻塞,同时能够保留鼻腔鼻窦的正常结构,手术微创,出血少,安全有效.鼻内镜检查和鼻窦CT客观上反映了手术的良好转归.对合适的伴或不伴鼻息肉的鼻窦炎病例,可单独应用鼻窦球囊导管扩张术或联合标准的鼻内镜鼻窦手术.     

鼻窦球囊导管扩张术治疗慢性额窦炎

目的 评估鼻窦球囊导管扩张术治疗慢性额窦炎的安全性和有效性。方法 前瞻性分析14例(21侧)慢性额窦炎患者的临床资料,术前行冠状位鼻窦CT判定额隐窝开口位置,指导手术操作。采用SNOT 20调查表评价预后。结果 术后随访观察48周,患者主观症状均有不同程度改善,鼻内镜检查见额窦口开放良好,术腔完全上皮化12例(19侧),窦口周围黏膜水肿息肉样变,窦口狭窄2例(3侧)。术后无脑脊液鼻漏、视力改变、复视等严重并发症。SNOT 20评分显示,术后24周和48周得分较术前基线分数有明显改善(1.08 vs 2.28, P＜0.001;1.17 vs 2.28, P＜0.001)。结论 鼻窦球囊导管扩张术操作安全,能有效缓解窦口阻塞情况,且效果持久。患者术后症状较术前有明显改善,患者对手术效果满意。     

儿童慢性鼻窦炎的外科治疗研究进展

近年来,儿童慢性鼻窦炎(CRS)越来越受到耳鼻咽喉科医生的重视。临床上,有一部分儿童CRS患者经过规范的药物治疗(不少于12周)后症状仍难以改善,甚至加重,或是经常复发,导致治疗失败。大量的临床实践表明,儿童鼻窦FESS手术可以取得比较满意的临床疗效,但仍有医师对儿童鼻窦FESS手术治疗存在质疑。鼻窦球囊扩张术治疗慢性鼻窦炎于2005年被引入耳鼻咽喉科。在过去的十几年里,有充分的证据支持它在治疗成人慢性鼻窦炎(CRS)方面的安全性和有效性。鼻窦球囊扩张术手术过程中不去除骨质,保留大部分或全部鼻窦黏膜,以极低的风险恢复鼻窦的通气,这样微创的方式适用于儿童。本文将对儿童慢性鼻窦炎外科治疗的相关研究进展做一综述。     

Long-term follow-up after ESS and balloon sinuplasty: Comparison of symptom reduction and patient satisfaction

Conclusion This is the first controlled study of balloon sinuplasty’s long-term efficacy with the follow-up time over 5 years. The results are in accordance with a previous 2-year-follow-up study. Both techniques retained the efficacy and patient satisfaction on average 6 years after the surgery.

Background Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and balloon sinuplasty are considered as a treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) after a failure of conservative therapy. High cost and lack of long-term follow-up studies restrain the use of balloon sinuplasty.

Objective The aim of this study was to compare long-term efficacy and satisfaction in CRS patients who had undergone maxillary sinus operation with either balloon sinuplasty or ESS technique. Previous or additional sinonasal operations were exclusion criteria.

Materials and methods Study patients were recruited from 208 CRS-patients who underwent either ESS or balloon sinuplasty. Patients with nasal polyposis (gradus ≥?2), previous sinonasal surgery, unilateral disease, or immune deficiency were excluded. Altogether 45 patients in the ESS group and 40 patients in the balloon group were included. Of these, 30 and 28, respectively, answered to a phone interview held on average 6 years after primary surgery. Symptom reduction and long-term satisfaction were evaluated by using symptom scores of 19 parameters altogether.

Results Both groups experienced improvement in symptoms and were equally satisfied with the operation. The number of patient-reported acute exacerbations was higher among the balloon dilated patients. Also, the reduction of thick nasal discharge was less evident in the balloon sinuplasty group. Four patients in the balloon sinuplasty group underwent revision surgery. There were no revisions in the ESS group.     

孤立性蝶窦病变误诊分析

目的提高对孤立性蝶窦病变的诊断水平,降低该病的误诊率。方法回顾1991～1998年12例孤立性蝶窦病变的病例,分析其误诊因素。结果12例患者中9例为蝶窦炎性病变,其中5例首诊时曾误诊。误诊病种包括视神经炎2例,神经痛、肺结核和癫痫各1例;3例为蝶窦恶性肿瘤,首诊时均曾误诊,误诊疾病分别为鼻窦炎、眼部炎症及鼻出血。结论孤立性蝶窦病变并非罕见,但临床症状无特征性表现,医师对该病认识不足是导致误诊的主要原因。CT与磁共振成像（magnetic resonance     

鼻内镜治疗额、筛窦囊肿的临床分析

目的比较鼻内镜手术和鼻内镜与鼻外联合进路手术治疗额、筛窦黏液囊肿的疗效。方法37例鼻内镜手术和鼻内镜与鼻外联合进路治疗额、筛窦黏液囊肿患者及随访14个月～3年，比较两种术式的治疗效果。结果26例采用鼻内镜手术，11例采用鼻内镜与鼻外联合进路，均能够较好暴露术野，术后囊腔得到充分引流；34例获得满意疗效，无严重并发症发生。结论鼻内镜手术是治疗额、筛窦黏液囊肿安全的有效方法。     

Comparison of intra-operative characteristics and early post-operative outcomes between endoscopic sinus surgery and balloon sinuplasty

Conclusion: In terms of operation time, anesthesia method, and low complication rate, ESS and balloon sinuplasty seemed comparable. The advantages of balloon sinuplasty were shown to be shortness of sick leave, possibility to be performed as an in-office procedure, and lower adhesion formation.

Background: Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) has been considered as a treatment of choice for persistent chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). During the last decade balloon sinuplasty has been introduced as an alternative technique to dilate the ostium. Although balloon sinuplasty is considered relatively safe and efficient, comparative evidence of its putative intra-operative and post-operative advantages remain limited.

Objectives: The aim of this retrospective controlled study was to evaluate intra-operative factors and early post-operative outcomes among CRS patients who had undergone maxillary sinus operation with either balloon sinuplasty or ESS technique.

Materials and methods: Data were collected from 208 patients with CRS treated either with ESS or balloon sinuplasty during the years 2008–2010. Intra- and peri-operative factors were collected from patient records of the patients who met the inclusion criteria (n?=?39 in ESS group and n?=?36 in balloon sinuplasty group).

Results: There was no significant difference in operation time and anesthesia method between the two groups. No complications occurred with either technique. All ESS procedures and 67% of the balloon sinuplasty procedures were done in the hospital setting, whereas 33% of the balloon sinuplasty procedures were done in the office setting. The duration of sick leave and the number of patients with adhesions were significantly higher in the ESS group compared to the balloon sinuplasty group.     

Surgical Management of Rhinosinusitis in Onco-Hematological Patients

Objectives

In onco-hematological diseases, the incidence of paranasal sinuses infection dramatically increase and requires a combination of medical and surgical therapy. Balloon dilatation surgery (DS) is a minimally invasive, tissue preserving procedure. The study evaluates the results of DS for rhinosinusitis in immunocompromised patients.

Methods

A retrospective chart review was conducted in 110 hematologic patients with rhinosinusitis. Twenty-five patients were treated with DS technique and 85 patients with endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). We considered the type of anesthesia and the extent of intra- and postoperative bleeding. Patients underwent Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-20) to evaluate changes in subjective symptoms and global patient assessment (GPA) questionnaire to value patient satisfaction.

Results

Local anesthesia was employed in 8 cases of DS and in 15 of ESS. In 50 ESS patients, an anterior nasal packing was placed and in 12 cases a repacking was necessary. In the DS group, nasal packing was required in 8 cases and in 2 cases a repacking was placed (P=0.019 and P=0.422, respectively). The SNOT-20 change score showed significant improvement of health status in both groups. However the DS group showed a major improvement in 3 voices: need to blow nose, runny nose, and facial pain/pressure. The 3-month follow-up GPA questionnaire showed an higher satisfaction of DS group.

Conclusion

Balloon DS represents a potentially low aggressive treatment and appears to be relatively safe and effective in onco-hematologic patients. All these remarks may lead the surgeon to consider a larger number of candidates for surgical procedure.     

Important clinical symptoms in patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence and severity of individual Rhinosinusitis Task Force (RSTF) symptoms in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). METHODS: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data in 201 patients treated with FESS. The prevalence and severity of individual RSTF major and minor symptom scores graded on a visual analogue scale (VAS) were compared. Correlation between absolute improvement in individual symptom scores at 1-year postoperative was performed. RESULTS: One-hundred fifty-eight of 201 patients met inclusion criteria giving a response rate of 78%. The average age was 49.4 (range 18-80) with a male-to-female ratio of 1.1:1. The preoperative leading mean symptom scores were postnasal drip (5.8 +/- 0.3), nasal obstruction (5.7 +/- 0.3), and facial congestion (5.1 +/- 0.3). These symptoms were also the most prevalent with 82%, 84%, and 79% of patients reporting these symptoms, respectively. Postoperative symptom improvements were significant (P < .0001) across all RSTF domains except fever. The highest percentage improvement was seen with facial congestion (93%), nasal obstruction (92%), and postnasal drip (85%). Multivariate analysis revealed significant (P < .0001) high correlation between improvements of facial pain/pressure with facial congestion (R = 0.72), facial congestion with nasal obstruction (R = 0.65), and facial pain/pressure with headache (R = 0.72). CONCLUSION: The top three RSTF symptoms were postnasal drip, nasal obstruction, and facial congestion in terms of prevalence and severity. Symptom scores improved after FESS. Of these symptoms, the degree of improvement of facial pain/pressure, facial congestion, nasal obstruction, and headache are highly correlated.     

嗜酸性粒细胞与非嗜酸性粒细胞慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者鼻窦CT特征比较

目的 探讨嗜酸性粒细胞慢性鼻-鼻窦炎(ECRS)患者与非嗜酸性粒细胞慢性鼻-鼻窦炎(NECRS)患者鼻窦CT特征。 方法 纳入2015年10月~2021年6月于武汉大学人民医院进行手术治疗的1 010例慢性鼻-鼻窦炎(CRS)患者作为研究对象,根据组织嗜酸性粒细胞与炎性细胞数量比值(Eos%)≥10%将患者分为ECRS组(n=458)和NECRS组(n=552)。对两组患者Lund Mackay评分、鼻窦累及率和鼻窦病变类型进行差异分析,并探讨不同年龄段ECRS和NECRS组的Lund Mackay评分和鼻窦病变类型是否存在差异及筛窦与上颌窦评分比值(E/M)在预测ECRS中的价值。 结果 ECRS组前组筛窦、后组筛窦、额窦、蝶窦、窦口鼻道复合体(OMC)和总分评分均高于NECRS(P<0.01),而上颌窦评分低于NECRS组(P<0.01);ECRS组前组筛窦、后组筛窦、蝶窦和额窦的累及率也高于NECRS组;ECRS组(P=0.786)和NECRS组(P=0.634)在不同年龄段的评分无明显差异;全组鼻窦炎、筛窦为主和非筛窦为主三种CRS类型在ECRS和NECRS组占比依次为:39.08%、37.24%、23.58%和26.45%、8.88%、64.67%;成年患者随着年龄增长,全组鼻窦炎在ECRS中占比逐渐增高(P=0.04)。以E/M>2为截断值时,其预测所有患者ECRS的AUC为0.67,而预测非全组鼻窦炎的AUC为0.75。 结论 (1) ECRS的筛窦、额窦和蝶窦病变程度较NECRS重,而上颌窦病变较NECRS轻,筛窦、蝶窦和额窦也较NECRS易受累;(2) ECRS以筛窦病变为主和全组鼻窦炎为主,而NECRS则主要表现为非筛窦为主的病变和全组鼻窦炎;(3) 随着年龄增加,成年ECRS患者患全组鼻窦炎比例更高;(4) E/M>2对全组鼻窦炎ECRS预测价值有限。     

鼻内窥镜下蝶筛区域手术51例临床分析

目的:探讨蝶筛区域病变的特点,提高对本病的诊断及治疗水平。方法:经鼻内窥镜行蝶筛区域手术51例,41例蝶筛窦同时受累者采用经筛窦进路,10例孤立性蝶窦病变采用经鼻腔进路。结果:均无大量出血及其它严重并发症。随访6～36个月,48例痊愈,3例复发,经再次手术后痊愈。结论:蝶筛区域位置隐蔽,早期无特征性症状,易被临床医师忽视。CT检查对本病有较大价值,且对手术具有指导作用;经鼻内窥镜对蝶筛区域病变进行手术治疗,具有创伤少,痛苦小,面部不遗留瘢痕的优点。     

鼻内镜下蝶窦手术21例

目的 :探讨鼻内镜下治疗蝶窦良性病变的疗效和手术体会。方法 :2 1例患者在鼻内镜下进行鼻腔 蝶窦手术 ,其中全身麻醉 2例 ,局部麻醉辅以强化麻醉 19例。结果 :随访 3个月～ 4年。 2 0例痊愈 ,1例出现窦口闭锁 ,行再次手术开放 ,无一例出现严重并发症。结论 :局部麻醉鼻内镜下蝶窦手术具有视野清楚、损伤小、出血少、痛苦小等优点 ,是一种安全、有效的手术方式     

额窦成骨肉瘤1例并文献复习

目的：探讨额窦成骨肉瘤的病因,临床及影像学表现,治疗方法。方法：对1例以反复鼻出血及眶上胀痛为主诉,鼻窦CT表现为额窦内占位及窦壁骨质破坏,经2次鼻内镜手术探查及病理活检确诊为额窦成骨肉瘤的患者,行扩大右鼻侧切开术,术后行化疗及放疗。结果：随访1年9个月未见复发和转移。结论：额窦成骨肉瘤易漏诊,误诊,诊断需结合鼻窦CT,病理及鼻内镜探查等检查,治疗需根治性手术切除结合术后化疗,放疗。