低渗透油藏压裂水平井产能计算新方法

应用复位势理论和势的叠加原理,推导出考虑裂缝与水平段同时生产的油层中渗流模型;应用流体力学理论、质量守恒定理和动量定理,推导出考虑水平井简沿程油层流体流入和裂缝流体流入的井筒内压降计算模型.在此基础上建立了油层中渗流和井筒内管流耦合的产能模型,并给出其求解方法.实例计算结果与实验结果对比表明,进行压裂水平井生产动态分析时,不能忽略水平井筒沿程油层流体流入的影响;水平井筒内的压力降对产量有一定的影响,水平井筒长度存在最优范围;各条裂缝产量不相等,裂缝条数存在最优范围.     

射孔水平井孔眼分布优化研究

利用油藏流体渗流模型和水平井筒内流体流动模型 ,推导出了油藏井筒流体流动耦合模型 ,在该模型中考虑了两种流动的相互作用和影响。建立了以水平井产量为目标函数、以孔眼分布为决策变量的优化模型 ,将其计算结果与均匀流入剖面、均匀射孔分布的结果进行了对比。由于优化模型中考虑了水平井筒内变质量流的影响 ,从而可为现场水平井的优化设计提供理论依据。     

水平井生产特性及孔眼密度优化分析

建立了考虑油藏流入影响的水平井筒水平段流动模型 ,在给定边界条件下对模型进行了数值求解 ,得到了水平井筒沿程压力分布和流入剖面。推导了均匀流入时压力剖面、单位长度生产指数剖面以及沿水平段的孔眼分布方程 ,并用一个实例计算了在给定井产量和水平段长度时所需要的生产压差。计算结果表明 ,由于井筒中压降的存在 ,油井产量不能随水平段长度的增加而无限增加     

水平井生产特性及孔眼密度优化分析

建立了考虑油藏流入影响的水平井筒水平段流动模型,在给定边界条件下对模型进行了数值求解,得到了水平井筒沿程压力分布和流入剖面。推导了均匀流入时压力剖面、单位长度生产指数剖面以及沿水平段的孔眼分布方程,并用一个实例计算了在给定井产量和水平段长度时所需要的生产压差。计算结果表明,由于井筒中压降的存在,油井产量不能随水平段长度的增加而无限增加。     

射孔水平井孔眼分布优化研究

利用油藏流体模型和水平井筒内流体流动模型，推导出了油藏－井筒流体流动耦合模型，在该模型中考虑了两种流动的相互作用和影响。建立了以水平井产量为目标函数、以孔眼分布为决策变量的优化模型，将其计算结果与均匀流入剖面、均匀射孔分布的结果进行了对比。由于优化模型中考虑了水平井筒内变质量流的影响，从而可为现场水平井的优化设计提供理论依据。     

分段压裂水平气井产能数值模型建立

随着水平井分段压裂技术在致密气藏开发中广泛应用,压裂后产能的预测对开发此类气藏具有重要意义。应用复位势理论和势叠加原理等基本渗流理论,结合水平井压后裂缝形态和单相气体渗流机理,推导出考虑水平井筒内压降损失时的产能预测新模型。模型综合考虑了多条裂缝间的相互干扰和各条裂缝的长度、缝宽、导流能力、缝间距对各条裂缝产量的影响以及水平井筒内压降损失对产能的影响,建立了考虑多因素的水平气井产能数值模型。编制了模拟计算软件。并以长庆油田某致密气藏区块为例进行了裂缝方案优化设计。研究成果对于低渗致密气藏井网部署及开发方案编制具有一定的指导意义。     

水平井筒压降及其对产能影响的研究

根据水平井筒变质量流动特点,建立了水平井筒压力梯度模型,讨论了几种计算井筒压力降的方法.由于沿水平井筒段的压力变化直接影响油藏中的流体沿井筒生产段的流入,引入了考虑井筒压降时水平井产量的估算模型,并针对井筒为无限导流时的产能计算,计算了考虑井筒压降对水平井生产动态的影响.所得结果可为准确估算水平井产量以及合理预测水平井的生产动态提供理论依据.     

水平井筒流体变质量流动压力梯度模型

建立了水平井筒油藏流体从管壁流入时孔眼段流体压力梯度模型 ,讨论了井筒有效管壁摩擦系数对流体压力梯度的影响。在此基础上 ,建立了同时考虑井筒流体流动和油藏渗流的井筒油藏耦合模型 ,该模型将Dikken模型中沿整个水平段单位长度生产指数为常数的假定进行了推广。在给定条件下对压力降模型进行了讨论 ,计算了单个孔眼段的压力损失。计算结果表明 ,水平井段较长或产量较高时 ,水平段流体压力降比较明显。     

水平井筒流体质量流动压力梯度模型

建立了水平井筒油藏流体从管壁流入时孔眼段流体压力梯度模型。讨论了井筒有效管壁摩擦系数对流体压力梯度的影响,在此基础上,建立了同时考虑井筒流体流动和油藏渗流的井筒-油藏耦合模型。该模型将Dikken模型中沿整个水平段单位长度生产指数为常数的假定进行了推广,在给定条件下对压力降模型进行了讨论。计算了单个孔眼段的压力损失。计算结果表明,水平井段较长或产量较高时。水平段流体压力降比较明显。     

多元热流体吞吐水平井热参数和加热半径计算

多元热流体吞吐已成为海上稠油的主要热采方式。为优化注入参数,对水平井井筒沿程热力参数和加热半径进行预测。考虑井筒流动与油层渗流的耦合,建立水平段井筒中多元热流体流动和换热的数学模型。计算多元热流体水平段沿程压力、干度和加热半径分布,分析气体含量、注入速度等因素的影响。结果表明:在注入过程中,水平段沿程压力和蒸汽干度逐渐下降,加热半径呈先下降后上升的"U"型变化;保持其他条件不变,适当降低非凝结气体含量、增大注入流量,有助于扩大加热范围。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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