一种PCM遥测同步解调器的设计

本文设计了一种用于PCM遥测的同步解调器 ,提出了针对瞬态过程PCM遥测解调数据的采集策略 ,利用缓冲PAM从连续不断的PCM码流中捕捉到瞬态过程。并用FPGA技术实现码同步器和帧同步器 ,使整个遥测解调器在单板PC插卡上实现并具有较低的成本 ,该方案用于 4MHz码速率的数据解调。用Labwindows/CVI编制了虚拟仪器面板 ,完成对硬件的控制和瞬态多路解调数据的曲线显示、处理和存储等功能     

基于DDS的PCM数字信号源设计与实现*

针对传统的数字信号源存在码速率单一不灵活可调的缺点,设计了基于FPGA的码速率连续可调PCM数字信号源。该设计采用数字频率合成技术DDS,提供频率连续可调的时钟信号,使输出数字信号码速率在1bps~10Mbps连续可调,可实现速度快,步进小,频率分辨率高的调控。实验表明,该信号源可实现输出PCM数字信号,输出信号的码速率可以由用户根据实际需求利用上位机软件设定。     

基于FPGA的激光目标指示器PCM编码的实现

激光PCM编码,能够有效地提高目标识别、定位的准确度,降低了目标识别的的错误率.详细介绍了激光PCM编码的用途、原理和实现方法.在电路设计上采用单片FPGA实现PCM编码功能,大幅减小电路的尺寸,通过采用恒温晶振保证了脉冲频率在不同温度环境条件下的稳定.给出了在FPGA上实现2-15位PCM编码的VerilogHDL语言程序实例.目前,该电路已在激光目标指示器中得到成功应用.     

稳定控制装置通信方案的研究与设计

通过对安全稳定控制装置及其通信系统的分析与研究,阐述了高速、高可靠性和高稳定性的通信方案对电力系统安全稳定控制装置的必要性.讨论了安全稳定控制装置通信系统的要求并设计了基于光纤通信的安全稳定控制装置的通信方案,重点阐述了光纤通信接口板的硬件构成、通信接口芯片的主要功能、FPGA实现的主要功能、FPGA设计的主要内容和结构.所设计的通信方案已在现场投运,系统运行效果良好.     

基于FPGA的可重构RFID标签的设计

设计了一种基于FPGA的可重构标签方案.可方便的优化标签的数据结构,并巧妙的利用同步通道,减少单用户占用时间,实现快速识别,获取位置信息等功能.文章给出了标签的整体架构和工作原理,借助FPGA结构可重构的特点,采用扩频体制和同步通道,将信息和全0分别用扩频伪码调制,然后用同步通道传输.文章通过原理框图、逻辑结构图、仿真图和示波器波形图将方案思路形象真实的表现出来,体现了此标签良好的功能和性能,以及方案高度的可行性.此标签还具有良好的兼容性.     

基于FPGA实现HD-15530编译码器

现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)具有集成度高,体积小的特点,在文中介绍用FPGA实现曼彻斯特编译码器(HD-15530)的设计方案,并通过时序仿真的验证,证明方案合理。用FPGA来实现HD-15530功能,能够降低系统的功耗,提高系统的可靠性。     

HDB3编译码及其在Cyclone II FPGA的实现研究

为提高电缆测井数据传输的性能,提出一种基于HDB3码并利用Cyclone II系列FPGA的编、译码系统设计方案。详细分析了编译码的原理与实现方法,并在编译码实现过程中采用双相码来表示相应的码元,可以快速便捷地识别取代码,同时也解决了FPGA只能处理单极性电平的问题。在译码时特意先提取极性信息,故只需用一组移位寄存器来存放输入码流。最后给出了对应的仿真结果,并成功应用于石油测井领域的电缆测井数据通信系统研究装置中。     

满足IEC61850要求的站用时钟服务器

基于IEC61850标准体系的数字化变电站,要求时钟提供SNTP软件授时和光脉冲硬件对时.提出了利用GPS接收器与FPGA+CPU微机系统实现时钟服务器方案.其中FPGA实现脉冲信号硬件对时,CPU系统实现SNTP协议软件授时,CPU与FPGA间通过数据总线联系,传递显示时间、IRIG-B码数据和同步状态等信息.详细介绍了时钟的授时原理、硬件设计、软件实现以及守时功能.该时钟服务器满足了IEC61850的要求,守时精度达到晶振稳定度水平.     

基于FPGA的脉冲变换器测试系统设计

针对脉冲变换器特殊的测试任务,以FPGA为核心,详细介绍了脉冲变换器测试系统的设计方案。该系统通过USB实现与计算机的通信,能够产生7路28V脉冲信号,完成4路模拟信号的采集,并能以PCM码的格式发送和接收数据。测试系统完成了对脉冲变换器各项功能的测试,是脉冲变换器在生产、调试过程中的唯一评价手段。     

电力线通信中LDPC译码器的优化设计与实现

电力线信道的噪声干扰很强,严重影响通信系统性能。文章提出了一种适于电力线通信中LDPC码的译码器硬件结构优化方法,并通过FPGA设计实现。算法的修正过程只包含简单的算术和逻辑运算,便于FPGA实现。本文方案提供的结构与常用的部分并行译码结构相比,节省了大量硬件资源。经软硬件仿真验证,硬件BP实现结构性能接近浮点BP算法,能应用于电力线通信等信噪比较低的传输领域。     

An Application of the Recombination and Generation Theory by Shockley, Read and Hall to Biological Ion Channels

We have applied the Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) model for the generation and recombination of charged carriers to biological ion channels. We show how to include this important effect in the traditional PNP model. The idea is to use the software of computational electronics that has been developed to solve Shockley’s equations. In particular we have used the simulator PROPHET to simulate biological ion channels and to include particle like properties and dynamics such as the capture and release of ions. The considerable reduction of effective diffusion coefficients can be well simulated. The saturation effect observed in current-concentration curves, which is not predicted by the conventional PNP model, has been successfully reproduced in our simulation. We also show that PROPHET can be used to perform both steady state and time dependent simulations for ion channels. The timescale can be microseconds, far beyond the range of molecular dynamics simulations. Our results demonstrate the useful role of PROPHET simulations in a multi-scale simulation approach.     

分布式电源的配电网重构和电容器优化投切

综合考虑最优潮流、配电网重构和电容器优化投切,建立了计及分布式电源的配电网经济运行模型。鉴于模型的复杂性,采用结合最优潮流和改进蚁群算法的混合优化方法进行求解。该方法将最优潮流嵌入改进蚁群算法中,利用最优潮流求解考虑网络安全约束的分布式电源优化调度问题,利用改进蚁群算法优化配电网结构和电容器档位。为了提高蚁群算法的优化效率,建立含有局部搜索蚂蚁的混合蚁群,平衡蚁群算法的全局和局部搜索能力。通过对16节点和33节点的测试系统仿真,表明提出的模型和算法正确有效。     

基于电磁感应和超宽带雷达的新型探测系统

超宽带探地雷达是近年来迅速发展起来的一种高新无损检测技术,可对地下目标进行高分辨率成像,但很难直接判断目标是金属或非金属的,而且无法得到准确的探测深度。针对地下目标材质识别和获取准确探测深度的需求,研制了一种将电磁感应与超宽带雷达相结合的新的探测系统。该系统可以直接分辨金属和非金属目标,并能反演出介质的介电常数,从而得到目标的准确深度。将该探测系统在测试模型上进行了实验,取得了很好的效果。     

Optimal location and sizing determination of Distributed Generation and DSTATCOM using Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm

A Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm for finding the optimal location and sizing of Distributed Generation and Distribution STATicCOMpensator (DSTATCOM) with the aim of reducing the total power loss along with voltage profile improvement of Radial Distribution System is proposed in this paper. The new-fangled formulation projected is inspired by the idea that the optimum placement of the DG and DSTATCOM can facilitate in minimization of the line loss and voltage dips in Radial Distribution Systems. A complete performance analysis is carried out on 12, 34 and 69 bus radial distribution test systems and each test system has five different cases. The results analyzed using Loss Sensitivity Factor shows the optimal placement and sizing of DG and DSTATCOM in Radial Distribution System effectively improves the voltage profile and reduces the total power losses of the system.     

MMC子模块控制器设计与测试

子模块控制器（ sub-module controller , SMC ）的控制保护功能对模块化多电平换流器直流输电（ modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current ,MMC-HVDC）的运行有着极大的影响。首先,介绍了子模块与SMC硬件架构,开发调试了基于复杂可编程逻辑器件（ complex programmable logic device , CPLD）的SMC控制程序,研究了SMC与其上层控制阀基控制器（ valve based controller , VBC ）之间的协调控制以及子模块保护策略。最后对子模块进行了稳态的空载、带载实验以及MMC-HVDC物理模拟系统的系统实验,实验结果证明了子模块的性能良好,SMC可以与VBC进行有效通讯并可以对子模块进行有效控制保护以及稳态测试平台的有效性。     

An Approach to Speech Emotion Classification Using k-NN and SVMs

The interaction between humans and machines has become an issue of concern in recent years. Besides facial ex-pressions or gestures, speech has been evidenced as one of the foremost promising modalities for automatic emotion recognition. Effective computing means to support HCI (Human-Computer Interaction) at a psychological level, al-lowing PCs to adjust their reactions as per human requirements. Therefore, the recognition of emotion is pivotal in High-level interactions. Each Emotion has distinctive properties that form us to recognize them. The acoustic signal produced for identical expression or sentence changes is essentially a direct result of biophysical changes, (for example, the stress instigated narrowing of the larynx) set off by emotions. This connection between acoustic cues and emotions made Speech Emotion Recognition one of the moving subjects of the emotive computing area. The most motivation behind a Speech Emotion Recognition algorithm is to observe the emotional condition of a speaker from recorded Speech signals. The results from the application of k-NN and OVA-SVM for MFCC features without and with a feature selection approach are presented in this research. The MFCC features from the audio signal were initially extracted to characterize the properties of emotional speech. Secondly, nine basic statistical measures were calculated from MFCC and 117-dimensional features were consequently obtained to train the classifiers for seven different classes (Anger, Happiness, Disgust, Fear, Sadness, Disgust, Boredom and Neutral) of emotions. Next, Classification was done in four steps. First, all the 117-features are classified using both classifiers. Second, the best classifier was found and then features were scaled to [-1, 1] and classified. In the third step, the with or without feature scaling which gives better performance was derived from the results of the second step and the classification was done for each of the basic sta-tistical measures separately. Finally, in the fourth step, the combination of statistical measures which gives better per-formance was derived using the forward feature selection method Experiments were carried out using k-NN with different k values and a linear OVA-based SVM classifier with different optimal values. Berlin emotional speech da-tabase for the German language was utilized for testing the planned methodology and recognition rates as high as 60% accomplished for the recognition of emotion from voice signal for the set of statistical measures (median, maximum, mean, Inter-quartile range, skewness). OVA-SVM performs better than k-NN and the use of the feature selection technique gives a high rate.     

SIP协议与ISUP协议互通研究

会话初始协议(SIP)是IETF定义的基于IP的应用层控制协议，是NGN网络控制的核心协议；ISDN用户部分(ISUP)协议是7号信令系统的一种主要协议。文章介绍并深入分析了SIP和ISUP协议，从互通的层面对二者进行了分析比较，给出了2种协议之间具体的互通结构、映射方法以及呼叫流程。基于网络融合的思想做了有益的探索和实践，为设计MGC／软交换核心设备提供了依据，为实现PSTN网络向软交换网络的平滑过渡提供了解决方案。     

Robust fuzzy logic power system stabilizer based on evolution and learning

A robust fuzzy logic power system stabilizer (FLPSS) based on evolution and learning is proposed in this paper. A hybrid algorithm that combines learning and evolution is developed whereby each one complements other’s strength. Parameters of FLPSS are encoded in chromosome (individual) of genetic algorithm (GA) population. Population of FLPSS in GA learns to stabilize electromechanical oscillations in power system at an operating point, as the best fitness becomes large steady value during successive generations. Operating region of FLPSS is enlarged by learning more operating points over the operating domain. Best FLPSS drawn from last generation is saved as designed FLPSS. Effectiveness of the proposed method is validated on a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) power system. Promising optimal stabilizing performance with designed FLPSS for considered power system is obtained at wide range of operating points.     

基于OPC及DTS接口控制方案的设计与应用

结合OPC规范及数据转换服务(DTS)的主要技术特点,提出了一种基于OPC及DTS技术的接口控制方案。通过这种方案,可以简便有效地实现企业管理层与现场设备层之间的交互。     

基于GATS混合算法的PSS与SVC控制器参数设计

随着电力网络规模的扩大,电力系统优化问题日益复杂,故提出了一种采用遗传禁忌GATS混合优化策略对电力系统稳定器PSS和静止无功补偿器SVC附加线性稳定控制器进行参数协调优化的设计方法。该方法结合遗传算法GA和禁忌搜索算法TS各自的优点,将禁忌搜索引入到遗传算法的变异操作,改进了遗传算法的变异算子,具有比常规遗传算法更强的局部搜索能力。在10机新英格兰电力系统上对该优化方法进行了测试。特征值分析表明,该设计方法能有效地将多种不同运行方式下系统的特征根移到复平面目标函数限定的区域内,保证了小扰动稳定性控制的鲁棒。同时还对不同优化方法的收敛性及计算时间进行了比对,结果表明遗传禁忌混合策略的性能优于常规遗传算法以及遗传模拟退火混合优化策略。