首页 | 官方网站   微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 515 毫秒
1.
声学黑洞结构是一种可实现板内弯曲波操控和振动能量汇聚的新结构,在振动和噪声控制领域具有应用 前景,因此对内嵌于板结构的二维声学黑洞及其阵列的动力学特性和设计方法进行研究十分必要。首先给出描述声 学黑洞汇集效果的定量参数,然后通过正交试验得出内嵌于板结构的单二维声学黑洞几何参数在一定范围内的最优 值;最后,基于这些参数设计声学黑洞并组成包含两声学黑洞的阵列,在频域内研究板结构具有不同排布方式声学黑 洞阵列时的能量汇集效应。结果表明,在一定频带范围内两个声学黑洞组成的阵列的能量汇聚效应比单声学黑洞更 为明显,且横向排列的声学黑洞阵列结构具有更好的能量汇聚效果。对于声学黑洞阵列和阻尼减振的设计具有一定 参考价值。  相似文献   

2.
声学黑洞(Acoustic Black Hole,ABH)能够实现声波的聚集,通过粘贴阻尼层将其聚集的能量耗散,可有效降低声学黑洞复合结构的振动和声波的传递。针对中低频段噪声,设计了声学黑洞复合隔声结构,建立了其隔声量计算模型。研究了声学黑洞复合隔声结构的黑洞数量、黏弹性阻尼层、声学黑洞半径等参数对隔声性能的影响。研究结果表明:在160~1 000 Hz频率范围内,ABH能明显增加复合隔声结构的隔声性能,其传递损失在1/3倍频程内增加了1.9 dB。文中的研究结果为复合隔声结构的设计提供了借鉴。  相似文献   

3.
声学黑洞(Acoustic Black Holes,ABH)效应是利用结构厚度以一定幂函数形式减小,致使弯曲波的相速度逐渐减小而实现能量逐渐聚集,理想情况下弯曲波波速减小为0从而无法传递到结构边缘,也就不会发生反射。声学黑洞效应使得结构产生高能量密度区域,因此能高效应用于能量回收和振动噪声控制。为了研究二维声学黑洞结构具有弯曲波能量聚集效应,运用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立了二维声学黑洞模型,从时域上研究弯曲波在声学黑洞区域的传播过程,结合有限元数值结果与振动功率流的结果分析弯曲波能量聚集过程。最后通过激光超声实验系统对二维声学黑洞中弯曲波传播过程进行成像与分析,实验结果验证了二维声学黑洞结构对弯曲波能量的聚集效应。  相似文献   

4.
声学黑洞(Acoustic Black Holes,ABH)以结构厚度的幂律变化实现弹性波的汇聚,结合阻尼层能较好地抑制结构振动。为进一步实现结构的低频振动控制,将声学黑洞与约束阻尼复合,建立附加约束阻尼的二维声学黑洞薄板模型,采用数值方法计算加速度响应与结构损耗因子,研究二维声学黑洞板附加约束阻尼后的减振特性,并通过二维声学黑洞薄板振动试验开展验证,最后探究约束层材料、厚度及约束阻尼半径对声学黑洞板低频减振性能的影响规律。结果表明:相比于附加自由阻尼,约束阻尼使声学黑洞薄板在第一阶共振峰处的加速度导纳降低12.61 dB;当约束层厚度为截断厚度的2倍左右时,薄板整体可以达到较佳的减振效果。研究可为声学黑洞薄板结构的低频减振应用提供重要参考。  相似文献   

5.
声学黑洞结构通过使结构厚度按幂率渐变,改变结构阻抗从而调控弯曲波在结构中的波长和波速,可实现能量在黑洞区域的聚集和耗散。目前关于声学黑洞结构的研究主要是针对嵌入式声学黑洞,基于周期声学黑洞结构在部分频带良好的减振特性,将带阻尼层的周期声学黑洞梁贴敷在薄板上,提升薄板的减振效果并起到加强板刚度的作用。采用有限元法研究带周期声学黑洞梁的板架结构的减振效果,并将其基于敷设阻尼层和黑洞梁材料进行对比分析。结果表明,含声学黑洞梁能明显削弱振动速度传递响应,较好抑制板的振动;敷设阻尼层能增强对板减振效果,且适当增加黑洞梁数量能提升结构抑振性能;钢质梁较铝质梁刚度更大,能进一步增加板架结构的抑制带宽和增强抑制效果。  相似文献   

6.
声学黑洞(acoustic black hole, ABH)效应可以产生强烈的能量集中,能够将高频率低振幅的低品质振动能量转化为高振幅的高品质振动能量,从而便于利用。提出并研究了一种环形二维声学黑洞压电能量收集装置。有限元分析结果表明,环形二维ABH结构能在宽频域内显著提高能量收集效率。搭建了环形二维声学黑洞压电能量收集器试验测试平台,通过试验验证了仿真结果的正确性。与经典二维ABH结构相比,环形二维ABH结构具有更好的能量收集效率和结构强度。分析了压电片几何尺寸等因素对装置能量收集效率的影响,得到了能获得较高输出功率的几何尺寸范围,并进行了正交试验设计,研究了截断厚度、压电片尺寸、中央平台直径、幂指数等多因素的综合影响。  相似文献   

7.
宋婷婷  郑玲  邓杰 《振动与冲击》2022,(10):186-195
声学黑洞(acoustic black hole,ABH)效应是遵循幂变规律对梁或薄板结构的厚度进行剪裁,使弯曲波在结构尖端波速降至为零而无法发生反射的现象,从而能够在结构末端实现能量的聚集与高效回收。针对单一声学黑洞结构在实现峰值回收时对外界激励频率敏感的问题,提出基于周期声学黑洞的宽频压电能量回收系统。首先,基于高斯展开法,建立了耦合压电层的声学黑洞压电俘能半解析模型,并在频域范围内结合能带理论分析了周期数、幂指数、中心截断厚度以及黑洞半径对能量回收特性的影响;最后,通过压电能量回收试验,验证了周期声学黑洞对于实现宽频能量回收的有效性。研究结果表明:声学黑洞的各结构参数会通过影响峰值个数、峰值区间长度以及能带结构等因素,对系统的输出功率以及采集效率产生影响。分析结果对实现周期声学黑洞梁的宽频能量回收优化设计具有重要的参考价值。  相似文献   

8.
万志威  朱翔  李天匀  李敬 《振动与冲击》2022,(9):113-119+135
针对声学黑洞梁结构,引入压电分流阻尼形成声学黑洞压电复合结构,采用半解析法对其振动特性进行分析。首先基于哈密顿原理,采用墨西哥帽状小波作为型函数,利用能量法对声学黑洞悬臂梁的自由振动和受迫振动进行求解,与有限元法结果吻合良好,验证了半解析法的可靠性。然后引入分流阻尼,通过等效介质法将分流阻尼等效为附加材料,利用其局域共振机制,分析了含分流阻尼的声学黑洞梁振动特性,从理论上分析了确定局域共振频率近似方法。压电分流阻尼可以通过调整电感值来使局域共振与结构共振产生耦合,从而使振动响应峰值产生衰减;另一方面适当的阻尼可以使振荡效应消失。针对第一阶共振峰值,设计出的含分流阻尼的声学黑洞梁比传统阻尼层声学黑洞梁的振动有明显衰减,为声学黑洞结构的低频振动控制提供了新的思路。  相似文献   

9.
轨道交通引起的环境振动噪声问题持续增加,即使目前具有多种控制效果良好的减振降噪措施,但仍有望做进一步的提升。在该研究中提出了一种新型的槽型轨道动力吸振器,将声学黑洞波动控制技术与动力吸振原理相结合。该吸振器设计的目标是保证主结构强度与刚度的前提下,采用附加的声学黑洞阻尼振子作为吸能单元,对主结构的振动能量进行传递、吸收与耗散。为了研究声学黑洞型动力吸振器对槽型轨道振动特性和声辐射特性的影响,利用仿真分析对不同类型的动力吸振器下槽型轨道的位移导纳和振动衰减率进行了评估;采用滚动噪声预测模型计算分析了声学黑洞型动力吸振器的降噪效果并探究了其参数对轮轨振动噪声的影响规律。结果表明:槽型轨在800~1 000 Hz频段内的一阶pinned-pinned在未采取措施的情况下振动响应显著,振动衰减率仅为0.68 dB/m,在安装了声学黑洞型动力吸振器之后轨道结构的振动衰减率上升到1.80 dB/m,提高率可达265%。  相似文献   

10.
为进一步提高浮筏系统隔振性能,提出分布式声学黑洞浮筏隔振系统。首先根据声学黑洞结构特点,提出将单个声学黑洞分解为4个小尺寸声学黑洞的分布式声学黑洞方案;其次,采用有限元法,开展分布式声学黑洞方案对平板结构以及典型筏架结构振动响应的影响研究,并与单个声学黑洞方案进行对比分析,建立分布式声学黑洞浮筏系统有限元模型;最后,探究分布式声学黑洞浮筏系统的隔振性能以及对船舶舱段机械噪声的影响。研究表明,相比单个声学黑洞,分布式声学黑洞浮筏具有更好的低频隔振性能,能够有效降低舱段的机械噪声水平。  相似文献   

11.
Liang B  Guo XS  Tu J  Zhang D  Cheng JC 《Nature materials》2010,9(12):989-992
The detection of acoustic signals is of relevance for a range of practical applications, for example in medical diagnostics. However, whereas rectification of electric current and other energy forms such as thermal flux has been demonstrated, acoustic rectification has not yet been achieved. Here, on the basis of the earlier theoretical proposal of an 'acoustic diode', we present the first experimental demonstration of a rectified energy flux of acoustic waves. A one-dimensional acoustic rectifier is fabricated by coupling a superlattice with a layer of ultrasound contrast agent microbubble suspension. A significant rectifying effect is observed within two frequency bands at locations that agree well with theoretical predictions. Following optimization of the concentration of the microbubble suspension, rectifying ratios can be as high as ~10(4). This realization of an acoustic rectifier should have substantial practical significance, for example in the focusing of ultrasound in medical applications.  相似文献   

12.
An instrument has been developed to characterize the mean dimensions of softwood fiber samples. It is based on the phenomenon that particles of cylindrical shape diluted in water and shorter than one fourth of the acoustic wavelength migrate to nodal planes of acoustic radiation pressure and reorient parallel to these planes when subjected to a stationary ultrasonic field. As the resonator operating frequency is 72 kHz, fibers up to 5 mm in length can be measured. The time evolution of the fiber suspension during ultrasonic excitation is monitored with a collimated beam of light. Scattered light signals collected off-axis in the plane perpendicular to the acoustic nodal planes are shown to be a function of the weighted average fiber length. Results are presented for pulp samples in the average fiber length range of 0.2 to 3 mm. It was found that there is a region where the scattered light is linearly related to concentration. Acoustooptical measurements obtained at initial concentration in this linear region, for all fractions, have shown that the longer the average length from screen classifier is, the faster the layer formation is. Since the fiber length the radius are proportional for a wood species, this observation is in agreement with the theoretical prediction.  相似文献   

13.
插入式静电传感器特性研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
插入式静电传感器在测量气-固两相流参数和保证其传送安全方面有较好的应用。通过建立电极数学模型,讨论了插入式静电传感器电极的插入深度、空间滤波特性和空间灵敏度特性,得到固体颗粒位置对电极上感应电荷的影响情况、感应电极灵敏度分布规律和插入深度L与电极测量信号幅值之间关系。对于连续流动的固相颗粒,当插入式电极插入深度L为管道直径的1/2时为最佳尺寸,此时电极具有低通滤波特性。在利用电极数学模型对电极空间滤波特性理论推导的过程中获得了固相颗粒速度与测量信号截止频率的表达式。实测结果证实了电极的空间滤波特性和空间灵敏度特性。  相似文献   

14.
The acoustic properties of three kinds of polymeric micro-particle materials have been investigated. Based on it, a novel sound absorption material with multi-layered structure has been fabricated by using polymeric micro-particles with low reflection as matching layer and high sound absorption one as sound energy attenuation layer. To optimize the absorption characters in demanded frequency regions, a double impedance matching layers have been created. The experimental results show that the particle materials fabricated by the principle of impedance matching processes excellent sound absorption character in wide frequency regions.  相似文献   

15.
It is demonstrated that possible violation of the conventional hydrodynamics of smectic liquid crystals in the kilohertz frequency range is usually not observed in experiments. In ultrasonic experiments, deviations from the Stokes quadratic frequency dependence of the absorption coefficient are determined by the process of acoustic relaxation. This dependence is neither universal nor characteristic of only the smectic-A phase. The character of the frequency dependence can vary with the wave vector orientation relative to the direction of magnetic induction.  相似文献   

16.
By the turbulent vortex forced by the impeller, strong high-frequency pressure oscillations occur in the side channel. These pressure oscillations result from the temporal modification of the vortex structure and the specific impulse flow transportation in the side channel. They are visible due to the high-frequency character neither at integral static pressures not in the characteristic lines of the pumps. However, they add essentially to the energy transfer to the pumped fluid and to the increase of the static pressure in the side channel. The dynamic pressure oscillations in the side channel with the characteristic exciter frequency by the blade revolution frequency are transmitted to the pump case and a part of it is emitted as effective acoustic pressure to the environment. The blade revolution frequency is by far recognizable as exciter frequency in the pressure oscillations, in the mechanical case oscillation and as effective acoustic pressure in the raised amplitude parts. The pressure oscillations refer to the unsteady flow in side channel pumps.  相似文献   

17.
胡忠军  张宁  李正宇  周刚 《声学技术》2012,31(3):233-238
热声自激振荡模态取决于声学谐振器结构形式和特征尺度。级联型热声热机依靠哑铃形谐振器来调制所需要的局部高阻抗行波声场,谐振管通常由几段不同横截面的管段组成。哑铃形热声谐振器的谐振频率由共鸣腔容积、谐振管截面和长度共同决定。根据哑铃形谐振器不同截面管段内的声传播规律、共鸣腔声学边界条件以及管段间的声压和体积流率连续条件,利用行波叠加的方法,建立均匀管模型、变截面模型和热声网络模型,得到了系统谐振频率随共鸣腔容积变化和谐振管特征尺寸变化的规律。系统谐振频率的变化将引起最佳听音点的位置的移动,进一步起到调节回热器声阻抗的作用。实际热声热机实验研究中,通过改变谐振器特征尺度或结构形式调节系统的谐振频率,也是热声热机调试过程中实现自激振荡的主要手段。  相似文献   

18.
A theoretical investigation is performed of the emergence of acoustic vibrations under conditions of combustion of coal particles in the combustor of a pulsed MHD generator. The flow in the combustor is assumed to be one-dimensional under conditions of thorough stirring in the transverse direction and of the absence of stirring in the longitudinal direction. The particles are assumed to be spherical and monodisperse. The drag during the motion of particles relative to gas mixture in the case of acoustic vibrations is determined using the Stokes formula. It is assumed that the combustion of coal particles occurs in the diffusion mode. Approximate formulas are derived for the determination of the increment and frequency of acoustic vibrations, in which the fuel and oxidizer parameters appear explicitly. It is demonstrated that the drag during the motion of particles relative to gas mixture stabilizes the system by significantly reducing the value of increment.  相似文献   

19.
由于主动吸声在低频声波入射时方有吸声效果,而在中高频声波入射时,吸声效果不明显。鉴此,采用一种新的半主动吸声方法;即由一层吸声材料和可移动的刚性壁组合结构,改变刚性壁移动的速度,使吸声材料的表面声阻抗与空气的阻抗相匹配,从而使吸声材料的吸声系数达到最大。最后,对平面入射声波进行了数值计算与实验,结果表明:在100~2 000 Hz时,吸声系数能达到0.8~1.0,而对于更高频率的入射声波,用此方法进行纯主动吸声的效果改善不明显。  相似文献   

20.
Acoustic assembly promises a route toward rapid parallel fabrication of whole objects directly from solution. This study reports the contact‐free and maskless assembly, and fixing of silicone particles into arbitrary 2D shapes using ultrasound fields. Ultrasound passes through an acoustic hologram to form a target image. The particles assemble from a suspension along lines of high pressure in the image due to acoustic radiation forces and are then fixed (crosslinked) in a UV‐triggered reaction. For this, the particles are loaded with a photoinitiator by solvent‐induced swelling. This localizes the reaction and allows the bulk suspension to be reused. The final fabricated parts are mechanically stable and self‐supporting.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司    京ICP备09084417号-23

京公网安备 11010802026262号