降低氧化镨钕中氯根的工艺研究

氯化镨钕经过沉淀、灼烧后得到镨钕氧化物中氯根含量偏高,研究两种沉淀工艺中的沉淀时间和料液浓度,灼烧过程中温度、装料方式和通风量等工艺条件对氯根的影响。结果表明,采用并流沉淀工艺,料液浓度为180g/L,沉淀时间大于6h,控制灼烧温度为1 050℃,增加装料松散度,每吨REO的通风量为150m~3/min,得到碳酸镨钕的氯根含量≤0.035%,氧化物中氯根含量≤0.010%。通过SEM表征表明,碳酸盐和氧化物的晶体形貌对氯根的含量有一定影响。     

氧化镨产品的生产发展及其应用

氧化锴（Pr6O11）是轻稀土产品中的重要产品之一。因其具有独特的理化性质，故在陶瓷、玻璃、稀土永磁、稀土裂化催化剂、稀土抛光粉、研磨材料和添加剂等领域获得应用，日益广泛，前景还是看好。     

氧化钕和氧化镨钕在大气中的吸水特性研究

研究了氧化钕和氧化镨钕的吸水特性及吸水稳定后物质的结构与形态表征,通过增重试验及增重稳定后物质的X射线衍射试验,讨论了氧化钕和氧化镨钕吸水的一般动力学过程,并分析了影响吸水速率的因素。研究表明,氧化钕和氧化镨钕的吸水过程为未反应核模型,Lageren准一级、HO准二级动力学方程仅能对其诱导期之后的某个阶段拟合较好。氧化镨钕明显异于氧化钕,吸水产物孔隙率减小,吸一定水后出现类似"饱和"的现象。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定空气中氧化镨

用微孔滤膜采样, 硝酸和高氯酸溶解样品, 建立了电感耦合等离子体质谱测定稀土企业电解车间空气中氧化镨浓度的方法。试验结果表明:用硝酸和高氯酸溶解样品并加热溶液冒高氯酸烟, 不但样品溶解完全, 而且能使采样过程中吸附在微孔滤膜上的氟挥发而除去, 从而消除了氟对测定的干扰;仪器信号漂移和基体效应对测定的影响可通过加内标元素铯的方法消除。氧化镨浓度在5～50 ng/mL范围内校准曲线呈线性关系, 相关系数为0.999 9。方法的检出限为0.012 ng/mL, 测定下限为0.040 ng/mL, 样品的加标回收率在97%～102%之间。方法已应用于稀土企业电解车间空气中氧化镨的测定, 测定结果与电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法一致, 相对标准偏差(RSD, n=6)在0.8%～2.3%范围。     

关于MoSi2氧化相低温化学稳定性图的建立与分析

从热力学角度建立了ＭｏＳｉ２氧化相的低温化学稳定性图，并对实验现象进行了分析。建立的ＭｏＳｉ２氧化相的低温化学稳定性图阐明了ＭｏＳｉ２材料低温氧化生成物与温度、氧分压之间的关系；可较好地解释实验现象和结果；并指出减少ＭｏＳｉ２材料的内部缺陷，使扩散至界面的氧分压维持较低数值，可避免生成挥发性ＭｏＯ３相，从而防止材料的“ＰＥＳＴ”现象。     

ICP时序型单道扫描Kalman滤波法直接测定高纯氧化镨中的稀土杂质

本文以Ｋａｌｍａｎ滤波法在时序型ＩＣＰ单道扫描光谱仪上直接测定了氧化错中的痕量稀土杂质，并以该法校正了基体的光谱干扰和被测元素之间的相互干扰，考察了该方法的检出限，测定结果与干扰系数法基本一致，该法谱线选择自由，适合高纯稀土试样中杂质的直接测定。     

关于MoSi_2氧化相低温化学稳定性图的建立与分析

从热力学角度建立了MoSi2 氧化相的低温化学稳定性图 ,并对实验现象进行了分析。建立的MoSi2 氧化相的低温化学稳定性图阐明了MoSi2 材料低温氧化生成物与温度、氧分压之间的关系 ;可较好地解释实验现象和结果 ;并指出减少MoSi2 材料的内部缺陷 ,使扩散至界面的氧分压维持较低数值 ,可避免生成挥发性MoO3相 ,从而防止材料的“PEST”现象。     

超临界水氧化法处理有机污水的应用研究与展望

研究了超临界水氧化法反应介质体系的性质与特点，介绍了该方法的原理、原则工艺流程以及国内外采用超临界水氧化法处理污水的研究现状，并展望了这种新兴技术的发展方向和市场应用前景。     

稀土原料热分解性能和催化氧化活性的考察

采用程序升温分解、氧吸附和程序升温表面反应的方法，对稀土原料——氧化镧、富镧稀土、混合轻稀土、镨钕稀土和载于Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体上的氧化镧进行了热分解性能和催化氧化性能考察。考察结果表明，热分解从易到难的顺序是：镨钕稀土—混合轻稀土—富镧稀土—氧化镧；稀土原料的催化氧化性能从强到弱的顺序是：混合轻稀土—镨钕稀土—富镧稀土—氧化镧。试验发现，氧化镧被载于Ａｌ２Ｏ３上之后，其表面氧催化氧化Ｈ２的性能大大提高。     

O3预氧化处理微污染黄河水源水研究

[目的]为净化微污染黄河水源水寻求一种较好的工艺.[方法]研究不同浓度O<,3>投加量和反应时间对微污染黄河水源水中的主要污染物质如色度、COD、UV<,254>、NO<,2>-N 和 NH<,4><'+>-N 的去除效果.[结果]色度明显下降,COD<,Mn>降低了 10%,UV<,254>下降了 58.9%,NO<,2>-N降低了 42.69%,NH<,4><'+>-N 略有增加.处理该微污染黄河水源水,最佳预氧化时间为 2min,臭氧投加量为 2.7mg/L.[结论]O<,3>预氧化技术对黄河微污染水源水有良好的处理效果.     

Sintering effect on ageing behavior of rare earths （Pr6O11-Er2O3-Y2O3 ）-doped ZnO varistor ceramics

The electrical properties and ageing behavior of the rare earths (Pr6O11-Er2O3-Y2O3)-doped ZnO varistor ceramics were systematically investigated at sintering temperature range of 1335-1350°C. With an increase in the sintering temperature, the sintered density increased from 5.41 to 5.64g/cm3 and the average grain size increased from 5.8 to 7.9μm. The varistor properties and ageing behavior were significantly affected by small sintering temperature range of 1335-1350°C. The breakdown field noticeably decreased from 5767 to 3628V/cm with an increase in the sintering temperature. The varistor ceramics exhibited the highest nonlinear coefficient (43.2) at the sintering temperature of 1340°C. The varistor ceramics sintered at 1350°C exhibited a surprisingly excellent stability by exhibiting 0.3% in the variation rate of the breakdown field and 0.3% in the variation rate of the nonlinear coefficient for ageing stress of 0.95 E1mA/150°C/24 h.     

Multiferroism in Pr2FeCrO6 perovskite

Pr₂FeCrO₆ perovskite crystallizes in an orthorhombic structure with R3c space group. Magnetic study has revealed that Pr₂FeCrO₆ exhibits room-temperature ferromagnetism with a Curie temperature of about 562 K. Pr₂FeCrO₆ also exhibits weak ferroelectricity. Thus, given its ferroelectric and ferromagnetic nature, the Pr₂FeCrO₆ material can be considered as a multiferroic. In addition, due to its high Curie temperature and multiferroicity, it could be a promising candidate for spintronics applications.     

Research on preparation optimization of nano CeB6 powder and its high temperature stability

High temperature self-propagating synthesis (SHS) process is very rapid, the reaction process becomes un-controlled after the SHS reaction is ignited. So the initial reaction conditions will have great effects on phase compositions and microstructures of reaction products. In this paper, the effects of the proportioning amount of Mg on the yield ratio and particle sizes of CeB6 were studied. The SHS reaction products and leached products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that the SHS products consisted of MgO, CeB6 and little Mg3B2O6. The single CeB6 phase was contained after the SHS reaction products were leached. The purity of CeB6 was higher than 99.0 mass%, and the minimum particle sizes of CeB6 were within 30-70 nm. When the proportioning amount of Mg was 25% more than the theoretic amount, the yield of CeB?6 was 68.68%. The antioxidant ability of CeB6 was rather stronger, which was oxidized step by step, and the initial oxidation temperature was 750 oC, which indicated that it had good high temperature stability. The apparent activation energies of oxidation reactions of CeB6 were 200.09 and 312.10 kJ/mol, respectively, and reaction orders were 0.69 and 0.40, respectively.     

Nonlinear behavior of Tb4O7-modified ZnO-Pr6O11-based ceramics with high breakdown field

The effect of Tb4O7 on electrical behavior of the ZnO-Pr6O11-based varistor ceramics was investigated.Microstructural analysis indicated that the addition of Tb4O7 decreased average grain size from 3.6 to 3.2 μm and increased the sintered density from 5.58 to 5.68 g/cm3.As the amount of Tb4O7 increased,the breakdown field increased from 9393 to 12437 V/cm and the nonlinear coefficient increased from 50 to 65.The varistor ceramics added with 0.5 mol.% in the amount of Tb4O7 exhibited an excellent stability by exhibiting-0.1% in the variation rate of the breakdown field,0% in the variation rate of the nonlinear coefficient,and 8.8% in the variation rate of the leakage current density for DC-accelerated aging stress of 0.85 E1 mA/115℃/24 h.     

Thermoluminescence Characteristics of SrB6O10 ： Tb

SrB6010：Tb phosphor was synthesized by high-temperature solid state reaction. The influences of Ce or Li as a co-dopant, Tb concentration and irradiation dose exposure on TL of SrB6010 ： Tb were investigated. Results show that Ce or Li as a co-dopant can not improve the sensitivity of SrB6010：Tb phosphor. TL response depends on Tb concentration and 0.02 is the optimum in the concentration range from 0.01 to 0.10. Using the optimum Tb concentration, we calculated the kinetic parameters of SrB6010：Tb employing the peak shape method, and suggested the phosphor obeying the second order kinetics. TL emission intensity is linearly dependent on the irradiation dose within the dose range of 50 - 200 Gy. The characteristic Tb^3＋ ion emission was observed in TL emission spectrum.     

Low temperature thermoluminescence behaviour of Y2O3 nanoparticles

Y_2O_3 nanoparticles were investigated using low temperature thermoluminescence (TL) experiments. TL glow curve recorded at constant heating rate of 0.4 K/s exhibits seven peaks around 19, 62, 91,115,162,196 and 215 K. Activation energies and characteristics of traps responsible for observed curves were revealed under the light of results of initial rise analyses and T_(max)-T_(stop) experimental methods. Analyses of TL curves obtained at different stopping temperatures resulted in presence of one quasi-continuously distributed trap with activation energies increasing from 18 to 24 meV and six single trapping centers at49, 117, 315, 409, 651 and 740 meV. Activation energies of all revealed centers were reported in the present paper. Structural characterization of Y_2O_3 nanoparticles was accomplished using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy measurements.     

B2O3对高铝渣稳定性的影响

为了明确B₂O₃对高Al₂O₃渣稳定性的影响,基于现场高炉渣的实际成分,通过熔体物性测定仪、扫描电镜、红外光谱仪分析了B₂O₃对高Al₂O₃渣黏度和基础玻璃微观结构的影响。结果表明,随着B₂O₃含量的增加,炉渣黏度降低;当炉渣温度低于1 360 ℃时,炉渣随着B₂O₃的增加稳定性增强;炉渣温度为1 216 ℃、B₂O₃质量分数为2.0%时,炉渣的稳定性最好。随着B₂O₃含量的增加,炉渣不断玻璃化,当B₂O₃质量分数为2.0%时,炉渣微观结构完全是玻璃态结构,表现为假性酸性渣的性质;随着B₂O₃含量的增加,[Si-O-Al]键断裂,[AlO₆]八面体结构振动峰增加,炉渣的稳定性越来越好。     

Research on Y2O3：Eu Phosphor Coated with In2O3

Y2O3：Eu red phosphor for FED application was prepared by high temperature solid-state reaction. The In2O3 coating by precipitation method to the phosphor was applied and the analyses of XRD, Zeta potential, SEM, EDS and low voltage cathodoluminescence （CL） were conducted for investigating the coating effect. The results showed that In2O3 coating promoted the low voltage CL of the phosphor efficiently. The promotion was possibly due to the enhancement of the surface conductivity of the phosphor grains.     

Thermodynamics of nitrogen in CaO-SiO2-AI2O3 slags and its reaction with Fe-Csat. melts

The solubility of nitrogen as the nitride ion in CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃ slags in equilibrium with N₂-CO gas mixtures and carbon was measured at 1823 K. The nitride capacity (C _N3-) was calculated to compare the nitrogen contents measured under different nitrogen and oxygen potentials.C _N3- decreased with increasing basicity and by replacing SiO₂ with A1₂O₃. The nitrogen partition ratio between carbon saturated iron and the slag was measured in CO gas at one atmosphere at 1823 K. By comparing the partition ratios with the corresponding nitride capacities measured by the gas-slag experiments, it was concluded that the oxygen partial pressure at the slag-metal interface was controlled by the Fe-FeO reaction. A new definition of nitride capacity was proposed based on the reaction between nitrogen and the network former,i.e., SiO₂ or A1₂O₃. This capacity could consistently explain the experimental results. Empirical equations were derived to estimate the activity coefficients of silicon and aluminum nitrides in the slags. On leave of absence from the Research Institute of Mineral Dressing and Metallurgy, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.