1例老年妇女健康评估的报告

为发现当代老年人存在的健康问题和他们的健康需要，对一位澳洲老年妇女实施了全方位的评估，包括系统的护理问诊和一次彻底的体格检查。结果表明通过全方位的评估，可以做出正确的护理诊断和护理计划。通过此次评估发现老年人存在许多不正常的生理和心理上的改变，对此需要特殊的心理和身体护理，包括特殊的皮肤护理、日常生活护理和疾病护理。     

上海某社区老年人家庭护理需求的调查分析

目的调查分析上海市某社区老年人家庭护理服务需求的现状，为开展家庭护理服务和制定服务内容规划提供依据。方法编制社区老年人家庭护理需求评估表，通过专业医护人员对500名老年人的健康功能状况和家庭护理服务需求进行入户评估。结果81．2％的老年人有家庭护理服务需求，其中44．4％有3项或以上的服务需求。结论老年人对家庭护理服务有较大的需求，开展家庭护理符合老年人的健康需要。老年人最需要健康教育、心理护理、康复护理和预防保健等服务。     

将中医护理融入《老年护理》教学中的探讨

《老年护理》是以老年人为研究对象,从其健康需要出发,研究自然、社会、文化教育和生理、心理等因素对其健康的影响,探求运用护理程序解决老年人健康问题,使老年人获得或维持最佳的健康状态和平静地离世,从而提高老年人生活质量的一门学科[1]。近年来,中医在养生保健、疾病护理、康复护理等方面     

戴用可摘义齿老年人的口腔护理

目的通过总结近年来行之有效的针对戴用可摘义齿老年人的口腔护理技术和方法,达到改善老年人口腔健康状况,提高老年人生活质量的目的。方法包括传统的口腔护理技术、义齿的处理方法、心理护理和健康教育等。结果应用多种护理技术相结合的方法,戴用可摘义齿老年人的口腔卫生状况得到明显改善。结论戴用可摘义齿老年人口腔卫生状况较差,需要加强口腔卫生知识宣教。     

老年人社会心理健康状况调查及家庭护理

随着社会人口的老龄化,老年问题尤其是老年人的医疗保健问题日趋突出。健康是老年人的第一需要,建立和实施全方位的老年人社会保障和社会服务是当务之急。老年人的疾病既有一般健康人的心理特点,又有病态的特殊表现。为了解老年人的心理卫生状况,作者对老年人心身健康状况进行调查,以便掌握老年人生理和心理特点,从而掌握护理技术中的心理知识,采取针对性护理,使之起到药物治疗所起不到的作用。     

城市社区老年人健康状况及其护理服务需求的调查

目的调查社区老年人健康状况及护理需求,旨在探讨符合社区老年人的护理服务体系.方法以适合于调查老年人身体与心理健康的特征性问卷作为筛查工具进行调查.结果老年人慢性病患病率70.2%,8.0%的老年人认知功能受损,34.3%的老年人生活能力减退,并有22.9%的老年人存在不同程度的抑郁症状.他们需要得到家庭与社区护理服务的支持.结论为满足人口老龄化的需求,应建立规范化的社区老年护理服务体系,如早期发现病人,个例护理方案、教育干预、支持服务体系,以及健康生活质量评估等.以便达到老年保健目标:增进健康,增强生活自理能力和肢体最佳功能,防止可避免的健康状况下降,以及提高生活质量.     

浅谈疗养院健康教育与整体护理的实施

随着疗养事业的深入发展和疗养护理工作内涵的不断拓宽,建立以疗养员为中心,以解决疗养员存在或潜在的健康问题为重点,实施以健康教育为内容的整体护理是疗养护理专业发展的需要和趋势,符合疗养员的健康状况和心理需求。疗养院护理工作服务的主要对象是:体弱多病的老年人,慢性病患者,伤病所导致的残疾人以及从事特殊职业或科研的科技人员,特殊的服务群体,使得疗养院的健康工作显得尤为重要。它是疗养护理工作的重要组成部分,对提高疗养护理质量有着决定性的作用。我院目前开展的整体护理是以现代护理为指导,以护理程度为框架,根据疗养员…     

对癌症病人化疗后症状的评估及辅助姑息护理

为提高对癌症化疗病人个人需要的护理质量 ,应采用癌症病人化疗后系统症状评估标准 ,以达到降低癌症病人的痛苦 ,进一步提高癌症病人的生存质量的目的。通过对癌症病人化疗后的标准评估使其在身体、心理、社会和精神上得到全方位的护理     

护理程序在心理护理中的应用

随着以现代护理观为指导,以护理程序为核心的系统化整体护理在临床的普及推广,对病人进行全方位护理,即不仅为人们提供躯体生理需要的服务,还包括心理需要的服务[1],已成为现代护理学发展的趋势。用护理程序规范护理行为,按护理程序的科学方法帮助病人解决心理问题,已日益为护理工作者接受和应用。1心理护理程序1．1评估收集心理问题资料并整理分析评估是护理程序的基础,也是优化心理护理模式的前提。评估的准确性直接关系整套护理计划实施的可行性[2]。通过评估,收集患者心理问题资料共整理分析．从而得到共性和个性化的心理特征…     

老年抑郁症病人的心理护理研究进展

介绍心理护理在老年抑郁症病人护理中的应用研究进展,包括常见心理护理方法及中医情志护理等,探讨针对老年抑郁症病人更合理、更有效的心理护理措施,以增进老年抑郁症病人的健康,提升老年人生活质量.     

高危孕妇待产期间的评估和整体护理

目的:探讨护理人员对高危孕妇围产期间的评估和实施整体护理的方法。方法:以对高危待产孕妇实施整体护理的经验为基础,从高危病人病史、身体状态、睡眠状况、情绪、社会文化等方面及对其家属进行详细评估,充分了解其生理、心理过程,给予适时的心理支持和护理。结果:高危妊娠的病人会因自身的妊娠合并症或并发症的影响在待产期间引发焦虑、恐惧等心理,护理人员经给予适时的心理支持和整体护理,减少了孕产妇和围产儿的死亡率。结论:对高危孕产妇进行评估和整体护理能降低其合并症的发病率,改善护患关系,提高护理服务质量。     

浅谈脑出血病人的整体护理

对脑出血患者实施整体护理，首先制定出此病共同的护理问题。精心收集个人资料，根据个体差异确定护理诊断，并根据脑出血的不同时期做出护理措施及健康教育指导。从多角度、多层次满足病人的生理需要、社会需要、健康需要，体现整体护理的整体、系统性，从而达到良好的治疗效果。     

整体护理在老年慢性心力衰竭患者中的临床应用

目的探讨整体护理在老年慢性心力衰竭患者中的临床应用,以提供适合老年患者的最佳护理。方法94例老年慢性心力衰竭患者随机分为观察组（60例）和对照组（34例）,观察组实施整体护理,对照组则进行常规护理,出院后定期随访,观察180d内慢性心衰复发再人院率、2次以上再入院率、病死率、护理服务满意度。结果180d内再入院率和2次以上再入院率观察组分别为32．0％和10．8％,对照组分别为58．2％和32．5％,两组比较差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）;观察组的病死率、护理服务满意度分别为7．8％、91．2％,对照组分别为12．4％和52．6％（P〈0．05）。结论整体护理在老年慢性心力衰竭患者中的临床应用,更有利于老年慢性心力衰竭患者的治疗与康复,有助于减少慢性心衰的复发,提高患者的生活质量。     

我国系统化整体护理发展状况十年回顾

系统化整体护理引入我国已经10年。回顾 10年来我国整体护理的发展历程、所带来的变化及制约我国整体护理进一步全面、深入发展的主要原因。     

Physical assessment: implications for nurse educators and nursing practice

AIM: In New Zealand, the physical assessment of a patient has traditionally been the domain of the medical profession. As a country implementing advanced practice roles, with an expectation that both nurse practitioners and registered nurses will use physical assessment skills, the relevancy of physical assessment for each scope of practice has currency. The aim of this literature review was to discover what could be learnt from the experiences of Western countries that already incorporate physical assessment skills into nurses' health assessment. FINDINGS: Nurses in the USA, and more recently Canada and Australia, readily incorporate physical assessment skills into their nursing practice as a component of health assessment. The international literature identified that any change to the nurse's role in health assessment, to include physical assessment skills, requires strategies that involve the regulatory, educational and practice components of nursing. CONCLUSION: Nurses and other health professionals must perceive that this role expansion will improve health outcomes for the diverse populations accessing health care. Teaching physical assessment skills within a holistic health model will enable nurses to contribute a more comprehensive health assessment to the planning and monitoring of people's health care.     

上海市社区老年人的长期护理需要

通过问卷调查,获取有关≥65岁社区老人身体、心理、社会健康及机构性养老和社区服务利用的现状,以了解老人的长期护理需要.结果表明老人慢性病发病率高,认知功能减退,社会独立生活能力和日常生活自理能力下降,相当部分老人存在不同程度的抑郁症状和自尊低下,社会支持减少.老人对来自家庭和社会的在身体、心理、社会支持等各方面的长期护理需要量增加.但社区护理尚未广泛开展,对社区卫生服务项目闻所未闻的老人不在少数,利用率和需求率普遍较低.老年护理的现状难以满足老人日益增长的需要,老年护理有待发展和完善.     

The importance of a holistic approach during the perioperative period

Holism is the philospophy of understanding people by addressing factors that affect people in all situations. The goal of holistic nursing is to help patients integrate appropriate self-care into their lives. By providing holistic care, the perioperative nurse can help surgical patients experience fewer problems (eg, surgical trauma, pain, anesthetic complications), reach discharge more quickly, attain satisfaction with health care, and more easily resume normal activities. Holistic nursing may include the use of music, guided imagery, therapeutic massage, play therapy, touch therapy, and communication skills. Successful surgery for the patient means not only recovering but regaining physical, mental, and spiritual health as a whole.     

Functional levels and nurse workload of elderly awaiting nursing home placement and nursing home residents: a comparative study

The aim of this study was twofold: to compare the functional levels of elderly awaiting nursing home placement and nursing home residents, and to compare their nurses’ physical and psychological workloads. In Norway, the demand for nursing home placement has increased greatly. Elderly awaiting placement can receive care from home health care services and/or from their families. Documenting elderly’s functional levels may illuminate the extent of the carers’ workloads and the need for support during the waiting period. The study was conducted in 2005 on two groups in northern Norway. Using the Multi‐Dimensional Dementia Assessment Scale to assess functional levels, one group of nurses assessed elderly awaiting nursing home placement (n = 36) and another group of nurses assessed nursing home residents (n = 47). The nurses also reported physical and psychological workloads in caring for these elderly. A comparison of the functional levels between elderly awaiting nursing home placement and nursing home residents showed few statistically significant differences. Nursing home residents had two lower motor functions, needed more assistance with activities of daily living, more regular administration of enemas, were more often unable to speak, and showed lower orientation levels. Clinically significant similarities were found in five motor functions, including rising from lying to sitting, rising out of bed and walking, and in behavioural and psychiatric symptoms. Both groups of elderly had a high prevalence of sadness and fearfulness. The results of this study indicate that elderly awaiting nursing home placement can be as frail as nursing home residents. These results highlight the elderly’s need for assistance and reveal the need for more nursing home beds. Nurses in home health care and nursing homes rated physical and psychological workloads similarly. As many carers provide care 24 hours a day, these results also illuminate the need to support carers during the waiting period.     

整体护理程序对改善社区围绝经期妇女身心健康效果的调查研究

目的 探讨整体护理程序对改善社区围绝经期妇女身心健康的效果.方法 将入选者随机分为干预组与对照组各108例.采用SCL-90症状自评量表评定病人的心理状态;采用自行设计的"社区围绝经期妇女健康知识调查"了解患者对围绝经期相关知识的认知及自我保健的掌握情况;采用SF-36健康调查量表评定生存质量.结果 干预组实施整体护理干预后SCL-90各因子均较干预前显著降低(P＜0.01);对照组除强迫因子外,其他各因子变化不明显,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).干预后12个月2组生存质量比较,干预组生活质量8个维度显著高于对照组,2组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.01).干预后2组围绝经期相关知识、自我保健掌握情况比较,入组时2组妇女健康知识掌握情况无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论 整体护理干预能改善社区围绝经期妇女的身心健康,是提高社区妇女生存质量的重要措施.