Körperbeschwerden bei Patienten mit Dysphonien

ZusammenfassungHintergrund Ziel der Pilotstudie war: Bei Patienten mit Dysphonien sollte das Auftreten weiterer körperlicher Symptome systematisch erhoben werden im Hinblick auf Geschlechtsspezifität und ein möglicherweise unterschiedliches Störungsspektrum bei funktionellen und organischen Dysphonien.Probanden und Methode Es wurden 80 Patienten (50 Frauen, 30 Männer) im Alter von 18–60 Jahren mit Dysphonien benigner Ursache strukturiert phoniatrisch untersucht. Als Testinstrument für die Erhebung anderer körperlicher Beschwerden diente der Gießener Beschwerdebogen GBB-24, als Kontrollgruppe das Normkollektiv aus der Literatur. Die statistische Analyse erfolgte mittels des nicht parametrischen Vier-Felder-Tests.Ergebnisse Das Gesamtkollektiv dysphoner Frauen zeigte mit Ausnahme der Subskala Gliederschmerzen signifikant auffällige Werte, das der Männer hatte beim Vergleich mit dem Normkollektiv bei der Subskala Gliederschmerzen und beim Beschwerdedruck signifikant auffällige Werte (p<0,05). Unabhängig vom Geschlecht bestand bei der Gegenüberstellung funktionell und organisch dysphoner Patienten kein signifikanter Unterschied (p>0,05).Fazit Patienten mit funktionellen und organischen Dysphonien leiden gehäuft unter weiteren körperlichen Beschwerden. Daher wird die Annahme verworfen, funktionelle Dysphonien seien nosologisch grundsätzlich als somatoforme Störung zu klassifizieren.     

Aktueller Stand der Lebensqualitätsmessung bei Patienten mit chronischer Otitis media und Schallleitungsschwerhörigkeit

The evaluation of results after middle ear reconstruction has been mainly based on functional parameters. In clinical practice as well as in otological research, the pure tone audiogram represents the gold standard in the assessment of the postoperative outcome. In order to assess the patient’s subjective outcome, outcome analyzes focus increasingly on the health-related quality of life (HRQOL). However, the evaluation of HRQOL requires reliable and validated measuring instruments. A modest number of validated questionnaires for determination of the disease-specific HRQOL in patients with chronic otitis media and/or conductive hearing loss are currently available. Three of seven available questionnaires were developed and validated in the German-speaking countries, the Zurich Chronic Middle Ear Inventory 21 (ZCMEI-21), the Chronic Otitis Media Outcome Test 15 (COMOT-15) and the Stapesplasty Outcome Test 25 (SPOT-25). In this review, all seven available disease-specific measuring instruments as well as the generic questionnaires, which were used in previous clinical trials, are explained and current findings of quality-of-life research in patients with chronic otitis media and/or conductive hearing loss are presented.     

Diskrimination musikalischer Tonhöhen bei Patienten mit Kochleaimplantat

Background

Numerous people with cochlear implants (CI) report difficulties in listening to music even though they understand speech quite well. One reason for this is a limited perception of pitch and timbre. In this study ability of adult CI subjects to discriminate musical pitch is investigated.

Patients and methods

In two psychoacoustic experiments, each conducted in 10 adult CI subjects provided with MED-EL Combi 40+ cochlear implant devices and a control group of subjects with normal hearing, individual discrimination abilities for musical pitch perception were determined. To investigate the influence of the group of instruments on discrimination ability, stimuli representing four different groups of instruments were used: woodwind (clarinet), brass (trumpet), strings (violin) and keyboard instruments (piano).

Results

The discrimination thresholds determined varied between individual CI subjects, and on average they were significantly higher for the piano than for the other three instruments.

Conclusions

The results show that in subjects with CI pitch perception differs from instrument to instrument and is in general worse than in persons with normal hearing.     

Lokale Medikamententherapie bei Innenohrschwerhörigkeit

HNO - Zu den Indikationen für eine lokale Medikamententherapie bei Innenohrschwerhörigkeit gehören z.&nbsp;B. Hörsturz, M.&nbsp;Menière, autoimmunassoziierter...     

Hörgeräteerfolgskontrolle mit dem Freiburger Einsilbertest

The benefit of hearing aids is not always directly subjectively perceivable. Therefore, objective and quantifiable speech audiometric measurements are required. Beside acoustic gain measurements and structured interviews, speech audiometry in quiet and in noise is one of the three pillars of hearing aid evaluation.     

Zur Frage der progressiven Schwerhörigkeit durch Atrophie des Cortischen Organes

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Ergebnisse einiger Funktionsuntersuchungen bei acuten Erkrankungen des Mittelohres und des Gehörganges

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Teilimplantierbare Hörgeräte bei Schallempfindungsschwerhörigkeit und kombinierter Schwerhörigkeit

In recent years semi-implantable hearing aids have become an established option in the treatment of sensorineural hearing loss. In Germany two semi-implantable systems are available, namely the MedEl Soundbridge system and the Otologics MET system, both of which are active middle ear implants. Since 1996 almost 3,500 Soundbridge systems and 300 MET systems have been implanted world-wide. The majority of patients who have received semi-implantable hearing aids consider them to be superior to conventional hearing aids in many respects. Reported benefits include improved speech intelligibility (especially in noise), better sound quality, a more natural sounding own voice and the general advantages of an open ear canal. Implantable hearing systems can be used for a wider range of indications than conventional hearing aids. They are particularly useful in the treatment of patients with high-frequency hearing loss and patients with combined hearing loss. An analysis of the hearing outcomes that have thus far been reported for all patients with a hearing implant shows an average improvement in the hearing threshold by 15 dB, which corresponds to an improvement in hearing of more than 30%. As a consequence semi-implantable hearing systems are an excellent addition to the existing range of conventional hearing aids.     

Zwei Fälle von „traumatischer” Schwerhörigkeit mit Gehörsteigerung nach Eingeben von Salyrgan

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Evaluation des Freiburger Einsilbertests im Störschall

Background

The Freiburg speech test has been the gold standard in speech audiometry in Germany for many years. Previously, however, this test had not been evaluated in assessing the effectiveness of a hearing aid in background noise. Furthermore, the validity of particular word lists used in the test has been questioned repeatedly in the past, due to a suspected higher variation within these lists as compared to the other word list used.

Patients and methods

In this prospective study, two groups of subjects [normal hearing control subjects and patients with SNHL (sensorineural hearing loss) that had been fitted with hearing aid] were examined. In a first group, 113 control subjects with normal age- and gender-related pure tone thresholds were assessed by means of the Freiburg monosyllabic test under free-field conditions at 65 dB. The second group comprised 104 patients that had been fitted with hearing aids at least 3 months previously to treat their SNHL. Members of the SNHL group were assessed by means of the Freiburg monosyllabic test both with and without hearing aids, and in the presence or absence of background noise (CCITT-noise; 65/60 dB signal-noise ratio, in accordance with the Comité Consultatif International Téléphonique et Télégraphique), under free-field conditions at 65 dB.

Results

The first (control) group exhibited no gender-related differences in the Freiburg test results. In a few instances, inter-individual variability of responses was observed, although the reasons for this remain to be clarified. Within the second (patient) group, the Freiburg test results under the four different measurement conditions differed significantly from each other (p>0.05). This group exhibited a high degree of inter-individual variability between responses. In light of this, no significant differences in outcome could be assigned to the different word lists employed in the Freiburg speech test.

Conclusion

The Freiburg monosyllabic test is able to assess the extent of hearing loss, as well as the effectiveness of a fitted hearing aid, in the presence or absence of background-noise (CCITT-noise). The present study could not evidence statistically significant differences in outcome when using the different word lists in this test battery.     

Bestrahlung des Epipharynx mit Radio-Kobalt bei Schalleitungsstörungen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

„Zur Ätiologie des Scharlachs”

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 4 Abbildungen.     

Ergebnisse einiger Funktionsuntersuchungen bei acuten Erkrankungen des Mittelohres und des Gehörganges

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Zur Prüfung des Tongehöres mit Stimmgabeln

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Über die quantitative und qualitative Prüfung des Cochlearapparates mit hohen Tönen in Luftleitung bei Nervenschwerhörigkeit

Ohne Zusammenfassung