高密度发光材料γ-Bi2WO6:Pr3+的发光性质研究

研究了用固相法制备的高密度发光材料γ-Bi2WO6Pr3+的结构、光致发光光谱、激发谱和γ-Bi2WO6的漫反射谱.由实验测得它的晶格参数为a=5.45A,b=16.42A,c=5.43A,密度Dx=9.53g/cm3.它的光致发光光谱主发射峰位于600、608、611、629nm,分别来自于pr3+的1D2→3H4、3P0→3H5、3P0→3H6、3P0→3F2跃迁的发射.其激发谱由位于约225～430nm范围内、最大值约在372nm的主激发带和450nm的激发峰组成;主激发带来自于基质,可能是基质的带间吸收、W-O间电荷迁移吸收和缺陷能级的吸收;450nm的激发峰来自于pr3+的3H4→3P2跃迁吸收.BWOPr3+的最佳掺杂浓度为0.8mol%左右.     

Up-conversion fluorescence of Tm3+ and Gd3+ in Yb3+/Tm3+ co-doped Gd2O3 nanocrystals

Through a co-precipitation method Gd(OH)3:20%Yb3+, 1%Tm3+ nanorods were synthesized. After sintered at 900 degrees C for 1 h in air, the as-prepared Gd(OH)3:20%Yb3+, 1%Tm3+ nanorods were converted into Gd2O3:20%Yb3+, 1% Tm3+ nanocrystals. Crystalline phases, sizes, and morphologies of the two samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscope. The up-conversion (UC) fluorescence spectra of the Gd2O3:20%Yb3+, 1%Tm3+ nanocrystals were recorded by using a fluorescence spectrophotometer with a 980 nm continuous wave laser diode as excitation source. The nanocrystals not only present characteristic blue and ultraviolet (UV) UC emissions of activated Tm3+, but also show UV UC emissions of host Gd3+. The experimental study suggests that the excitation power has great effects on UC fluorescence properties and the energy transfer from Tm3+ to Gd3+ is very efficient.     

La3+ and Ce3+ Doping of Hard-Magnetic Ferrites

Rare-earth-doped ferrites with the general formula M_{1 – x} R _x · nFe₂O₃ (M = Ba, Sr, Pb; R = La, Ce; x = 0–0.1; n = 4–6) are prepared by solid-state combustion synthesis. The effects of the doping procedure (before or after combustion synthesis), dopant content, and heat-treatment conditions on the magnetic and mechanical properties of the ferrites are examined. The results indicate that doped materials can be used to fabricate permanent magnets with enhanced density, remanence, and energy product. In addition, rare-earth doping improves the strength of the ferrite materials, eliminating their main drawback—inherent brittleness.     

Gd3+-Tb3+能量转移与Tb3+自敏化效应对重金属锗酸盐玻璃发光性能的影响

研究了一组Tb^3 掺杂重金属锗酸盐玻璃的发光特性。玻璃样品的X射线激发发射光谱结果显示,玻璃基质中由Gd^3 离子向发光中心Tb^3 的能量转移机制以及在一定浓度范围内Tb^3 之间的交叉弛豫过程对玻璃的发光性能有重要影响。前者表现在Gd^3 紫外发射光的减弱及Tb^3 绿发射光的增强,后者则显示Tb^3 在一定浓度范围内所特有的自敏化效应,使其蓝发射光减弱、绿发射光增强。第3种稀土离子La^3 的引入对发光中心Tb^3 离子具有分离效应,使Tb^3 之间的交叉弛豫概率降低,蓝发射光增强。     

Gd3+为敏化剂的掺Tb3+硅酸盐闪烁玻璃

实验制备了以Tb³⁺为激活剂、Gd³⁺为敏化剂的硅酸盐闪烁玻璃, 研究了Tb₂O₃和Gd₂O₃含量对玻璃密度和玻璃折射率, 以及对玻璃在紫外光激发和X射线激发条件下的光学光谱特性的影响. 通过研究Tb³⁺/Gd³⁺共掺闪烁玻璃的激发与发光特性、荧光寿命, 结合稀土离子能级结构, 分析了Gd³⁺→Tb³⁺离子之间的能量转移与传递机制. 结果表明：在紫外激发条件下, 大量引入Tb₂O₃和Gd₂O₃可提高Gd³⁺→Tb³⁺离子之间的能量传递效率, 有利于Tb³⁺离子的绿色发光; 但是在X射线激发条件下大量引入Tb³⁺离子, 由于缺陷数增加而弱化Tb³⁺离子荧光.     

Adiabatic demagnetization of Er3+ or Nd3+ substituted YAG

The paramagnetic salts, eg alums, usually employed in adiabatic demagnetization experiments are inconvenient because of their tendency to dehydration, etc. The refractive oxides with magnetic impurities seem to be more favourable. The authors describe the results obtained with Er³⁺ and Nd³⁺ substituted yttrium aluminium garnets (YAG). Final temperatures reached after adiabatic demagnetization are comparable to those obtained with cerium magnesium nitrate. The paper illustrates the possible use of Er³⁺ and Nd³⁺ substitued in YAG for creating a very simple device for obtaining low temperatures in the mK region by adiabatic demagnetization.     

Bi3+、Y3+掺杂对Gd2(MoO4)3:Eu3+发光性能的影响

采用高温固相法制备Bi3+、Y3+掺杂LED用小颗粒红色荧光粉Gd2(MoO4)3∶Eu3+.通过X粉晶衍射仪、F-4500荧光分光光度计、JSM-35CF型扫描电子显微镜对离子掺杂后的红色荧光粉进行检测和表征.结果表明,经过Bi3+、Y3+掺杂,红色荧光粉Gd2(MoO4)3∶Eu3+的相对发光强度提高,荧光粉晶体的结构完整、颗粒细小均匀,平均粒径约为2靘,具有较好的涂覆性能,能满足白光LED用红色荧光粉的要求.     

Efficiency dependence on the Tm3+ and Al3+ concentrations for Tm3+-doped silica double-clad fiber lasers

We present measurements of the slope efficiency and the pump power at threshold for a number of Tm3+-doped silica double-clad fiber lasers that incorporate fibers that have a range of Tm3+ concentrations. We obtain a slope efficiency for the approximately 2-microm 3H4 --> 3H6 laser transition that is greater than the Stokes efficiency limit for a Tm3+ concentration as low as 1.3 wt. %. These results indicate that the cross relaxation process, 3F4, 3H6 --> 3H4, 3H4, has a significant effect on the efficiency of the laser despite the relatively short lifetime of the 3F4 energy level. Energy migration of the excitation at the 3F4 level through the process 3F4, 3H6 --> 3H6, 3F4 may be enhancing the cross-relaxation mechanism. We also show the importance of reducing the level of clustering of the Tm3+ ion when it is doped into silica by use of appropriate amounts of Al3+ codopant. For Tm3+ concentrations of >1 wt. %, Al3+/Tm3+ concentration ratios of > 10 are recommended forreducing scattering losses, quenching the lifetime, or both.     

Pr3+摩尔浓度对CaTiO3:Pr3+红色长余辉材料的影响

制备了不同Pr^3 摩尔浓度下的CaTiOs：Pr^3 红色长余辉材料，测量了磷光体的的初始亮度、余辉曲线、激发光谱和发射光谱、热释光曲线。研究发现CaTiO3：Pr^3 合适的Pr^3 摩尔浓度为0．1％—0．2％，在该摩尔浓度下，材料具有较好初始亮度和余辉时间。     

Green photoluminescence of Tb3+ and Ce3+ doped mullite nanoparticles

Mullite have been actively surveyed, but as luminescent host materials, lanthanide doped mullite receive little attention. In this work, terbium and cerium co-doped mullite nanoparticles have been synthesized by co-precipitation process. These as-prepared mullite nanocrystals were characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that these nanoparticles are roughly spherical in shape and vary in size from 30 to 45 nm. The phase structures of these nanoparticles were investigated by X-ray diffraction. The results indicated that these nanoparticles crystallized well, and the peak positions and intensities agree well with the data for bulk mullite. Their fluorescence properties have been explored in detail and the resulting Al₆Si₂O₁₃: 8%Tb,0.1%Ce nanoparticles showed the typical emission bands centered at 490, 542 and 590 nm.     

Eu3+、Dy3+和Er3+对制备堇青石晶相转变的对比表征

以菱镁矿风化石、工业Al2O3和SiO2微粉为原料,固相反应烧结合成制备堇青石.通过在反应物中分别加入不同含量的Eu2O3、Dy2O3和Er2O3,研究分析和对比了Eu3+、Dy3+和Er3+对堇青石晶相组成、晶粒大小、晶胞常数、结晶度及显微结构的影响.采用XRD和SEM表征试样中的晶相和显微结构,利用X'Pert Plus 软件对结晶相的晶胞参数和结晶度进行分析,采用半定量法对试样晶相组成进行计算,利用Scherrer公式计算堇青石的晶粒大小.结果表明:由于Eu2O3、Dy2O3和Er2O3的加入,通过固相反应烧结所得堇青石试样中出现了莫来石相,Eu3+、Dy3+和Er3+对Mg2+的置换作用改变了堇青石相晶格常数和晶胞体积.随着添加剂含量的增加,堇青石结构中液相量增加,相对结晶度降低,常温致密度提高,堇青石晶粒粒径减小.综合对比分析,Eu2O3对堇青石晶相转变的影响程度最弱,Er2O3对堇青石晶相转变的影响程度最强,对提高合成堇青石的烧结性和热震稳定性效果最好.     

Synthesis of LaF3: Yb3+ ,Ln3+ nanoparticles with improved upconversion luminescence

Yb³⁺/Er³⁺ and Yb³⁺/Tm³⁺ co-doped LaF₃ nanoparticles with upconversion luminescence properties were prepared via the co-precipitation method, followed by heat treatment at different temperatures in the range of 180°C to 600°C. We investigated the influence of heat treatment temperatures on the size, morphology, and upconversion luminescence intensity of the nanoparticles. Significant increases of the particle size and upconversion luminescence intensity of the nanoparticles were observed with increasing heat treatment temperature. The upconversion mechanism of the LaF₃:Yb³⁺,Er³⁺ and LaF₃:Yb³⁺,Tm³⁺ nanoparticles was also discussed.     

Yb3+-Tm3+共掺BiOBr纳米晶的近红外上转换发光特性研究

采用水热法合成了Yb³⁺-Tm³⁺共掺BiOBr纳米晶, 研究了其上转换发光性能。在980 nm光激发下, 样品中Tm³⁺离子实现了³H₄→³H₆、¹G₄→³F₄和¹G₄→³H₆跃迁, 进而发出强烈的近红外光(801 nm)和较弱的红光(655 nm)与蓝光(485 nm)。探讨了样品的上转换发光机理, 上转换发光强度与激发功率的关系表明在980 nm激发下Tm³⁺的蓝光和红光发射为三光子过程, 而近红外发光为双光子过程。随着Yb³⁺浓度增加, 近红外发光显著增强, 近红外光与蓝光(I_{801 nm}/I_{485 nm})的发光强度比高达71.4。研究结果表明, Yb³⁺-Tm³⁺共掺BiOBr纳米晶在生物荧光标记领域具有潜在的应用前景。     

Ultraviolet upconversion fluorescence of Er3+ in Yb3+/Er3+-codoped Gd2O3 nanotubes

Under 980 nm excitation, room-temperature ultraviolet (UV) upconversion (UC) emissions of Er3+ from the 4G(9/2), 2K(13/2), and 2P(3/2) states were observed in Gd2O3:Yb3+/Er3+ nanotubes, which were synthesized via a simple wet-chemical route at low temperature and ambient pressure followed by a subsequent heat treatment at 800 degrees C. The experimental results exhibited that these UV emissions came from four-photon UC processes. In the Gd2O3:Yb3+/Er3+ nanocrystals, the energy transfers (ETs) from Yb3+ to Er3+ played important roles in populating the high-energy states of Er3+ ions. This material provides a possible candidate for building UV compact solid-state lasers or fiber lasers.