平板运动试验假阳性的影响因素分析

目的探讨平板运动试验假阳性的相关影响因素,提高平板运动试验对冠心病的诊断价值。方法入选资料完整的153例运动平板试验阳性患者。所有患者均于入院2周内进行冠状动脉造影检查。根据冠脉造影结果分为平板运动试验真阳性组(n=82)和假阳性组(n=71),对比分析2组患者的临床资料及平板运动试验数据。结果 2组患者在性别、射血分数、运动时间方面存在显著性差异。结论运动平板试验作为辅诊冠心病的无创检查方法 ,具有简便、经济的优势,但存在一定的假阳性率,评价平板运动试验结果应结合患者年龄、病史特点、运动量以及伴随症状进行综合分析,以提高对冠心病诊断的准确性。     

150例平板运动试验阳性患者冠脉造影结果分析

目的探讨平板运动试验对冠心病的诊断价值。方法对150例平板运动试验(TET)阳性患者行冠状动脉造影术(CAG),根据冠脉造影结果分为真阳性组与假阳性组,比较两组患者年龄、性别的差异;统计真阳性组患者病变支数与性别的相关性;比较两组ST段偏移导联的差别;分析两组的运动试验参数与CAG的关系。结果①平板运动试验真阳性率为60%,其中男性为64.29%,女性为47.37%。②在真阳性组中男性患单支、双支及多支病变的比例明显高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。③下壁导联ST段改变假阳性率高(P<0.05)。④运动总时间、最大ST段下移幅度、ST段下移出现时间及ST段下移持续时间的比较显示,两组之间有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论平板运动试验是一项诊断冠心病较理想的非创伤性检查方法。如果运动中结合多项运动参数全面综合分析,可以提高诊断准确率。     

运动平板实验与冠脉造影在冠心病诊断中的价值比较

目的观察及分析予以冠心病患者采取运动平板实验和冠脉造影进行诊断的效果,并且进行应用价值的对比。方法对我院2016年6月~2017年2月门诊符合运动平板试验适应症的临床可疑冠心病患者120例,均行运动平板实验与冠脉造影,对比分析两种方法的灵敏度和特异度,假阳性率和假阴性率。此外,比较运动平板实验阳性的患者的冠脉造影血管狭窄情况。结果运动平板试验阳性43例(35.8%),冠脉造影有改变者30例(30.8%);运动平板实验阴性77例,冠脉造影有改变15例,运动平板试验与冠脉造影对比假阳性率与假阴性率分别为30.2%和32.4%;运动平板实验的灵敏度和特异度分别为69.8%和80%。在运动平板实验中呈现阳性结果的患者存在着比较明显的血管病变。结论实施运动平板实验和冠脉造影进行诊断的方法,均具备各自的优缺点,均不能完全排除假阳性和假阴性的结果,但运动平板实验的灵敏度和特异度较高,且是一种无创、简单、安全的冠心病诊断方法,能够提高诊断准确率,便于患者尽早接受对症治疗。     

冠心病患者平板运动试验与冠脉造影结果对比分析

目的：通过与冠脉造影对比,探讨平板运动试验结果阳性在冠心病诊断中的价值及意义。方法选择128例疑为冠心病患者为研究对象,分别行平板运动试验和冠脉造影,并对比分析两种检查结果。结果平板运动试验对冠心病诊断的敏感性为88．76％,特异性为61．54％;对男性冠心病患者诊断的敏感性为96．92％,特异性为71．43％,均显著高于女性,差异有统计学意义;对冠状动脉多支病变的诊断真阳性率高于单支病变,差异均有统计学意义。结论平板运动试验在冠心病诊断方面有较高的敏感性和特异性,虽然会出现假阳性和假阴性现象,但因其安全、无创、简便、经济等优点,值得临床推广。     

冠脉血流储备和平板运动试验在评估冠脉狭窄病变功能的价值

目的分析冠脉血流储备功能测定和平板运动试验用于评估冠脉狭窄病变功能学影响严重性的价值。方法选择性入选2011年3月-2012年3月52例冠心病住院患者,进行运动平板试验、冠脉造影和冠脉血流储备分数(Coronary Fractional Flow Reserve简称FFR)测定。根据FFR值分为2组:A组24例FFR<0.75和B组28例FFR≥0.75,收集两组资料,随访约12个月。结果 A组24例运动平板试验均为阳性,予以植入支架治疗。在支架植入术后15分钟重复测定FFR值均高于0.75;并在介入术后第5天,A组患者重复运动平板试验结果均恢复正常。B组有25例患者运动平板试验阴性,有3例患者运动试验阳性,FFR方法可产生假阴性。所有B组患者均未进行PCI干预,而以最佳的药物治疗。28例患者临床平均随访12个月,无缺血性冠脉事件及紧急血运重建事件发生。FFR对冠脉狭窄病变功能学诊断的敏感性为88.9%,特异性为100%;阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为100%和89.3%;其准确性为94.2%。结论 FFR是一个评估冠脉狭窄病变功能严重性值得信赖的指标。     

阳性运动试验与冠脉造影的关系

对47例心电图平板运动试验阳性患者行冠脉造影发现,冠脉正常28例(甲组),冠脉病变19例(乙组)。甲组的运动时间、最大心率、心率与收缩压的乘积及运动量显著高于乙组,但两组运动时ST段下移的开始和持续时间及下移程度相似。甲组年龄、典型心绞痛、高脂血症、糖尿病发生率和吸烟例数显著低于乙组,两组高血压发生率无明显差异。因此,应综合分析运动试验各项测值和临床表现,以提高运动试验对冠心病的诊断价值。     

运动试验恢复期收缩压异常升高诊断冠心病的初步探讨

目的 探讨运动后收缩压异常升高对冠心病的诊断价值，以及高血压对其诊断准确性的影响。方法 88例先后行平板运动试验和冠脉造影的患，根据高血压的有无和冠脉造影结果分组。以运动后恢复早期6min内，收缩压后期比前期升高≥10mmHg为收缩压异常升高的阳性判定标准。结果 收缩压异常升高诊断冠心病的敏感性、特异性、准确性，高于ST段压低标准；其敏感性与冠脉病变程度成正比，其升高值亦与冠脉病变成正相关；在非高血压组其诊断的准确性较高，对合并高血压的患，两指标联用的诊断准确性最高。结论 运动后收缩压异常升高可作为诊断冠心病的一个有效指标。     

运动试验中室上性早搏ST压低的意义

方法病人选自2200名曾接受活动平板运动试验的冠心病或可疑冠心病者,其中486人发生室上性早搏,从中选出133例经左室造影和冠脉造影者作为研究对象。男101例,女32例,年龄30-67岁。其中96例具有冠脉狭窄,编为A组.余37例没有冠脉病变,编为B组。     

冠脉CTA与运动平板试验在冠心病诊断中的应用价值比较

目的分析冠脉CTA与运动平板试验在冠心病诊断中的应用价值。方法选取2016年8月-2017年12月时间段内来我院就诊的疑似冠心病患者120例,120例患者分别采取冠脉CTA与运动平板试验进行诊断,且120例患者均行冠状动脉造影进行最终确诊,将其作为本次研究的参照标准。分别将采取冠脉CTA与运动平板试验的诊断结果与冠状动脉造影诊断的结果进行对比分析。结果通过冠状动脉造影检查,120例患者中确诊为冠心病的患者66例。通过冠状动脉CT血管成像检查,120例患者中确诊为冠心病的患者64例,这64例患者中,包含真阳性60例,假阳性4例。通过平板运动试验检查,120例患者中确诊为冠心病的患者46例,这46例患者中,包含真阳性32例,假阳性14例。冠状动脉CT血管成像对冠心病诊断的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值,均明显高于平板运动试验诊断,P0.05比较差异具有统计学意义。结论与运动平板试验相比,冠脉CTA在冠心病的诊断中具有更高的敏感性、特异性和准取性,可作为一种首选的冠心病诊断方法进行临床推广。     

平板运动试验与冠状动脉造影结果的对照分析

目的:评价平板运动试验在冠心病诊断中的价值。方法:选择262例1月内同时行冠状动脉造影及平板运动试验检查的患者,将这两种检查结果进行对比分析。结果:运动试验诊断冠心病的敏感性60.42％(58/96)、特异性69.88％(116/166)、精确度66.41％(174/262)。在运动时间、运动贮量(最大METs)、峰值血压等方面,冠状动脉造影阳性组与冠状动脉造影阴性组差异明显(P<0.05),双支以上冠脉病变组与单支冠脉病变组对比亦有显著差异(P<0.05)。双支以上病变组平板运动试验阳性率高于单支病变组(P<0.05)。结论:平板运动试验是目前诊断冠心病较理想的非创伤性检查方法,通过多项指标综合判断可以初步推测病变程度。     

Provisional T-stenting and kissing balloon in the treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions: results of the French multicenter "TULIPE" study.

BACKGROUND: In previous prospective studies, a strategy of (a) stenting of the main branch, (b) provisional T-stenting of the side branch, and (c) final kissing balloon inflation, was associated with high success and low target lesion revascularization (TLR) rates on the long-term. OBJECTIVES: To examine the performance of this strategy in a multicenter study. METHODS: Consecutive patients were treated at 14 French medical centers for de novo coronary bifurcation lesions with the same technique used. Immediate results and clinically-driven TLR at 7 months were examined. RESULTS: The mean reference diameters of the main and side branches were 3.2 +/- 0.6 mm and 2.4 +/- 0.5 mm, respectively. The side branch was stented in 34% of patients. A <30% residual stenosis in the main branch was achieved in 99%, <50% in the side branch in 90%, and both in 89% of procedures. The in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular event were a Q-wave and 5 non-Qwaves MI (0.54% and 2.7%). At 7 months of follow-up, 3 patients (1.76%) had died, 1 suffered a non-Q-wave MI (0.59%), and 28 (15.88%) underwent TLR. By multivariate analysis, a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (OR: 0.934), moderate calcifications (OR: 7.86), and non-use of the "jailed" wire technique (OR: 4.26) were associated with reinterventions during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: A strategy of provisional T-stenting with a tubular stent and final kissing balloon angioplasty for the treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions was safe and associated with a low TLR rate at 7 months. This strategy should be applicable to the new era of drug eluting stents.     

Grading the angiographic extent of collateral filling

Angiography frequently demonstrates a collateral circulation in severe coronary artery disease. An easily applicable method to quantify collateral flow might be a useful adjunct for the assessment of the hemodynamic effects of coronary artery disease. The purpose of this study was to validate a visual scaling of the extent of angiographic collateral filling by comparison with flowmeter- and microsphere-derived measurements of collateral flow. In 12 open-chest dogs, collaterals from the circumflex artery were angiographically visualized (n = 80) by creating acute critical left anterior descending artery occlusion. The extent of collateral filling was graded in four levels from 0 = no visible filling to 3 = complete epicardial filling. Collateral filling correlated with the change in flow of the collateral supplying circumflex artery (Q; r = 0.84) which was + 5.3 ±4.6% with grade 1, + 9.1 ±3.5% with grade 2 and + 14.6 ±4.7% with grade 3 (p < 0.01). In parallel, coronary flow reserve decreased from 4.1 ±0.8 with grade 0 to 2.9 ±0.2 with grade 3 (p < 0.01). Colored microspheres were injected subselectively into the circumflex artery of 9 dogs (45 injections). The ratio of microspheres counted in the collateralized myocardium of the left anterior descending artery to the total number injected increased from 0.6 ±0.9% for grade 0 to 17.1 ±2.8% with grade 3 (p < 0.01). Absolute collateral flow derived from microsphere counts averaged 5.5 ±0.9 ml/min with grade 3 and closely correlated with collateral filling grade (r = 0.88). Semiquantitative grading of angiographic collateral filling in response to acute coronary occlusion in a canine model correlates with an increase in collateral source artery flow, absolute collateral flow and a decrease in source artery flow reserve. These data suggest that this scale might be a simple but useful adjunct tool to assess the hemodynamic significance of a collateral circulation.This work was supported by a grant from the NLHBI 1 R01 HL40865. Dr. Schuhlen is the recipient of a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (#Schu657/1-1 and 1–2).     

Embolization complicating coronary angioplasty in the presence of an intracoronary thrombus

Two cases of coronary occlusion and subsequent embolization during percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA) are described. Prior to PTCA, angiographic evidence of intracoronary thrombus was present. Abrupt reclosure after dilation was treated by successful redilation. However, coronary embolization of thrombus debris occurred downstream in one patient and into an adjacent coronary branch in the second patient.     

非罪犯冠脉斑块研究的进展

加强冠心病的二级预防是目前防控急性冠脉综合征（ACS）的重要手段。本文对ACS与非罪犯冠脉斑块的关系作了综述。     

LAD-right ventricular fistula complicating PTCA: Another case

Coronary perforation caused by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) occurs rarely and most often leads to communication to the pericardial space. We report a case where PTCA caused a coronary artery rupture and fistulization to the right ventricular outflow tract. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Diagn. 42:34–36, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Treatment of ruptured coronary aneurysm with a novel covered stent

Coronary artery aneurysms are relatively rare but have been diagnosed with increasing frequency since the advent of coronary arteriography. Their reported incidence varies from 1.5% to 5% with male dominance and a predilection for the right coronary artery (RCA), accounting for over 40% of all cases. The most common etiology amongst adults remains atherosclerosis accounting for 50% of coronary aneurysms. We describe the first use of a novel flexible pericardium covered stent for successful treatment of a ruptured coronary aneurysm in 76 year old lady. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Techniques for palmaz-schatz stent deployment in lesions with a large side branch

Palmaz-Schatz coronary stent implantation in lesions with a large side branch are reported. The first case describes how to manage plaque shifting after stent implantation. The second and third cases demonstrate a kissing balloon predilatation and stent dilatation technique of a bifurcational lesion. The final case demonstrates a stent implantation technique through the stent struts of a previously deployed stent.     

Is short-stay coronary angioplasty safe?

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is usually performed as an inpatient procedure and the patients are monitored for several days afterward. Over a 13-month period, in 91 of 373 PTCA procedures, the clinical condition of the patient did not necessitate inpatient status before PTCA. PTCA was done the day of admission and discharge planned the following. Overall hospital stay was planned as less than 24 hours. PTCA was done in one vessel in 62 patients, two vessels in 24, three vessels in 3, and four vessels in 2 patients. PTCA was initially successful (less than 50% residual stenosis) in 85 patients (93%). In one of these, acute occlusion occurred the next morning and urgent bypass surgery was done. PTCA failed in 6 patients who left the catheterization laboratory with unchanged coronary anatomy. Bypass surgery was performed that day in 2 patients, on another admission in 1 patient, and medical therapy continued in the other 3 patients. Of the 88 patients not receiving same admission bypass surgery, 84 (95%) were discharged in less than 24 h. Hospitalization was prolonged (1-5 days) in 4 patients. This was because of nonobstructive dissection treated with heparin for approximately 24 h in 2 patients; a catheterization site hematoma in 1 patient, and post-PTCA noncardiac chest pain in another. No patient had inhospital myocardial infarction or death. The only late complication was in a patient treated with heparin and monitored for 2 days; 3 weeks later angina returned and he died suddenly. These data suggest PTCA can safely be done in selected patients with both single and multivessel disease in a short stay inhospital setting.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Angiographic demonstration of coronary sinus thrombosis: A potential consequence of trauma to the coronary sinus

Abnormalities of the coronary sinus are rarely encountered. A case is presented demonstrating for the first time the angiographic appearance of coronary sinus thrombosis. This may have been the result of surgical trauma during mitral valve replacement or inadvertent cannulation of the coronary sinus during right heart catheterization or pacemaker insertion. Although the clinical significance of coronary sinus thrombosis is uncertain, obstruction of coronary sinus blood flow should not be deleterious because of multiple anastomoses between the coronary sinus system and the anterior cardiac veins. Difficulty in cannulating the coronary sinus for physiologic studies should suggest the possibility of coronary sinus thrombosis, especially in patients who have undergone mitral valve replacement. This may be confirmed by observing the venous phase of selective left coronary arteriography. Finally, coronary sinus thrombosis may be important as a source of pulmonary emboli. The prevalence of this serious complication requires further study.     

Coronary arteriovenous-arterial fistula

A case of multiple arteriovenous fistulae is described in an adult with coronary artery disease. One of these fistulae drained into the anterior interventricular vein, which in turn communicated with and perfused an obstructed left anterior descending coronary artery.