西畴县杨梅产业发展现状与对策措施

指出了加快西畴县杨梅产业化进程、调整山区经济结构、增加农民收入是当前和今后面临的重要任务。分析了西畴县杨梅产业的发展现状，指出了西畴县杨梅产业发展存在的主要问题，提出了该产业发展的对策措施。     

商南县天保工程后续产业发展对策

一、后续产业发展情况 天保工程实施后，及时调整了林业产业发展思路，积极培育新的经济增长点，大力发展新型替代绿色产业和立体循环经济，后续产业快速发展。苗木培育和花卉种植业发展迅速。工程实施带动了种苗及花卉种植业的快速发展，每年从事该产业的人员近万人，年育苗产苗5，000余万株，产值近2000万元。特色花卉种植和盆景培育发展迅速，兰花种植规模加大，全县养兰累计2．1万盆，产值近千万元，带动上万人致富。     

发展杨树产业必须解决好的几个问题

宜春市委、市政府对发展速生林，尤其是对发展杨树产业十分重视，先后出台了一系列办法和措施，使该产业发展呈现出良好的态势。但是，由于实施“杨树工程”时间不长，多数群众乃至不少基层干部思想准备不足，对发展杨树产业还存在着认识不明确、机制不灵活、政策不到位、措施不力等各种问题。     

构建中国现代竹产业园的思考

现代竹产业园作为竹产业集群的重要载体和组成部分，不仅是当前发展产业集群的需要，更是加快竹产业工业化进程的必然选择。文章通过分析中国建设现代竹产业园的必要性、发展思路、建设模式等，阐述了现代竹产业园对区域经济发展、产业可持续发展及规模效益的意义，并从产业定位、企业运营、政府政策等方面提出了发展中国现代竹产业园的建议。该研究对促进中国竹产业规模化、集约化、协同化发展具有重要意义。     

伊春林区生态产业建设的探讨

生态产业建设，是全面实现小康社会的战略举措，是社会经济可持续发展的本质要求，是科学发展观的重要实践。从伊春林区现有状况入手，简要论述了该地区进行生态产业建设的必要性及可行性，用新的举措发展生态产业及开发生态产业中存在的问题，最后对伊春林区如何进行生态产业建设提出了几点建议。     

试论赣南林产工业现状和今后的发展

阐述了赣南林产工业４０多年发展的历史和现状，提出该产业今后发展的设想     

首部花卉法规《云南花卉产业发展条例》实施

9月1日，《云南省花卉产业发展条例》正式实施。该条例就组织保障、发展规划、科技与开发、引导与扶持、新品种保护、服务与保障等方面，把云南省花卉产业发展在实践中成熟的、操作性强的政策、措施上升为地方性法规，在全国尚属首次。     

辽宁满族自治县林下经济发展对策

辽宁满族自治县推进林下经济有序化、规模化发展对于加快实现生态富民具有重要意义。该文基于辽宁省内各满族自治县林下经济发展现状，指出了在产业体系、品牌建设、技术推广和科学规范指导等方面存在的问题，并提出适宜辽宁满族自治县林下经济发展的对策及建议，旨在为该地区合理利用林业资源，提高林业产业竞争力，促进当地林业产业健康发展提供理论基础。     

信息短波

林海股份公司进军绿色产业从刚刚结束的林海股份公司98年度股东大会上传来信息：该公司将大力研制绿色环保产品，积极进军绿色产业。公司领导通过市场调研、反复论证，确立了“立足主业，大力进军绿色产业，形成公司第三支柱产品”的发展思路．今年，将投资4600万元，重点...     

聚焦花园村 中国红木家具第一村建成东南亚最大红木家具专业市场 浙江东阳花园村：“好产业”唱响“好声音”

“好市场”持续扩容 航母驶向全国全球 2009年，看到花园红木家具产业的迅猛发展，花园村党委书记、花园集团董事长兼总裁邵钦祥既高兴又担心，高兴的是花园人寻找到了全民创业致富的好产业，担心的是该如何利用好和发展好这个富民产业。经过多方实地考察，邵钦祥觉得红木家具产业销售环节至关重要，于是就决定在花园村建立市场。     

Browsing Damage on Pine (Pinus sylvestris and P. contorta) by a migrating moose (Alces alces) Population in Winter: Relation to Habitat Composition and Road Barriers

In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads.     

Effects of Root Freezing on the Physiology and Growth of Picea glauca,Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana Seedlings Under Different Soil Moisture Regimes

The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage.     

Stand Structure in Pine,Spruce and Deciduous Forests: A Comparison Between Finnish and Russian Karelia

This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland.     

Growth and Terminal Bud Formation in Picea abies Seedlings Grown with Alternating Diurnal Temperature and Different Light Qualities

The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions.     

CAD与建筑设计的关系

本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。     

Risk Perception Among Non-industrial Private Forest Owners

Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken.     

Interactions in decomposition and N mineralization between tropical legume residue components

In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts (stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea, largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols. Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its components are mixed.     

Pasture production and tree growth in a young pine plantation fertilized with inorganic fertilizers and milk sewage in northwestern Spain

The use of organic waste materials such as milk sewage as an organic fertilizer could have the dual advantages of organic-waste disposal and reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers. The effects of fertilization with (1) conventional mineral fertilization, (2) milk sewage sludge at 40 kg N ha⁻¹ target rate and (3) no fertilization on pasture production and tree growth were examined in an experiment consisting of two pasture mixtures under a one-year-old Pinus radiata plantation with a density of 2500 trees ha⁻¹. The two pasture mixtures were: (1) Dactylis glomerata L. var. saborto (25 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha⁻¹); (2) Lolium perenne L. var. Tove (25 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha⁻¹). The experiment began in the spring of 1995 using a randomized block design with three replicates in Castro Riberas de Lea (Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain). Plot size was 12 × 8 m², with a 1 m buffer strip between plots. Two-year data showed that fertilization with either material had a positive effect on pasture production, with no significant difference between the two fertilization treatments. Tree growth in the milk sewage sludge plot was significantly higher than in the control plots. Inorganic fertilization increased pasture production, but affected tree growth negatively. The results show that milk sewage sludge could be used as a fertilizer in silvo-pastoral systems. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Key Habitats in the Norwegian Production Forest: A Case Study

This study investigated the forest history, structural characteristics, the presence of fungal species suggested to indicate ecological continuity in old-growth forest, and the species composition of saproxylic beetles in 30 old forest ''woodland key habitats'' (WKHs), and compared them with production forest in the same age-class in south-eastern Norway. No statistically significant differences in forest characteristics, community of saproxylic beetles or number of red-listed beetles were found between the WKHs and the production forest, probably owing to a combination of profound long-term logging and a lack of will to delineate sufficiently large WKHs in the one area with significantly less forestry impact. The study indicates the advantage of including forest history information in WKH selection where such data exist, and the importance of restoring habitats in heavily exploited forest landscapes.