The Relationship between Gastric Cancer and the Unhealthy Habits and the Gastric Diseases

Objective To explore the relationship between gastric cancer and smoking, drinking spirits and the history of chronic gastric disease s. Method A case-control study was conducted on 361 cases and 1 525 population-controls to interview the history of exposure. The contact stre ngth of each factor with gastric cancer was estimated by Logistic regression mod el. The data were adjusted for confounders. Results The risk of gastric cancer increased 48% for smokers, the longer the year of smoking was,the more the numbe r of smoking per day was, and the younger the age of beginning smoking was, the greater the risk of gastric cance r was.82% of the risk increased for drinkers, the affects of white wine was most obvious(OR=3.14，95% CI=2.23～4.42). The risk rose markedly (OR=7 .87,95% CI=5.72～10.83)for the persons who had chronic gastric diseases, and t he relation of duration-effect was presented, which the risk rose with the exte nsion of having chronic gastric diseases. Smoking, drinking spirits and the hist ory of chronic gastric diseases were the strong independent factors, and they al so had obvious interaction affects. Conclusion Smoking, drinkin g spirits and chronic gastric diseases are the major factors of gastric cancer. Giving up unhealthy habits and radically curing chronic gastric diseases in grai n and in the early stage is the one of major measures to reduce the incidence of gastric cancer.     

中国部分地区1996--2007年腹裂畸形患病率变化趋势研究

目的 了解中国围产儿腹裂畸形的发生情况,并分析其相关因素.方法 以医院为基础的出生缺陷监测方法收集资料,利用趋势x2检验对1996-2007年中国围产儿腹裂畸形患病率变化趋势进行研究、泊松回归模型对几个主要影响腹裂围产儿分布的因素进行危险度分析.结果 共监测新生儿6 308 594例,其中腹裂畸形1601例,总患病率为2.54/万,12年内没有显著增长趋势.城乡、男女及孕产妇不同年龄组之间患病率的差异均有统计学意义,城市患病率(1.91/万)低于农村(3.87/万),男性患病率(2.20/万)低于女性(2.62/万),孕产妇年龄＜20岁组患病率(10.38/万)高于其他各年龄组患病率.城市腹裂畸形患病率低于农村(RR=0.58);男性腹裂畸形患病率低于女性(RR=0.76);孕产妇年龄＜20岁组围产儿腹裂患病率是30～34岁组的11.43倍(RR=11.432).结论 1996-2007年中国围产儿腹裂患病率没有显著增长,但在性别、城乡及产妇年龄之间存在差异.年龄＜20岁的产妇生育腹裂胎儿的危险性最大.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the incidence and its secular trends of gastroschisis in Chinese perinatal infants.Methods Data on perinatal infants was collected at hospitals under surveillance program in Chinese Birth Defects Monitoring Network from 1996 to 2007.Data on incidence,trend and related factors of gastroschisis in perinatal infants were carried out.Both x2 test and Poisson regression model were used to test the differences between residential areas,sex and maternal age.Both x2 trends test and Poisson regression model were applied to analyze the trends.Results A total of 6 308 594 perinatal infants were monitored during 1996-2007,including 1601 infants with gastroschisis to show the incidence as 2.54 per 10 000 births.The overall prevalence of gastroschisis in China did not change remarkably during the period of our research.The incidence rates of gastroschisis were significantly different between urban and rural areas,between different sex and different maternal age groups.The incidence of gastroschisis was lower in urban area than in rural area (RR=0.58) and lower in female fetuses than in male fetuses (RR=0.76),highest in the group younger than 20 years of age,which was 11.43 times than incidence of the 30-34 age group (RR=11.432).Conclusion The overall prevalence of gastroschisis in China did not show remarkable change during 1996-2007 but the incidence of gastroschisis a bit increased in the area of study and significant differences were seen in different sex,regions and maternal age groups.Mothers aged younger than 20 years old appeared to be a significant risk factor for the occurrence of gastroschisis.     

Analysis on the trend of smoking prevalence and main causes of death of dead residents in Tianjin from 2010 to 2019CSCD

Objective To evaluate the change trend of smoking prevalence and the composition of main causes of death in Tianjin from 2010 to 2019. Methods The study was based on the data collected in the Tianjin All Cause of Death Surveillance System from 2010 to 2019. A total of 699 372 cases were included in the study. The smoking prevalence, ex‑smoking and never smoking prevalence were calculated according to different death years and gender. The proportion of smoking status was calculated according to the year of birth and gender. The distribution of smokers dying of smoking related diseases were calculated by different age‑group. The change trend of smoking rate was analyzed by Joinpoint regression 4.9.0.0 statistical software. The diseases that smokers died of were expressed by proportion. Results From 2010 to 2019, the smoking rate of dead residents decreased from 28.7% to 21.4%, and the average annual change percentage (AAPC) was -3.0% (95%CI: -3.9%, -2.2%). The same trend was shown in dead residents of different genders. The proportion of ex‑smokers showed an upward trend, from 10.5% in 2010 to 14.7% in 2019; The proportion of light smokers increased with the postponement of birth year. The proportion of light smokers born at and before year 1950 was 14.7%, while the proportion of light smokers born at and after year 1981 was as high as 85.9%; the proportion of heavy smokers decreased with the year of birth. Lung cancer and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were the main causes of death of smokers and quitters. 13.86% of quitters died of lung cancer, which was slightly lower than that of smokers (16.39%) and significantly higher than that of non‑smokers (5.55%). With the increase of smoking degree, the proportion of smokers who died of lung cancer also increased gradually, from 9.19% to 19.11%. Conclusions From 2010 to 2019, the smoking prevalence of dead residents in Tianjin shows a downward trend, which is consistent with the change trend of the overall smoking prevalence of residents in Tianjin. Lung cancer, acute myocardial infarction and ischemic heart disease rank among the top three causes of death among smokers. © 2021 Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery. All rights reserved.     

Analysis of TORCH screening results of 330 115 reproductive-age females who underwent pre-pregnancy health examination in Shenzhen北大核心CSCD

Objective To analyze the results of TORCH screening for reproductive-age females who underwent pre-pregnancy health examination in Shenzhen to guide scientific pregnancy preparation. Methods Cross-sectional study was performed on the TORCH screening results of 330 115 reproductive-age females who participated in free pre-pregnancy health examination in Shenzhen from January, 2013 to December, 2019. The ?2 test was used to analyze the differences of TORCH screening results among reproductive-age females in different years, administrative regions and demographic characteristics. Results The overall positive rates of screening for rubella virus (RV)- IgG, cytomegalovirus (CMV)-IgG, CMV-IgM, toxoplasma gondii (TOX)-IgG and TOX-IgM among reproductive-age females in Shenzhen were 85.54% (282 377/330 115), 96.36% (318 088/330 115), 0.31% (1009/330 115), 3.12% (10 292/330 115) and 0.64% (2114/330 115), respectively. Compared with 2013 to 2016, the average positive rates of RV-IgG and CMV-IgG among reproductive-age females in Shenzhen increased (P=0.003, P<0.001), while the average positive rates of TOX-IgG and TOX-IgM decreased from 2017 to 2019 (P<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in the positive rates of the five antibodies among different administrative regions (all P<0.001). Except for the differences in the positive rates of CMV-IgM and TOX-IgM among women of different ages, there were statistically significant differences in the positive rates of these five antibodies among reproductive-age females with other demographic characteristics (all P<0.05). There were statistical differences in the positive rates of TORCH antibodies among women with different demographic characteristics in different years. Conclusion Compared with 2013 to 2016, the positive rates of RV-IgG and CMV-IgG in reproductive-age females in Shenzhen from 2017 to 2019 were on the rise, while the positive rates of TOX-IgG and TOX-IgM were on the decline. The positive rates of these five antibodies were different among different administrative regions and among reproductive-age females with different demographic characteristics, which suggested that plans should be made according to local conditions and different objects in order to strengthen the awareness of eugenics and reduce the risk of congenital intrauterine infection with TORCH of the fetus during the propaganda and education of eugenics. © 2020 Chinese Medical Journals Publishing House Co.Ltd. All Rights Reserved.     

新疆哈萨克族人群代谢综合征患病率调查

Objective To analyze the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in Kazakh population, using the NCEP-ATP Ⅲ, CDS, IDF MS standards. Methods Questionnaire-based survey,physical examination and blood testing were conducted according to cluster random samplings in Kazakh residents in Xinjiang. 2745 samples were collected and diagnosed by NCEP-ATP Ⅲ, CDS,IDF standards to analyze the prevalence, with the distribution of its main components of MS, among the Kazakhs population. Results The prevalence rates of MS diagnosed by NCEP-ATP Ⅲ, CDS,IDF standards were 18.5%, 14.2% and 26.6%, while they became 14.2%, 10.9% and 20.1% after standardized by age. The prevalence of MS diagnosed by NCEP-ATP Ⅲ and IDF standard in males were higher than in females, while CDS was in the opposite situtation. The prevalence of MS by these three standards increased with age. Among all the main components of MS diagnosed after these three standardization process, the prevalence of obesity, blood pressure rising and the abnormity of HDL-C were rather high. The prevalence of MS main components ≥1, ≥2, ≥3, ≥4, 5 ranked the highest compared to the lowest as to the IDF, ATP Ⅲ ' and CDS diagnostic. standards Conclusion The prevalence rates and gender distribution of MS diagnosed by different standards among Kazakhs were different. The prevalence of IDF standard was the highest, with the IDF standard better than the others in early identifying the risk factors of cardiovascular disease.     

新疆哈萨克族人群代谢综合征患病率调查

Objective To analyze the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in Kazakh population, using the NCEP-ATP Ⅲ, CDS, IDF MS standards. Methods Questionnaire-based survey,physical examination and blood testing were conducted according to cluster random samplings in Kazakh residents in Xinjiang. 2745 samples were collected and diagnosed by NCEP-ATP Ⅲ, CDS,IDF standards to analyze the prevalence, with the distribution of its main components of MS, among the Kazakhs population. Results The prevalence rates of MS diagnosed by NCEP-ATP Ⅲ, CDS,IDF standards were 18.5%, 14.2% and 26.6%, while they became 14.2%, 10.9% and 20.1% after standardized by age. The prevalence of MS diagnosed by NCEP-ATP Ⅲ and IDF standard in males were higher than in females, while CDS was in the opposite situtation. The prevalence of MS by these three standards increased with age. Among all the main components of MS diagnosed after these three standardization process, the prevalence of obesity, blood pressure rising and the abnormity of HDL-C were rather high. The prevalence of MS main components ≥1, ≥2, ≥3, ≥4, 5 ranked the highest compared to the lowest as to the IDF, ATP Ⅲ ' and CDS diagnostic. standards Conclusion The prevalence rates and gender distribution of MS diagnosed by different standards among Kazakhs were different. The prevalence of IDF standard was the highest, with the IDF standard better than the others in early identifying the risk factors of cardiovascular disease.     

出生后早期接触功夫菊酯对仔鼠大脑突触蛋白表达的影响

Objective To evaluate the influence on the synaptic protein expression in different brain regions of ICR mice after lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) exposure during postnatal period. Methods Two male and 4 female healthy ICR mice were put in one cage. It was set as pregnancy if vaginal plug was founded.Offspring were divided into 5 groups randomly, and exposed to LCT (0.01% DMSO solution) at the doses of 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 mg/kg by intragastric rout every other day from postnatal days (PND) 5 to PND13, control animals were treated with normal saline or DMSO by the same route. The brains were removed from pups on PND14, the synaptic protein expression levels in cortex, hippocampus and striatum were measured by western blot. Results GFAP levels of cortex and hippocampus in the LCT exposure group increased with doses, as compared with control group (P＜0.05), while Tuj protein expression did not change significantly in the various brain regions of ICR mice. GAP-43 protein expression levels in the LCT exposed mouse hippocampus and in female ICR mouse cortex increased with doses. as compared with control group (P＜0.05). Presynaptic protein (Synapsin Ⅰ) expression levels did not change obviously in various brain regions. However, postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) expression levels of the hippocampus and striatum in male offspring of 10.0 mg/kg LCT group, of cortex of female LCT groups, and of female offspring in all exposure groups, of striatum, in 1.0 or 10.0 mg/kg LCT exposure groups significantly decreased (P＜0.05). Conclusions Early postnatal exposure to LCT affects synaptic protein expression. These effects may ultimately affect the construction of synaptic connections.     

汶川地震灾区中学生地震创伤后应激障碍与领悟社会支持的关系

Objective To explore the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and perceived social support (PSS)ability among middle school students in earthquake-stricken areas after the Wenchuan earthquake accident. Methods A total of 1966 students from three secondary schools of Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas were evaluated by PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS). Results The overall incidence rate of PTSD was 78.3%, with severe PTSD as 24.38%. Significant differences on the incidence rates of PTSD were found among the students who were in different PSS levels (P<0.05) and significant negative correlation existed between the levels of severity on PTSD and PSS (γ=-0.226, P<0.05). Significant differences on PTSD incidence rates were found among those students who were from different families or out-family PSS levels (P=0.009, P<0.05). Significant negative correlation existed between the severity of PTSD and family or out-family PSS level (γ=-0.176, P<0.05, γ=-0.214, P<0.05). Conclusion Relationships between the incidence rate, severity of PTSD and PSS levels existed among the middle school students in Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas, with higher PSS, lower incidence rate and lighter severity of PTSD. Psychological intervention for earthquake-stricken students should be carried out.     

云南省两边境州六民族O～7岁儿童地中海贫血流行病学调查

目的 了解云南省西双版纳州(版纳州)和德宏州傣、基诺、布朗、景颇、德昂、阿昌族的0～7岁儿童地中海贫血(地贫)的流行现状.方法 对两边境州六民族7岁以下儿童共4973人进行血液分析、红细胞脆性试验、血红蛋白(Hb)电泳,并进行统计学分析.结果 4973人中地贫发生率为37.4%;其中β-地贫发生率22.6%,α-地贫发生率14.7%.地贫发生率无性别差异,但有年龄差异.α-地贫阳性率随年龄增加而降低,β-地贫阳性率随年龄增加而上升.地贫阳性率有地区差异:版纳州高于德宏州,多个县(市)之间两两比较差异有统计学意义;版纳州地贫检出率以勐腊县居首为52.2%,德宏州以潞西市居首为51.5%.不同地区不同民族地贫阳性率均有差异:β-地贫发生率阿昌族居首为40.6%,α-地贫以汉族居首为45.5%.同一地区不同民族地贫阳性率也均有明显差异.多因素分析显示,地贫(α-地贫+β-地贫)为因变量时,州(市)为危险因素,母亲民族为保护因素.结论 在云南省两边境州六民族中儿童地贫属高发区,其发生率在不同民族及地区有差异,地域差异大于民族差异;随着时间的延长,异常基因在扩散.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of thalassemia among children of 0-7 years old,from six ethnic groups in Xishuangbanna and Dehong.Yunnan province.Methods 4973 blood samples from children under 7 years old were automatically undergone blood cell count,red cell osmotic fragility and hemoglobin electrophoresis testings.Results The incidence rates of thalassaemia,β-thalassemia was 37.4%,and α-thalassaemia were 22.6%and 14.7% respectively.The thalassaemia incidence rates were significantly different among age groups but not in gender. The incidence of α-thalassaemia was decreasing along with the increase of age.while the incidence of β-thalassaemia was increasing along with the increase of age.Xishuangbanna had the higher incidence than in Dehong and the differences were significant between counties.The incidence of thalassemia of Mengla ranked the first(52.2%)in Xishuangbanna,The difierences between different regions and different nationalities were significant,with β-thalassemia of Achang ranked the first(40.6%),The incidence of α-thalassemia among Han ranked the first as 45.5% while α-thalassaemia and β-thalassemia were different in regions.α-thalassaemia and β-thalassemia were significantly different between different ethnic people in the same regions.Multiple factor analysis showed that region seemed to be a risk factor and the mother's ethnicity was a protective factor and dependent variable on thalassaemia.Conclusion The incidence of thalassaemia in Yunnan Xishuangbanna and Dehong was high among children under the age of 7 and were related to ethnic and regional differences in the areas.Specific genes were proliferated along with the extension of time.Our data provided valuable information on prevention and genetic studies on thalassaemia in the minorities of Xishuangbanna and Dehong in Yunnan province.