乳腺癌根治术患者心理困扰与心理弹性及社会支持的相关性

目的:探讨分析乳腺癌根治术患者心理困扰与心理弹性及社会支持的相关性。方法:选取2015年1月至2016年1月在我院行乳腺癌根治术的95例乳腺癌患者作为研究对象,采用凯勒斯心理困扰量表(K10)、心理弹性量表简化版(CD-RISC10)、社会支持量表(PSSS)对患者心理困扰、心理弹性及社会支持情况进行调查,并对调查结果进行分析。结果:①根据K10含22分的划分标准,无心理困扰的患者有13例(13.68%),有心理困扰的患者有82例(86.31%);②乳腺癌根治术患者心理弹性总分为(91.56±4.00)分,各维度中,坚韧得分较自强、乐观高;③乳腺癌根治术患者心理困扰得分与心理弹性得分呈负相关(P0.05),心理困扰得分与社会支持总分及各维度得分呈负相关(P0.05)。结论:心理弹性、社会支持为乳腺癌根治术后患者心理困扰的重要影响因素,心理弹性可直接影响患者心理困扰程度,也可通过社会支持对其产生间接影响。     

领悟社会支持、运动自我效能、抑郁对康复期乳腺癌患者益处发现的影响

目的:探讨乳腺癌患者益处发现与领悟社会支持、运动自我效能、抑郁以及之间的关系。方法:采用益处发现评定量表、领悟社会支持量表、运动自我效能量表、抑郁自评量表对293名患者进行问卷调查,对数据进行Pearson相关分析和多元逐步回归分析。结果:康复期乳腺癌患者益处发现总分为(59.64±13.06),领悟社会支持总分为(68.17±13.21),运动自我效能总分为(64.61±26.2),抑郁总分为(2.02±2.36)。益处发现与领悟社会支持、运动自我效能呈正相关与抑郁呈负相关(P0.01)。多元逐步回归分析显示朋友支持、术后时间、对益处发现有正向影响,抑郁对益处发现有负向影响。结论:领悟社会支持、运动自我效能、抑郁对康复期乳腺癌患者益处发现具有影响,对提高乳腺癌患者益处发现水平具有重要意义。     

社会支持和希望水平在2型糖尿病相关痛苦与自我管理间的中介作用

目的:探讨社会支持、希望水平在2型糖尿病相关痛苦与自我管理关系中的内在作用机制,为降低糖尿病相关痛苦,提高患者自我管理能力提供理论依据。方法:采用一般资料调查表、中文版糖尿病痛苦量表、糖尿病患者自我管理行为量表、社会支持评定量表和Herth希望量表对2020年7月2021年1月安徽省某三级甲等医院内分泌科236例2型糖尿病患者进行调查。结果:(1)糖尿病相关痛苦、自我管理、希望水平、社会支持得分分别为40.94±12.2、42.45±12.96、34.87±7.16和45.97±11.78;(2)糖尿病相关痛苦不仅能够直接影响自我管理(β=-0.223,P0.05),还能够通过社会支持(β=-0.136,P0.01)、希望水平的单独中介(β=-0.108,P0.01)及社会支持-希望水平的链式中介(β=-0.044,P0.01)这3条中介路径间接对自我管理产生影响;总中介效应占总效应比例为56.32%。结论:糖尿病痛苦和自我管理呈负相关,希望水平与社会支持在2型糖尿病相关痛苦与自我管理间呈单独间接中介效应和多重中介效应。     

乳腺癌组织Epo/Epo-R表达和MVD关系及其临床意义

目的研究乳腺癌患者促红细胞生成素(Epo)及受体(Epo-R)、肿瘤血管生成及其与临床病理特征之间的关系.方法对本院60例乳腺癌患者应用酶联免疫法测定Epo浓度;应用免疫组化方法检测Epo-R的表达.同时检测肿瘤微血管密度(MVD),并分析与临床病理之间的关系.结果①60例患者的Epo水平为18.50±13.29mu/ml,明显高于对照组8.10±4.96mu/ml(P<0.05).Epo水平和Hb值之间呈明显的负相关关系(r=-0.5259,P<0.001);②60例中47例表达Epo-R(78.3%),平均阳性率39.49±24.42%;60例MVD为25.40±8.91.MVD与Epo-R呈正相关(r=-0.5259,P<0.001).并且Epo-R阳性患者的MVD明显高于Epo-R阴性患者(t=3.4252,P<0.01);③按有无分组中除Epo和Hb值两组均有差异外,Epo-R和MVD均无显著差异(P>0.05);④Epo-R与临床分期、有无淋巴结转移和肿瘤大小均明显相关(均为P<0.01);MVD与有无转移有关,与分期及肿块大小无关.结论乳腺癌贫血患者的Epo水平明显增高,并与Hb值呈明显的负相关关系.乳腺癌患者高表达Epo-R,并与MVD呈正相关关系;但均与有无贫血不相关.Epo-R与MVD两项指标分别与乳腺癌的临床病理有关,联合检测Epo-R和MVD更有利于正确判断患者的临床病理特征及其预后.     

癌症患者创伤后应激障碍症状特点及社会心理相关因素

目的研究癌症患者创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)症状特点及社会心理相关因素。方法采用PTSD筛查量表、社会支持评定量表、简易应对方式量表、艾森克人格量表对198例癌症患者进行问卷调查。结果①有20%的癌症患者PTSD筛查量表3个分量表均分大于3;②不同居住地被试PTSD症状有显著差异,农村显著高于城市(t=2.240,P<0.05);③不同癌症类型被试PTSD症状有显著差异,乳腺癌和子宫癌患者要显著低于其他类型的癌症(F=2.313,P<0.05);④不同患病时间被试PTSD症状有显著差异,随着时间推移有上升的趋势(F=2.389,2.626,2.418;P<0.05);⑤癌症患者PTSD症状与消极应对、精神质、神经质成正相关(P<0.05),与积极应对、社会支持成负相关(P<0.05)。结论有20%癌症患者的各类症状达到"中度"以上的水平,居住在农村的癌症患者PTSD症状更严重、乳腺癌和子宫癌患者的症状更少、随着时间推移癌症患者PTSD症状更严重。人格特征、应对方式、社会支持是影响癌症患者PTSD的重要因素。     

青年与中老年急性心肌梗死患者心理特点及社会支持现状

目的:探讨青年与中老年急性心肌梗死(AMI)心理特点及社会支持现状.方法:选取2017年12月-2018年12月收治的200例AMI患者作为研究对象,根据患者年龄分为青年组(＜45岁,n=56)和中老年组(≥45岁,n=144).比较两组一般资料及临床特点,比较两组心理特点[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、A型行为量表]、社会支持[社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)],采用Pearson分析患者心理特点与社会支持的关系.结果:①青年组男性占比、吸烟史占比、高血脂占比、早发冠心病家族史占比较中老年组高(x2=6.196,5.466,8.544,4.079;P＜0.05),中老年组高血压占比、糖尿病占比高于青年组(x2=3.888,5.957,P＜0.05);②青年组SAS、A型行为量表得分高于中老年组(t=3.936,2.458;P＜0.05),焦虑情绪障碍和A型性格占比高于中老年组(x2=15.286,8.005;P＜0.01);中老年组SDS得分高于青年组(t=-5.078,P＜0.001),抑郁情绪障碍占比高于青年组(x2=10.094,P＜0.01);③青年组 SSRS、PSSS得分均略高于中老年组(t=5.261,2.600;P＜0.05);④Pear-son 相关分析法显示:SAS、SDS 均与 SSRS、PSSS 呈负相关关系(r=-0.368,-0.390,-0.162,-0.192;P＜0.05),A 型性格与SSRS、PSSS关系均不显著(r=0.028,0.117;P＜0.05).结论:青年与中老年AMI患者具有不同的心理特点,青年主要表现为焦虑和A型性格,中老年主要表现为抑郁;青年患者社会支持水平略高,焦虑抑郁情绪与社会支持水平存在联系.     

老年骨折住院患者的焦虑及其相关因素

目的 分析老年骨折住院患者的焦虑及其相关因素,为骨科临床心理护理提供依据.方法 对60例老年骨折住院患者,选用自行设计的骨折患者一般情况调查表、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、成人艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)进行问卷调查和测试,以55例健康老年人为对照组进行对照研究.结果 老年骨折患者焦虑水平明显高于对照组(P＜0.01);焦虑的发生率为66.7%;多元逐步回归分析揭示:老年骨折患者焦虑的影响因素依次为:性别、神经质(N分)、领悟支持总分、内一外向(E分).结论 老年骨折住院患者焦虑水平显著升高,与多种因素相关,应有针时性地做好老年骨折患者的心理护理.     

肝癌部分切除术患者心理弹性与社会支持、应对方式的相关性

目的:探讨肝癌部分切除术患者心理弹性与社会支持、应对方式的相关性.方法:选取某院2018年5月-2020年5月112例肝癌部分切除术患者,调查患者一般资料,使用中文版心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)评价患者心理弹性,并通过中文版医学应对问卷(MCMQ)和社会支持评定量表对患者进行问卷调查,分析患者心理弹性与社会支持、应对方式的相关性.结果:肝癌部分切除术患者心理弹性CD-RISC量表坚韧、乐观、自强及量表总分均低于国内常模(t=-15.278,-14.425,-25.434,-21.392;P＜0.05);肝癌部分切除术患者社会支持量表中主观支持、客观支持、对社会支持的利用度及量表总评分均低于国内常模(t = 12.345,19.822,24.273,19.156;P＜0.05);肝癌部分切除术患者应对方式MCMQ量表中面对维度评分低于国内常模,回避、屈服维度评分高于国内常模(t =-9.166,9.538,8.092;P＜0.05);肝癌部分切除术患者心理弹性量表评分与社会支持量表中主观支持、客观支持、对社会支持的利用度以及量表总分呈现正相关(r = 0.659,0.468,0.596,0.742;P＜0.05);心理弹性量表评分与应对方式MCMQ量表中面对维度呈现正相关,与回避、屈服维度分别呈现负相关(r = 0.631,-0.598,-0.538;P＜0.05).结论:肝癌部分切除术患者心理弹性水平低于正常人,且心理弹性水平与社会支持及应对方式密切相关,患者社会支持度越高,采取的积极应对方式越多,心理弹性水平也越高.     

面部烧伤患者伤残接受度与应对方式及希望水平的相关性

目的:调查面部烧伤患者伤残接受度、应对方式及希望水平的临床现状,并分析伤残接受度与应对方式及希望水平的相关性.方法:通过横断面调查的方法选择2013年6月至2016年6月在西安市中心医院住院治疗的面部烧伤患者,采用患者一般情况调查表、伤残接受度量表(Acceptance of Disability Scale,AODS)、希望水平指数量表(Hope Level Index Scale,HII)及医学应对方式问卷(Medical Coping Methods Questionnaire,MCMQ)对患者进行调查.本研究共计发放180份问卷,回收有效问卷172份.结果:面部烧伤患者的伤残接受度较低,总分为63.05±14.39;希望水平处于中等水平,总分为31.40±5.00,在回避应对及屈服应对的得分明显高于国内常模,在面对应对的得分明显低于国内常模,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);相关性分析结果显示希望水平各维度得分与伤残接受度各维度得分及总分呈正相关关系(r=0.223～0.325,P＜0.05),回避应对及屈服应对与伤残接受度各维度得分及总分呈负相关关系(r=-0.281～-0.151,P＜0.05),面对应对与伤残接受度各维度得分及总分呈正相关关系(r=0.375～0.406,P＜0.05).结论:面部烧伤患者伤残接受度水平相对较低,临床医护人员可通过调动积极心理资源及帮助患者采用积极的应对方式,以提升其心理健康状态.     

社会支持能提高肺心病患者生存质量

目的 探讨社会支持对肺心病患者生存质量的影响,为临床护理提供依据.方法 采用生活质量测定简表(WHOQOL-BREF)和社会支持量表(SSRS)对90例肺心病患者(肺心病组)和90名健康人(对照组)进行生活质量及社会支持状况调查和评估.结果 肺心病组患者生活质量和社会支持总分,较对照组显著降低(均P<0.01);社会支持低的患者其生活质量较低.结论 在临床护理实践中应了解患者生存环境、生活质量、社会支持状况,尽可能制定个性化的护理方案,调动和利用社会支持,改善生存环境,提高患者的生活质量.     

Schizophrenia in a North Swedish geographical isolate, 1900–1977. Epidemiology, genetics and biochemistry

Over 200 schizophrenic patients belonging to three major and interrelated pedigree complexes have been investigated over the past 30 years in a North Swedish geographically isolated population, presently numbering about 6,000. An intensive investigation of a number of biochemical correlates and genetic markers in a few selected families belonging to one of the major pedigrees has indicated new strategies for the current research program.
Schizophrenia, as defined operationally, is significantly associated with decreased activities of two enzymes (1) blood platelet monoamine oxidase, (2) plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase, and (3) with the genetic marker Gc² (group specific antigen). Both enzymes are subject to genetic variation. A positive score for linkage between schizophrenia and low plasma DBH activity has been calculated, but, so far, available data are insufficient for discrimination between linkage and partial contribution of genetically controlled low plasma DBH to the pathogenesis of the disease. Alternatively, both mechanisms could be involved.
As a model for continued research, schizophrenia is explained as based on a double dominant-recessive genotype (Aabb), representing a vulnerability which in about 50 % of cases develops into clinical schizophrenia. It is suggested that the dominant mutation (A) operates on or affects MAO activity, and that the recessive genotype (bb) is instrumental in low variates of DBH activity and very likely such variates within the normal range of physiological variation. Moreover, it is suggested that the combined effects of MAO- and DBH-reduced efficiency on the metabolism of e.g. dopamine could be an essential pathogenic mechanism for the schizophrenic illness which is segregating in this population.     

HLA in North Colombia Chimila Amerindians

HLA-A,-B,-C,-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles have been studied in Chimila Amerindians from Sabana de San Angel (North Colombian Coast) by using high resolution molecular typing. A frequent extended haplotype was found:HLA-A*24:02-B*51:10-C*15:02-BRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02 (28.7%) which has also been described in Amerinndian Mayos Mexican population (Mexico, California Gulf, Pacific Ocean). Other haplotypes had already been found in Amerindians from Mexico (Pacific and Atlantic Coast), Peru (highlands and Amazon Basin), Bolivia and North USA. A geographic pattern according to HLA allele or haplotype frequencies is lacking in Amerindians, as already known. Also, five new extended haplotypes were found in Chimila Amerindians. Their HLA-A*24:02 high frequencies characteristic is shared with aboriginal populations of Taiwan; also, HLA-C*01:02 high frequencies are found in New Zealand Maoris, New Caledonians and Kimberly Aborigines from Australia. Finally, this study may show a model of evolutionary factors acting and rising one HLA allele frequency (-A*24:02), but not in others that belong to the same or different HLA loci.     

Renal dysplasia and asplenia in two sibs

A family is reported in which two sibs, one male and the other female, both died within 24 hours of birth with enlarged polycystic kidneys. Postmortem histology in the second child showed gross renal dysplasia. In both children the pancreas was enlarged, nodular and cystic but the liver appeared macroscopically normal. In the second child, histological examination confirmed pancreatic fibrosis with cystic dilation of ducts, but showed portal fibrosis with bile duct proliferation in the liver.
This combination of findings is very reminiscent of those in a girl and her brother reported by Ivemark et al. (1959). The children reported here also showed absence or hypoplasia of the spleen, cardiac anomalies and other features of the Ivemark syndrome (Ivemark 1955), a quite different, usually sporadic, congenital disorder. It is suggested that the children described here have a distinct lethal congenital disorder, probably inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.     

The universal muscular chamber. A basic unit of the genitourinary, cardiovascular, gastro-intestinal, skeletal, cutaneous, respiratory and other systems, endocameral hypertension; and spasm, the key to their idiopathic diseases and arthropathies

Starting with the integument, we see many organs are contractile sacs or multiples thereof, which tubes or bags constitute the major part of the entire body. Recognition of this basic unit and its characteristics sheds new light, individually and collectively, on many disorders previously considered unrelated. Muscular tears and perforations develop in the walls of these chambers, being no way peculiar to those organs, wherein, hydrochloric acid occurs. So, it is not necessary to explain the absence of excessive acid from patients who exhibit holes in the gastric, uterine, aortic, duodenal, rectal, pulmonary, retina, and other walls. Muscle, not acid is the great common factor relating idiopathic disorders in the gastrointestinal tract to each other and to similar diseases in other systems. When the units are linked together, the lesions tend to appear as arthropathies, i.e. at the joints. Rephrasing common-place observations, frees us from conventional, conceptual cul-de-sacs. An observation is only as good as its interpretation, so all possibilities must be considered, otherwise, we will remain blinded by our misconceptions.     

Der Einfluß von Nahrungsmitteln und Rauchen auf die klinisch-chemische Diagnostik von Phäochromozytom,Neuroblastom und Karzinoid-Syndrom

Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von verschiedenen Nahrungsmitteln auf Methoden zur Bestimmung von Adrenalin (AD), Noradrenalin (NA), Vanillinmandelsäure (VMS), Metanephrinen (MN), Homovanillinsäure (HVS) und 5-Hydroxyindolessigsäure (5-HIE) im 24 h-Harn zur Diagnose des Phäochromozytoms bzw. Karzinoid-Syndroms wurde untersucht. Die in die Untersuchung einbezogenen Nahrungsmittel waren: Tee, Kaffee, Mandeln, Ananas, Käse, Walnüsse, Vanillepudding, Bananen, Tomaten und Milchschokolade. Außerdem wurde der Einfluß des Zigarettenrauchens auf die Bestimmung von AD, NA, VMS und MN untersucht.Walnüsse führten zu einer starken Erhöhung der 5-HIE-Ausscheidung. Bananen erhöhten die Ausscheidung von AD, NA, VMS, MN und 5-HIE. Kaffee und Ananas bewirkten eine geringe Zunahme der MN-Werte. Rauchen von 20–30 Zigaretten/Tag beeinflußte keine der vier Variablen.Wenn die beschriebenen Methoden benutzt werden, sollte lediglich auf den Verzehr von Bananen und Walnüssen vor und während der Harnsammelperioden verzichtet werden, da die oberen Normgrenzen im Harn überschritten werden könnten. Ein Verzicht auf Kaffee und Ananas in normalen Mengen ist nicht erforderlich. Es besteht kein Anlaß, weiterhin die bisherigen umfangreichen Restriktionen der übrigen Nahrungsmittel beizubehalten.     

A comparative study of the effects of dimebon,obsidan, finoptin,and cordaron on the functional state of ischemic focus and size of necrotic zone in experimental myocardial infarction

Dimebon, an antihistamine agent, exerts a moderate antianginal effect, improving the function of ischemic focus in the myocardium and decreasing the necrotic zone in experimental myocardial infarction. Dimebon is less active than obsidan, finoptin (except for the size of the necrotic zone), and cordaron. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 12, pp. 642–644, December, 1996     

Effects of sex steroid hormones on lipid peroxidation and glutathione antioxidant system in rat skin

Effects of estradiol and testosterone on the intensity of lipid peroxidation and contents of glutathione redox system components in the dermis and epidermis of rat skin were studied. Only estradiol induced considerable dose-dependent and tissue-specific biphasic antioxidant effects on the skin. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 12, pp. 663–666, December, 1999     

Adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells on surface-modified PEEK substrata

A series of surface-functionalized poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) films has been prepared by selective wet-chemistry; they are hydroxylated polymer (PEEK-OH) obtained by reduction, aminated polymer (PEEK-[]-NH2) prepared by coupling a diisocyanate reagent to PEEKOH (PEEK-[]-NCO) followed by hydrolysis, and carboxylated and aminocarboxylated polymers (PEEK-[]-GABA and PEEK-Lysine) resulting from the coupling of aminoacids to PEEK-[]-NCO. The aminated and carboxylated substrata promoted the adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells in the presence of serum. Fibronectin (FN), an extra-cellular matrix protein, has been covalently fixed and/or adsorbed on various PEEK substrata, in the presence or not of a polymeric surfactant (Pluronic F68). The performances of the FN-grafted substrata (PEEK-[]-FN(1) and PEEK-[]-FN(2)) were significantly higher than those of reference substrata simply coated with FN (PEEK-OH(+FN)(1) and (2), PEEK-[]-NH2(+FN)(1) and (2)), considering the adhesion and spreading of CaCo2 cells in the absence of serum. Moreover, the stability of the adherent cells on the FN-adsorbed substrata dramatically depended on the experimental conditions applied during the PEEK coating with FN.