改性聚丙烯纤维染色技术进展

本文对聚丙烯纤维的改怀及染色技术近期进展作了综述,并对其发展前景进行了预测。     

聚丙烯的接枝改性及其进展

介绍了聚丙烯（PP）接枝改性的几种常用方法，研究进展和接枝PP在增韧增强PP中的应用，并报道了PP／接枝PP／粘土插层纳米复合材料。     

以聚丙烯为中心的改性技术

以聚丙烯为中心的改性技术张增民（清华大学化工系高分子研究所１０００８４）０前言聚丙烯（ＰＰ）作为一种通用塑料，广泛应用于工业生产的各个领域，其产量仅次于ＰＥ和ＰＶＣ，我国１９９５年ＰＰ的产量为１１２万吨，进口量为１１０万吨。ＰＰ所以能获得广泛的应用，...     

聚丙烯共混改性研究进展

概略地介绍了国内外聚丙烯共混改性研究与应用情况,并重点阐述了聚丙烯共混改性方法、关键技术和几个重要的共混体系,最后介绍了聚丙烯共混改性技术的发展动向。     

粉状聚丙烯耐老化改性

通过添加各种改性和成型加工助剂，有效地解决粉状聚丙烯在加工和其制品实际使用过程中，可能产生的热氧老化问题。在编织袋应用中，其耐老化性能已达到甚至超过粒状聚丙烯生产的同类制品水平。     

改性聚丙烯的研究及应用进展

本文论述了聚丙烯改性的研究发展和现状，介绍了聚丙烯改性的方法及其产品的应用，尤其是聚丙烯氯化改性产品及其应用，并指出了以后研究的发展方向。     

改性聚丙烯及其发展动向

在五大通用塑料中,PP发展历史虽短,但其产量及生产能力却均呈稳步递增态势,近年来已超过PVC跃居第二位,1997年全球PP产量为2630万t,且仍以年增长率8％的热头稳步增长,2001年估计全球产量将达3560万t.     

聚丙烯高性能化改性技术的新进展

有关聚丙烯的高性能化技术的研究近年来十分活跃,本文仅介绍其中几种典型的改性技术,供大家参考。     

聚丙烯结晶细化及其研究进展

介绍了对聚丙烯进行结晶细化改性的方法．如加成核剂、与高分子材料共混以及控制温度等。对聚丙烯结晶细化领域的研究及进展进行了综述。     

不同聚合物并用提高胶辊质量

实行橡塑并用，改善了胶料工艺性能，提高了胶辊质量。重点阐述了并用胶的物理机械性能提高质量，满足了产品使用技术要求。     

氯化丁基橡胶/聚丙烯共混改性的研究

采用橡胶与塑料共混改性的方法，制备了具有较好加工工艺性能的氯化丁基橡胶／聚丙烯共混物。研究了橡塑共混比、共混温度以及硫化时间对共混物力学性能的影响。结果表明：氯化丁基橡胶／聚丙烯共混配比为90／10，炭黑30份，氧化锌5份，氧化镁2份，促进剂DM2份，促进剂TMTD1份，硬脂酸1份时，可获得综合性能良好的共混胶料。     

Effect of an organic dicarboxylic acid salt on fractionated crystallization of polypropylene droplets

The effect of a particulate nucleating agent on fractionated crystallization of polypropylene (PP) was studied. A novel method utilizing breakup of PP nanolayers was used to obtain a dispersion of PP droplets in a polystyrene (PS) matrix. An assembly with hundreds of PP nanolayers alternating with thicker PS layers was fabricated by layer‐multiplying coextusion. The concentration of an organic dicarboxylic acid salt (HPN) nucleating agent in the coextruded PP nanolayers was varied up to 2 wt %. When the assembly was heated into the melt, interfacial driven breakup of the thin PP layers produced a dispersion of PP particles in a PS matrix. Analysis of optical microscope images and atomic force microscope images indicated that layer breakup produced a bimodal particle size distribution of submicron particles and large, micron‐sized particles. Almost entirely submicron particles were obtained from breakup of 12 nm PP layers. The fraction of PP as submicron particles dropped dramatically as the PP nanolayer thickness increased to 40 nm. Only large, micron‐sized particles were obtained from 200 nm PP nanolayers. The crystallization behavior of the particle dispersions was characterized by thermal analysis and wide angle X‐ray diffraction. Only part of the PP was nucleated by HPN. It was found that HPN was not effective in nucleating the population of submicron particles. The particulate HPN was too large to be accommodated in the submicron PP particles. On the other hand, the amount of nucleated crystallization qualitatively paralleled the fraction of PP in the form of large, micron‐sized particles. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

成核剂的研究及应用新进展

介绍了成核剂的种类、特性、研究开发及生产现状、市场概况和在聚烯烃改性中的应用，重点介绍了聚丙烯改性所取得的最新进展。聚丙烯经成核剂改性后所表现出的特性满足了许多领域各不相同的应用需要，一些品种有望替代工程塑料。加入成核剂是结晶型聚合物公认最方便而有效的聚烯烃改性方法。全球成核剂的消费量约为5000t／a，其中80％为二苯亚甲基山梨醇，我国成核剂产量约为250～300t／a。     

Effects of organic nucleating agents and zinc oxide nanoparticles on isotactic polypropylene crystallization

Organic nucleating agents and inorganic nanoparticles, as well as their hybrid composites, affect the crystallization temperature and morphology of the monoclinic α-form of isotactic polypropylene (iPP). Techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry, hot-stage optical microscopy with cross polars, wide angle X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy were employed. Nanoparticles of zinc oxide function as efficient supports for 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylic-(N-2-methylcyclohexyl)triamine because the temperature at which the maximum rate of iPP crystallization occurs during 10 °C/min cooling from the molten state increases from 111 °C for the pure polymer to 125 °C at low concentrations of this hybrid nucleating agent. In the absence of zinc oxide, 0.06 wt% of this aliphatic triamine recrystallizes near 165 °C and increases the crystallization temperature of iPP by 7 °C, relative to the pure polymer. Fluorinated aromatic triamines, such as 1,3,5-benzene tricaboxylic-(N-4-fluorophenyl)triamine, are weak nucleating agents that reduce spherulite size in isotactic polypropylene but only increase the crystallization temperature marginally when the polymer is cooled from the molten state. Both micro- and nanoparticles of zinc oxide reduce spherulite size in isotactic polypropylene, but smaller spherulites are observed when the inorganic nanoparticles exhibit dimensions on the order of 40-150 nm relative to micron-size particles. In contrast, 0.06 wt% of the aliphatic triamine in iPP yields a distorted birefringent texture under cross polars that is not spherulitic. Non-spherulitic birefringent textures in iPP are also observed when the aliphatic triamine nucleating agent is coated onto micro- or nanoparticles of zinc oxide. This study demonstrates that the nonisothermal crystallization temperature of isotactic polypropylene increases by an additional 7 °C when an aliphatic triamine is distributed efficiently within the polymeric matrix by coating this nucleating agent onto zinc oxide nanoparticles.     

成核剂对聚丙烯性能的影响

研究了各种α晶型成核剂和β晶型成核剂对聚丙烯性能的影响,发现用α晶型成核剂NA-11和用N催化剂生产的高等规指数聚丙烯组合,可制成透明型高强度、高耐热聚丙烯。这种高性能聚丙烯在家电、汽车等方面具有极为广泛的应用前景。     

成核剂对聚丙烯辐照交联行为的影响

系统研究了聚丙烯的辐照交联行为,证明加有成核剂的聚丙烯辐照稳定性好,容易制成性能优异的辐照交联聚丙烯。根据此研究结果,发明了“高性能辐照交联聚丙烯的制备”这一专利技术。此技术在化工、建筑等方面均有广泛的应用前景。     

有机磷酸盐类成核剂对PP性能的影响

研究了4种有机磷酸盐类成核剂对聚丙烯性能的影响。结果表明，这几种有机磷酸盐类成核剂可以有效地改善聚丙烯性能，制得高强度、高耐热透明聚丙烯。合成的有机磷酸盐类成核剂应用效果良好。     

聚丙烯共混增韧改性研究进展

介绍聚丙烯增韧改性机理,重点探讨了当前增韧改性研究较多的橡胶弹性体共混体系及其对聚丙烯增韧效果的影响,包括共混体系的组成、相容性、界面状态及共混工艺条件等因素。