薯蓣属植物化学成分的研究——Ⅱ.叉蕊薯蓣中甾体皂甙的分离和鉴定

从叉蕊薯蓣(D.collettii HooK.f.)根茎的乙醇提取物分离到四个甾体皂甙,根据理化性质、光谱数据,推定化学结构为3-O-(β-D-葡萄吡喃糖)-约莫皂甙元(3-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-yamogenin)[Ⅰ];3-O-[α-L-鼠李吡喃糖(1→4)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖]-约莫皂甙元(3-O-[α-L-rahmnopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-yamogenin)[Ⅱ];3-O-{α-L-鼠李吡喃糖(1→4)-[α-L-鼠李吡喃糖(1→2)]-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖}-约莫皂甙元(3-O-{α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)]-β-D-glucopranosyl}-yamogenin)[Ⅲ];3-O-{β-D-葡萄吡喃糖(1→3)-[α-L-鼠李吡喃糖(1→2)3-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖}-约莫皂甙元(3-O-{β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl}-yamogenin)[Ⅳ]。其中Ⅰ为已知物,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ为首次从植物界得到的新甾体皂甙。     

川续断中的新三萜皂甙

从川续断(Dispsacus asper Wall.)根的乙醇提取物中得到二个新三萜皂甙(Ⅶ和Ⅷ)。根据光谱分析、化学反应及双向高效薄层层析结果,证明其结构分别为:3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖常春藤皂甙元28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯甙和3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→3)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-常春藤皂甙元28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯甙。     

思茅藤甙类成分研究*

从思茅藤[Epigynun auritum(schneid.)Tsiang et P.T.Li]的茎皮中分离到胡萝卜甙(daucosterol)(Ⅰ)和一个新化合物(Ⅱ),命名为思茅藤甙(epigeoside)。经光谱分析和化学反应证明,Ⅱ的结构为儿茶素-3-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖(1→4)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖(1→6)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖甙[catechin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside]。     

川续断的化学成分研究

从川续断(Dosacus asper Wall)的根中分得六个化合物(Ⅰ～Ⅵ)。Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ和Ⅵ分别鉴定为蔗糖、胡萝卜甙、β-谷甾醇和akebia saponin D.Ⅵ和Ⅴ为新化合物,根据光谱分析和化学方法证明其结构分别为3-O-(4-O-乙酰基)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖常春藤皂甙元28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯甙和3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖齐墩果酸28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯甙。     

柴胡皂甙q及其甙元的结构鉴定

从小叶黑柴胡(Bupleurum smithii Wolffvar;parvifolium ShanetY.Li)的根中得到3个化合物,柴胡皂甙元A和Q及柴胡皂甙q。柴胡皂甙元Q和柴胡皂甙q为新化合物,根据理化性质和波谱分析,确定其结构分别为齐墩果烷-11,13(18)-二烯-3β,16β,23,28,30-五醇和3β,16β,23,28,3O-五羟基齐墩果烷-11,13(18)-二烯-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→6)-[α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基(1→4)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙。     

商陆中三种新皂甙的分离与鉴定

从商陆科植物商陆(Phytolacca esculenta Van Houtte)中分离得三种新的三萜皂甙,根据化学性质和光谱分析(UV,IR,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,MS),确定甙Ⅰ为3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖基商陆酸,甙Ⅱ为3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-羟基商陆酸,甙Ⅲ为3-O-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→4)-β-D-吡喃木糖基(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]-2-羟基商陆酸,分别命名为商陆皂甙O,P,Q。     

乌拉尔甘草中皂甙的研究

自乌拉尔甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch)的根茎中共分离出三个皂甙类化合物,经化学方法和光谱解析,鉴定1为3β-羟基-11-氧化-齐墩果-12-烯-30-羧酸-3-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖醛酸基(1—2)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖醛酸甙,命名为乌拉尔甘草皂甙甲(ura1saponin A)。Ⅱ为3β-羟基-11-氧化-齐墩果-12-烯-30-羧酸-3-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖醛酸基(1-3)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖醛酸甙,命名为乌拉尔甘草皂甙乙(uralsaponin B)。Ⅰ,Ⅱ均未见文献报道。Ⅲ为已知甘草酸。本文报道两个新甙的结构鉴定。     

楤木根皮中皂甙化学成分的研究

楤木根皮中的主要成分是皂甙。将总皂甙以柱层析分离,得到三个化合物(Ⅰ～Ⅲ),经光谱分析和化学方法证明,Ⅰ为楤木皂甙A(araloside A);Ⅱ为银莲花甙(narcissiflorine);Ⅲ是3-O-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→)2)-α-L-阿拉伯糖]-齐墩果酸。Ⅲ为一新皂甙,命名为楤木皂甙D(araloside D)。     

太白木忽木根皮中三萜皂甙成分研究

从太白木忽木(Aralia taibaiensis Z.Z.WangetH.C.Zheng)根皮中首次分离到四个三萜皂甙,根据理化性质和光谱数据,分别鉴定为齐墩果酸-3-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖(1→2)][β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸甙(1),tarasaponinV(2),3-O-｛β-D-吡喃木糖(1→2)[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸乙酯｝-齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(3)和3-O-｛β-D-吡喃木糖(1→2)[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸丁酯｝-齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(4)。1为新天然产物,3和4为新化合物,分别命名为太白木忽木皂甙VI(taibaienosideVI)、太白木忽木皂甙VII(taibaienoside VII)和太白木忽木皂甙VII(taibaienoside VII)。     

湖北山麦冬化学成分的研究

从湖北山麦冬(Liriope spicata Lout(Thunb).var.prolifera Y.T.Ma)块根的醇提物中分得四种甾体甙类化合物,根据化学性质和波谱(IR,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,EI-MS,FAB-MR)分析,确定甙Ⅰ为以β-谷甾醇为主、豆甾醇为次的混合甾醇的β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙;甙Ⅱ为25(S)-鲁斯可皂甙元1-O-β-D-吡喃夫糖3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖甙;甙Ⅲ为25(S)-鲁斯可皂甙元1-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃木糖甙;甙Ⅳ为25(S)-鲁斯可皂甙元1-O-[α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基(1→2)](β-D-吡喃木糖基(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃夫糖甙,其中甙Ⅲ和甙Ⅳ为新的甾体皂甙。     

Saponins from the roots ofPulsatilla koreana

From the roots ofPulsatilla koreana, three monodesmosides(pulsatilla saponins A, B and D) and two bisdesmosides(pulsatilla saponins F and H) were isolated. The structure of these saponins have been determined as hederagenin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranoside(A), hederagenin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-α-L-arabinopyranoside(B), hederagenin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)]-α-L-arabinopyranoside(D), 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (F) and 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)]-α-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester(H) on the basis of chemical and spectral studies. Pulsatilla saponin B is the first report of its presence in plants but saponins A, D, F, and H have recently been isolated from the same genusP. cernua.     

川产九节龙皂甙的化学研究

从川产九节龙(Ardisea pusilla A. DC)的正丁醇提取物中分离到两个三萜皂甙。经化学和光谱(IR,MS,¹HNRM,¹³CNMR和两种新的核磁技术)分析,两个化合物的结构分别鉴定为3-O-[α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)][B-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→2)]-α-L-阿拉伯糖-西克拉敏A(Ⅰ)和3-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖(1→2)-B-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→4)][B-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→2)]-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-西克拉敏A(Ⅱ)。二者均为新皂甙,依次命名为九节龙皂甙Ⅰ(ardipusilloside Ⅰ)和九节龙皂甙Ⅱ(ardipusillosidc Ⅱ)。     

Two new oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpenoid saponins from the husks of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge

Two new triterpenoid saponins (1, 2) and a known saponin (3) were isolated from the husks of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge., and their structures were elucidated as 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1 → 6)-[angeloyl(1 → 2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1 → 6)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-21β,22α-dihydroxyl-olean-12-ene (1), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-28-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1 → 2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-21β,22α-dihydroxyl-olean-12-ene (2), and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-28-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-21β,22α-dihydroxyl-olean-12-ene (3), on the basis of the spectral analysis of NMR and chemical methods. Cytotoxic assay indicated that none of them showed obvious inhibitory effect on the proliferation of two human tumor cell lines.     

Saponins from the stem bark ofKalopanax pictum var.magnificum (I)

Three triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the methanol extract of the stem bark ofKalopanax pictum Nakai var.magnificum (Araliaceae). The structures of these saponins were identified as hederagenin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside, hederagenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranoside and 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester.     

灰毡毛忍冬化学成分的研究

从灰毡毛忍冬(Lonicera mocranthoide Hand. -Mazz.)花的乙醇提取物的正丁醇溶解部分分得三个常春藤皂甙元的双糖链甙,其中一个为已知化合物川续断皂甙乙(dipsacoside B,Ⅰ);另外两个为新化合物,分别命名为灰毡毛忍冬皂甙甲(macranthoidin A,Ⅱ)和灰毡毛忍冬皂甙(nmcranthoidin B,Ⅲ),两者的次级皂甙灰毡毛忍冬次皂甙甲(macranthoside A,Ⅱb)和灰毡毛忍冬次皂甙乙(macranthoside B,Ⅲb),亦未见报道。     

胀果甘草中皂甙Ⅰ和Ⅱ的结构鉴定

胀果甘草中皂甙Ⅰ和Ⅱ的结构鉴定邹坤，赵玉英，张如意（北京医科大学植化教研室北京１０００８３）继前文工作（１，２，３），我们利用大孔吸附树脂初步分离，ＨＰＬＣ进一步分离，从胀果甘草（Ｇｌｙｃｙ－ｒｒｈｉｚａｉｎｆｌａｔａＢａｔ）根及根茎的１０％乙醇提取...     

Two new triterpenoid saponins from the leaves of Ilex kudingcha

Two new triterpene saponins, ilekudinchosides F (1) and G (2), along with three known saponins were isolated from the leaves of Ilex kudingcha C. J. Tseng. The new compounds were characterized as 3β,19α-dihydroxy-12α-ethoxy-urs-13(18)-ene-28,20β-lactone-3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1 → 3)]-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 2)]-α-L-arabinopyranoside (1) and 3β,19α-dihydroxy-12α-methoxy-urs-13(18)-ene-28,20β-lactone-3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 2)]-α-L-arabinopyranoside (2). The new structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR, HR-TOF-MS, and CD spectrometry, and the known compounds were identified by the comparison of their NMR and HR-TOF-MS data with those reported in the literature.     

旱莲草化学成分旱莲甙A和旱莲甙B的分离和鉴定

自旱莲草(Eclipta alba(L.)Hassk)全草中分得4个三萜化合物,经理化常数测定和光谱(IR,MS,UV,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR和¹³C-¹HCOSY)解析,2个已知的三萜类化合物分别为刺囊酸(echinocysticacid,I)和齐墩果酸(oleanlicacid,II),另2个为新化合物,分别命名为旱莲甙A(eclip-tasaponinA,II)和旱莲甙B(ecliptasaponinB,IV)。I和II为首次从鳢肠属植物中获得。     

Triterpenoidal saponins from the leaves ofKalopanax pictum var.chinense

One new triterpenoidal bisdesmoside, saponin C (3) were isolated from the leaves ofKalopanax pictum var.chinense along with two known saponins, saponin B (2, sapindoside C) and saponin A (1, sapindoside B). On the basis of chemical and spectral evidences, the structure of a new triterpenoidal saponin has been elucidated to be 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-23-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester.