Hotspot Preventing Routing algorithm for delay-sensitive applications of in vivo biomedical sensor networks

Networks of implanted biomedical sensor nodes promise to give a new direction to medical research. The in vivo sensor nodes collect desired biometric data and communicate the data wirelessly to a base-station through a multi-hop network. The wireless communication produces heat, leading to a rise in the temperature of the nodes. A high temperature of the in vivo nodes for a prolonged period is not desired as it might damage the surrounding tissues. Medical applications are also often delay-sensitive. In this paper, we propose Hotspot Preventing Routing (HPR) algorithm that performs much better than the shortest hop routing algorithm and the previously proposed Thermal Aware Routing Algorithm (TARA) in terms of preventing the formation of hotspots and reducing the average packet delivery delay by dynamically adapting to the network load. The simulation results presented also show that the HPR algorithm is highly scalable, increases the operational life of the network and helps reduce the number of packets dropped.     

A fast genetic algorithm for a critical protection problem in biomedical supply chain networks

In this paper, we present a new bilevel model for a biomedical supply chain network with capacity and budget constraint due to the protection and interdiction operations. The components considered in this model are biomedical devices, distribution centers (DCs), medical suppliers (MSs), and hospitals and patients as the demand points. On the other hand, two levels of decisions in the network planning is suggested: (1) the defender’s decision about protection operations of MSs and DCs, the assignment of clients to the DCs, and quantity of products shipped to DCs from MSs to minimize the demand-weighted traveling costs and transport costs and (2) the attacker’s decision about interdiction operations of MSs and DCs to maximize the capacity or service reduction and losses. Because of nondeterministic polynomial time (NP)-hardness of the problem under consideration, an efficient and fast approach based on a genetic algorithm and a fast branch and cut method (GA–FBC) was developed to solve the proposed model. Also, the efficiency via the comparison of results with the genetic algorithm based on CPLEX (GA-CPLEX) and decomposition method (DM) is investigated. In order to assess the performance of the presented GA–FBC, a set of 27 instances of the problem is used. Comprehensive analysis indicates that the proposed approach significantly solves the problem. In addition, the benefits and advantages of preference with running times and its accuracy is shown numerically. Simulation results clearly demonstrate that the defender’s objective effectively reduced and CPU time also within the large-sized instances of the problem in comparison with the GA-CPLEX and DM.     

Collaboration Suite

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Human-Computer Collaboration

This article offers a model of collaboration processes in which both parties are sharing the task work load at an equal level of cognitive difficulty. The model poses six collaboration factors as important in the man-machine collaboration. The six factors are cognitive orientation, deep knowledge, intention sharing, control plasticity, adaptivity, and experience or memory. The model predicts that two clusters of settings of the six factors exist: one for novices and one for experts. Four experiments are presented that support this prediction and that offer several new insights into what makes for effective collaborator design. Also many new questions arise.     

Through-Walls Collaboration

Through-walls collaboration lets users in the field work in real time with users indoors. The users in the field have first-hand knowledge and context of the current problem, whereas the indoor users have access to reference materials, a global picture, and more advanced technology. This article presents the overall concept and the following working projects: Hand of God, tabletop collaboration technologies, distributive VR/AR, remote active tangible interactions, mobile AR X-ray vision, and input devices for wearable computers.     

云边协同综述

在物联网、大流量等场景下,传统的云计算具有强大的资源服务能力的优点和远距离传输的缺点,而新兴的边缘计算具有低传输时延的优点和资源受限的缺点,因此,结合了云计算与边缘计算优点的云边协同引起了研究者的广泛关注.在全面调查和分析云边协同相关文献的基础上,文中重点分析和讨论了资源协同、数据协同、智能协同、业务编排协同、应用管理...     

The Effect of Collaboration Styles and View Independence on Video-Mediated Remote Collaboration

This paper investigates how different collaboration styles and view independence affect remote collaboration. Our remote collaboration system shares a live video of a local user’s real-world task space with a remote user. The remote user can have an independent view or a dependent view of a shared real-world object manipulation task and can draw virtual annotations onto the real-world objects as a visual communication cue. With the system, we investigated two different collaboration styles; (1) remote expert collaboration where a remote user has the solution and gives instructions to a local partner and (2) mutual collaboration where neither user has a solution but both remote and local users share ideas and discuss ways to solve the real-world task. In the user study, the remote expert collaboration showed a number of benefits over the mutual collaboration. With the remote expert collaboration, participants had better communication from the remote user to the local user, more aligned focus between participants, and the remote participants’ feeling of enjoyment and togetherness. However, the benefits were not always apparent at the local participants’ end, especially with measures of enjoyment and togetherness. The independent view also had several benefits over the dependent view, such as allowing remote participants to freely navigate around the workspace while having a wider fully zoomed-out view. The benefits of the independent view were more prominent in the mutual collaboration than in the remote expert collaboration, especially in enabling the remote participants to see the workspace.     

Collaboration using roles

Segregation of roles into alternative accounts is a model which provides not only the ability to collaborate but also enables accurate accounting of resources consumed by collaborative projects, protects the resources and objects of such a project, and does not introduce new security vulnerabilities. The implementation presented here does not require users to remember additional passwords and provides a very simple consistent interface.     

基于协同ERP的GDSS协同系统设计研究

首先简要分析了ERP软件的研究发展现状,定义了协同商务ERP概念模式,该模式集成GDSS;其次,依据协同ERP概念模式,提出基于协同ERP的多智能Agents GDSS协同系统设计方案;最后,研究了此设计方案的多媒体多智能Agent系统功能体系结构。     

入侵防御系统IPS的协作化与标准化

信息安全保障体系面临着从被动的入侵检测系统(IDS)向主动防御的入侵防御系统(IPS)的转变。本文以CIDF为参考,聚焦在系统间通信的统一格式和安全,讨论了不同IPS间的标准化和协作化,提出了相应的系统结构。     

Simulations of biomedical atmospheric-pressure discharges

The comparison between fluid and particle-in-cell simulation results in different nonthermal helium plasma sources; including an overview of kinds, strengths and limitations of the numerical models is reported. The kinetic information indicates that the electron energy probability function (EEPF) evolves from a three-temperature distribution in RF atmospheric-pressure discharges into a Druyvesteyn type distribution as the driving frequency increases. In microwave helium microplasma, the power delivered to the electrons in the bulk increases, and as a result, the EEPF becomes closer to a Maxwellian distribution. Although the results obtained with fluid models that a Maxwellian energy distribution function are not capable of capturing nonlocal effects in high pressure discharge, the appropriate fluid models will be a good selection to investigate particular problems because of their short simulation time. In addition, since frequent ion-neutral collisions limit the energy acquired by the ions as they transit the sheath, the average ion energy near the electrodes is found to be significantly lowered at atmospheric pressure.     

Multidisciplinary modelling of biomedical systems

This paper describes general principles and example results of a new software tool being developed for physiologically-based modelling of biomedical systems within a multidisciplinary framework. The aim is to overcome some limitations of currently available software designed either for general purpose or for highly specialised modelling applications. In fact, general purpose tools usually impose explicit coding of mathematical model equations or non-intuitive system representations, whereas specialised software use domain-specific notations that allow efficient and convenient model building only for special classes of systems. The aim of the present study is to pursue intuitive representation of various, possibly interacting, types of biological systems described as interconnected physical components, such as mass and energy storage elements, active and passive transport or biochemical transformations. The presented software generates automatically the mathematical model equations that can be coded in different formats. This allows interoperability with other existing software, e.g. for numerical simulation, symbolic analysis or text processing. A multi-domain structural language has been defined for an intuitive, hierarchical and self-explanatory specification of physiological models. The proposed strategies may become useful for dissemination and integration of multidisciplinary modelling knowledge.     

Self-Care Technologies and Collaboration

The self-management of a chronic condition is a collaborative activity, performed by patients and carers. However, to date, self-care technologies have been mostly designed for individual use. This article uses a case study of people living with Parkinson’s disease to (a) illustrate how patients and carers collaborate in self-management, (b) discuss the reasons why self-care technology is designed for individual use, and (c) explore the implications of recognizing collaborations for the design of self-care technologies. This work is based on a qualitative study with interviews and observations with people living with Parkinson’s. The analysis illustrates how people living with Parkinson’s collaborate in self-care to build a good life. In particular, it exemplifies how the complex interplay of actions and of patients and carers enables the different self-care activities to take place. To further integrate self-care technology in everyday life, designers need to consider collaborations when studying the context, conceptualizing a technology, and planning an evaluation.