改性累托石吸附处理染料模拟废水的试验

采用焙烧改性累托石处理染料模拟废水.探讨了改性累托石用量、处理温度、溶液pH、搅拌时间和转速、模拟废水初始浓度等因素对处理效果的影响.试验结果表明:当累托石用量为1.0 g/L废水、模拟废水初始质量浓度为100 mg/L、搅拌时间为60 min、转速为200 r/min时,在室温和不改变模拟废水pH值的条件下,改性累托石对模拟废水中亚甲基蓝的吸附容量为67.10 mg/g.     

锂盐改性累托石处理染料废水

采用锂盐对累托石进行改性,研究其最佳改性条件及吸附亚甲基蓝的热力学和动力学规律.以碳酸锂为改性剂,碳酸锂与草酸用量比为0.8∶1,试验出改性的最佳条件为：碳酸锂与累托石质量比为5%,固液比为1∶20,改性时间为3 h.改性后累托石对亚甲基蓝溶液的吸附性能明显优于未改性的累托石,吸附量提高了65%;热力学和动力学探究表明,改性累托石对亚甲基蓝的吸附过程符合Langmuir规律,动力学符合Lagergren准二级动力学规律.     

累托石复合颗粒的制备及其吸附性能研究

以累托石为吸附材料,聚乙烯醇(PVA)为粘结剂,海藻酸钠(SA)为稳定剂,含2%氯化钙的饱和硼酸溶液为交联剂,制备累托石复合颗粒.研究了累托石、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、海藻酸钠(SA)用量、交联浸泡时间、粒径等因素对累托石复合颗粒吸附性能的影响.结果表明:在静态吸附试验条件下,累托石:PVA=3 2、SA=0.03 g(累托石3 g)、交联时间4 h、粒径3 mm,制备得到的累托石复合颗粒对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能最好.该吸附过程符合准二级吸附动力学模型.     

累托石/TiO2复合材料的制备及其光催化性能

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源,用溶胶-凝胶法制备了改性累托石/TiO2光催化剂,运用X射线衍射和扫描电镜对其进行了表征.结果表明,累托石结构中负载了纳米TiO2.以300 W紫外灯为光源,以亚甲基蓝为目标降解物,得到制备交联钠化累托石/TiO2复合材料的最佳条件是盐酸浓度为0.2 mol/L,TiO2与累托石添加比例为5 mmol/g,复合材料的煅烧温度为500 ℃.研究了累托石/TiO2光催化剂的光催化性能,当用紫外灯光照20 min,反应温度为30 ℃,溶液pH为6时,亚甲基蓝的去除率达到90%以上.     

羟基铁交联累托石的制备及其吸附性能

采用氯化铁对累托石进行柱撑改性,研究了最佳改性条件和热力学规律.氯化铁与累托石进行阳离子交换,调节pH,完成羟基化,制备出羟基铁交联累托石.试验得到的最佳条件为:羟基铁交联pH=7,氯化铁用量0.5mmol/g,液固比25∶1,温度60℃,阳离子交换时间6h,羟基铁交联时间3h.在此条件下制备的羟基铁交联累托石对亚甲基蓝的吸附量为163.67mg/g,吸附量较未改性的累托石有了明显的增加.热力学分析表明:改性累托石吸附亚甲基蓝过程的热力学符合Langmuir模式.     

固定化生物累托石处理分散生活污水的研究（Ⅱ）——固定化生物累托石的吸附机理

固定化生物累托石均能较好的用Langmuir公式和Freundlich公式来描述，chitosan改性累托石粉末的线性关系更好。累托石粉末的Langmuir表达为：qe=0.0955Ce/1＋1.97Ce,Freundlich表达式为：qe=0.0316Ce^0.62,固定化生物累托石的Langmuir表达为：qe=0.297Ce/1＋11.29Ce，Freundlich表达式为：qe=0．00316Ce^0.29。     

固定化生物累托石处理分散生活污水的研究(Ⅱ)——固定化生物累托石的吸附机理

固定化生物累托石均能较好的用Langmuir公式和Freundlich公式来描述,chitosan改性累托石粉末的线性关系更好.累托石粉末的Langmuir表达为:q e=(0.095 5Ce)/(1+1.97Ce),Freundlich表达式为:q e=0.031 6C 0.62e,固定化生物累托石的Langmuir表达为:q e=(0.029 7Ce)/(1+11.29Ce),Freundlich表达式为:q e=0.003 16C 0.29e.     

金属盐类改性累托石的制备及吸附性能

为得到吸附性能更优的废水处理材料,在最适宜改性条件下采用氯化铁溶液、碳酸锂草酸溶液和焦磷酸钠溶液分别制得铁盐改性累托石、锂盐改性累托石和钠盐改性累托石;取原累托石和三种盐类改性累托石为吸附剂,考察原累托石与改性累托石对亚甲基蓝、甲基紫、孔雀石绿和中性红4种染料废水的吸附效果,其中累托石用量0.1 g,染料废水用量200 mL质量浓度为100 mg/L.结果表明:3种盐类改性累托石对4种染料废水的去除率和平衡吸附量明显优于原累托石,3种盐类改性累托石中铁盐改性累托石和锂盐改性累托石吸附效果优于钠盐改性累托石.对原累托石及3种盐类改性累托石进行扫描电镜分析,发现改性后累托石层间距明显增大,且改性过程并未改变累托石的片层结构. 由此可见,盐类改性累托石具有优良的吸附性能,其中铁盐改性累托石和锂盐改性累托石的吸附性能更优.     

SDS改性沸石吸附亚甲基蓝的研究

以表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）对沸石进行改性,改性后的沸石对亚甲基蓝溶液进行吸附,以紫外可见分光光度计分析最佳吸附条件。实验结果表明：SDS改性沸石吸附亚甲基蓝的最佳投入量为O．2g;平衡时间为25min;随着亚甲基蓝溶液的初始浓度增大,吸附量增大;溶液中其他阳离子存在竞争吸附。吸附过程可用伪二级反应动力学方程来描述,吸附活化能较小,主要为物理吸附过程。     

累托石/TiO_2复合材料的制备及其光催化性能

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源,用溶胶-凝胶法制备了改性累托石/TiO2光催化剂,运用X射线衍射和扫描电镜对其进行了表征.结果表明,累托石结构中负载了纳米TiO2.以300 W紫外灯为光源,以亚甲基蓝为目标降解物,得到制备交联钠化累托石/TiO2复合材料的最佳条件是盐酸浓度为0.2 mol/L,TiO2与累托石添加比例为5 mmol/g,复合材料的煅烧温度为500℃.研究了累托石/TiO2光催化剂的光催化性能,当用紫外灯光照20m in,反应温度为30℃,溶液pH为6时,亚甲基蓝的去除率达到90%以上.     

Adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution onto hydrochloric acid-modified rectorite

H+-rectorite clay,which was prepared by modifying the raw rectorite with 10% hydrochloric acid at 60 °C for 24 h,was used as an absorbent for removal of methyl blue (MB) from aqueous solutions.The morphology and the structure and crystallinity of the pristine rectorite and the H+-rectorite were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique and X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique,respectively.The results showed that the H+-rectorite exhibited high adsorption ability than the raw rectorite,and it was found that the removal percentage of MB increased with increasing in adsorbents dose,whereas the adsorption amount qe (mg/g) decreased.The equilibrium was attained within 30 min in adsorption process,and the maximum adsorption capacity of H+-rectorite for methylene blue reached as high as 37 mg/g.Besides,the effect of temperature on the adsorption of MB with H+-rectorite was investigated and the equilibrium data were well fitted to Freundlich equations.The H+-rectorite absorbent saturated with MB can be regenerated by calcinating at 400 °C for 2 h and the regenerated absorbent still showed higher percentage removal of MB.     

亚甲基蓝模拟废水的电化学处理

为了探讨电化学法处理亚甲基蓝模拟废水的影响因素,采用钛钌电极做阳极,钢板做阴极,处理亚甲基蓝模拟废水,考察了外加电压、电解质种类、电解质浓度、极板间距、原水浓度及电解时间对处理效果的影响.结果表明:最佳电化学处理条件为外加电压7 V,电解质NaCl浓度0.02 mol/L,极板间距2 cm,原水质量浓度200 mg/L,电解时间2 h,在不改变室温和原水pH值的条件下,电化学处理亚甲基蓝的脱色率可达98.4%.因此,电化学处理亚甲基蓝模拟废水,影响亚甲基蓝脱色的主要因素有外加电压、电解质种类及其浓度、极板间距及电解时间,原水浓度也有一定的影响.     

改性花生壳处理亚甲基蓝模拟废水试验研究

采用碱、盐、碳化改性花生壳以改变其原有结构增加孔容积,使吸附能力增强.用单因素变量法考察了改性剂浓度、改性时间、改性温度、液固比等因素对改性花生壳吸附性能的影响.结果表明:碳化处理的花生壳对亚甲基蓝模拟废水的吸附效果最好,碱改性的其次,三种改性花生壳对亚甲基蓝的去除率分别为96.7%,93.1%,70.2%。     

污泥半焦对亚甲基蓝的吸附

利用污泥半焦的吸附性能对亚甲基蓝溶液进行吸附实验,并得出最佳条件.结果表明, 反应温度为40 ℃, 溶液pH 值为11, 半焦投加量为2 g/L, 吸附时间为30 min,亚甲基蓝的质量浓度为15 g/L时,污泥半焦对亚甲基蓝的脱色率可高达89.79%,污泥半焦具有良好的吸附效果, 对亚甲基蓝的吸附行为符合Langmuir等温方程.     

Biosorption of methylene blue by chemically modified cellulose waste

Citric acid modifi ed cellulose waste（CMCW） was prepared via esterifi cation and used as a low-cost biosorbent for the removal of methylene blue（MB） from aqueous solutions. The effects of biosorbent concentration, initial pH of MB solution, biosorption temperature, contact time, and initial MB concentration on the biosorption of MB were investigated using batch biosorption technique under static conditions. The experimental results showed that CMCW exhibited excellent biosorption characteristics for MB. The maximum biosorption capacity of MB was up to 214.5 mg/g at an adsorption temperature of 293 K. The removal rate of MB onto CMCW reached the maximum at pH〉4 and the biosorption reached an equilibrium at about 50 min. The kinetic data can be described well with the pseudo-second-order model and the isotherm data was found to fi t the Langmuir isotherm with a monolayer adsorption capacity of 211.42 mg/g. The biosorption appears to be controlled by chemisorption and may be involved in surface adsorption and pore diffusion during the whole biosorption process.     

Kinetics and mechanism of the adsorption of methylene blue onto ACFs

The kinetics and mechanism of methylene blue (MB) adsorption onto activated carbon fibers (ACFs) have been studied.The effects of various experimental parameters, such as the initial MB concentration and the ACF mass, on the adsorption rate were investigated. Equilibrium data were fit well by a Freundlich isotherm equation. Adsorption measurements show that the process is very fast. The adsorption data were modeled using first- and second-order kinetic equations and intra-particle diffusion models. It was found that the first-order kinetic equation could best describe the adsorption kinetics. The adsorption process was found to be complex and controlled by both surface and pore diffusion with surface diffusion at the earlier stages, followed by pore diffusion at the later stages. The thermodynamic parameters △G0, △S0 and △H0, have been calculated. The thermodynamics of the MB-ACF system indicate that the adsorption process is spontaneous.     

稀硫酸改性花生壳对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能研究

研究稀硫酸改性花生壳对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能,探讨了吸附时间、初始浓度、pH值、温度等因素对吸附性能的影响,并研究了花生壳的再生和重复使用率.结果显示：改性花生壳对亚甲基蓝的最大吸附率为94.53%,最大吸附量为18.53 mg/g;吸附行为满足Langmuir吸附等温式;花生壳可再生使用.