野木瓜酚性成分研究

目的研究野木瓜(Stauntonia chinensis DC.)的化学成分。方法利用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、ODS柱色谱及制备型HPLC等方法进行分离纯化,通过化合物的理化性质、波谱分析及化学反应鉴定其化学结构。结果与结论分离得到5个酚性成分,结构分别鉴定为:苏式-1-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1,2,3-丙三醇(1)、赤式-1-(4-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基苯基)-1,2,3-丙三醇(2)、4-羟基-2-甲氧基苯基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、4-羟基-2,6-二甲氧基苯基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)、2-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基-(6-O-咖啡酰基)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(5)。化合物1~5均为从该属植物首次分离。     

Triterpenoid saponins from Stauntonia chinensis

A new triterpenoid saponin, named stauntoside A (1) along with four known saponins (2,3,4,5) was isolated from Stauntonia chinensis DC., (Lardizabalaceae). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and chemical methods as 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-30-norhederagenin -28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (1), 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-30- norhederagenin-28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2), 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-30-norhederagenin-28-O-alpha-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (3), 3-O-alpha-L- arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin-28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D- glucopyranosyl ester (4), 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin -28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (5). The (1)H and (13)C NMR data for Glycoside L-G1 or Sinofoside A are paradox in the reported before. Thus, the structure elucidation of saponin 2, known as Glycoside L-G1 or Sinofoside A, was discussed and the unambiguous assignments were given.     

Triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Clematis chinensis Osbeck

A new triterpenoid saponin named clematichinenoside AR₂, along with the six known compounds, was isolated and characterized from Clematis chinensis Osbeck (Ranunculaceae), a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine with anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatoid activities. The structure of the new saponin was elucidated as 3-O-β-[(O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-ribopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]olean-12-en-21α-hydroxy-28-oic acid-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (1) by spectral analysis and chemical methods. The effects of two major saponins (clematichinenosides AR and AR₂) on the secretion of TNF-α in murine peritoneal macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharides were further investigated. The result indicated that a majority of triterpenoid saponins of this herb may be useful in the exploration of lead compounds for the treatment of some autoimmune diseases.     

野木瓜化学成分及其药理和临床研究进展

目的综述有关中药野木瓜的化学成分、药理作用及临床应用方面的研究进展。方法对近年来国内外期刊中有关文献进行检索和综述。结果野木瓜含有多种化学成分,主要有去甲五环三萜皂苷类化合物、木脂素苷类化合物、黄酮类和酚性成分等;药理作用方面,野木瓜具有镇痛抗炎、阻滞神经传导、放射增敏、抑制胃肠道平滑肌等药理活性;临床应用方面,野木瓜主要用于治疗腰椎间盘突出症、腰椎骨质增生、三叉神经痛、坐骨神经痛、神经性头痛、风湿关节痛等疾病。结论中药野木瓜资源丰富,具有多种生物活性,特别是镇痛抗炎活性显著,开发应用前景广阔。     

Two new triterpenoid glycosides from the leaves of Anthocephalus chinensis

Nine compounds were isolated from the leaves of Anthocephalus chinensis by column chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques as clethric acid-28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (1), mussaendoside T (2), β-stigmasterol (3), hederagenin (4), ursolic acid (5), clethric acid (6), 3β,6β,19α,24-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (7), mussaendoside I (8), and cadambine (9). Compounds 1 and 2, and 7 and 8 were isolated from the plants of this genus for the first time, and compounds 1 and 2 were new triterpenoid glycosides.     

Three triterpenoid saponins acylated with monoterpenic acid from Gymnocladus chinensis

A new triterpenoid saponin acylated with monoterpenic acid, together with two known triterpenoid saponins, has been isolated from the fruit of Gymnocladus chinensis Baill. Their structures were elucidated as 2β,23-dihydroxy-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-21-O-{(6S)-2-trans-2,6-dimethyl-6-O-[3-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-4-O-((6S)-2-trans-2,6-dimethyl-6-hydroxy-2,7-octadienoyl)-β-L-arabinopyranosyl]-2,7-octadienoyl}-acacic acid 28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (1), gymnocladus saponin E (2), and gymnocladus saponin F₂ (3).     

Triterpenoid saponins from the rhizome of Polygonatum sibiricum

Three new triterpenoid saponins, polygonoides C (1), D (2), and E (3), were obtained from the ethanolic extract of the rhizome of Polygonatum sibiricum Redoute. On the basis of NMR and ESI-MS spectra, and chemical evidence, the structures of the three new compounds were elucidated as 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,7β,22β-trihydroxy-oleanolic acid (1), 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,7β,22β-trihydroxy-oleanolic acid methyl ester (2), and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[α-L-rhamno-pyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,21β-dihydroxy-oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-glucopyranoside (3).     

Triterpenoid saponins from the stems of Clematis parviloba

Sixteen triterpenoid saponins (1–16) were isolated from the stems of Clematis parviloba, including a new compound, parvilobaside A (1), which was established as 23-O-acetyl-hederagenin-3-O-β-d-ribopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-l-arabinopyranoside on the basis of various spectroscopic techniques and chemical evidences. Among the isolated compounds, clematoside S (2) and α-hederin (4) showed moderate cytotoxic activities against four human tumor cell lines (HCT-8, Bel-7402, BGC-823, and A-2780) with IC₅₀ values in the range of 1.44–6.86 μg/ml.     

Triterpenoid saponins from Anemone flaccida induce apoptosis activity in HeLa cells

Five triterpenoid saponins were isolated from Anemone flaccida Fr. Schmidt. Their structures were identified as glycoside St-I4a (1), glycoside St-J (2), anhuienoside E (3), hederasaponin B (4), and flaccidoside II (5). Compounds 1–2 were isolated from Anemone family for the first time, and compounds 3–4 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The inhibitory effects of saponins on proliferation of HeLa cells were studied by MTT assay, the apoptosis-induction activity was observed by cell-cycle analysis and caspase-3 expression assay. The antitumor activities of the saponins were ranked in the following order: 5>3>4>1>2. The data presented here indicated that naturally occurring triterpenoid saponins can be regarded as excellent structures for the potential development of new anticancer agents.     

Two new lignan glycosides from the seeds of Cuscuta chinensis

Two new lignan glycosides, 2′-hydroxyl asarinin 2′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (cuscutoside C, 1) and 2′-hydroxyl asarinin 2′-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (cuscutoside D, 2), were isolated from the seeds of Cuscuta chinensis Lam., along with six known compounds, 2′-hydroxyl asarinin 2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), 2′-hydroxyl asarinin 2′-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (cuscutoside A, 4), kaempferol 3,7-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), 5-caffeoyl quinic acid (6), 4-caffeoyl quinic acid (7), and cinnamic acid (8). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses including HR-ESI-MS, ESI-MS/MS, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, HSQC, HMBC, and TOCSY.     

野木瓜果实总皂苷体外抗肿瘤作用研究

目的 研究野木瓜果实总皂苷对人肺癌细胞A549、人肝癌细胞BEL-7402和人胃癌细胞SGC-7901增殖的影响.方法 将生长状态良好的A549细胞、BEL-7402细胞和SGC-7901细胞分为7组:阴性对照组,野木瓜果实总皂苷组(40、80、160、320、640 mg·L-1)组和丝裂霉素组(10 mg·L-1),药物作用12、24、48 h后,MTT法测定细胞增殖抑制率.结果 野木瓜果实总皂苷能显著抑制A549细胞、BEL-7402细胞和SGC-7901细胞的增殖,呈一定剂量和时间依赖关系,作用A549细胞12、24、48 h的半数抑制浓度(IC50)分别为492.38、293.43、141.84 mg·L-1;作用BEL-7402细胞12、24、48 h的IC50分别为427.74、243.91、101.79 mg·L-1;作用SGC-7901细胞12、24、48 h的IC50分别为463.35、256.77、113.22 mg·L-1.结论 野木瓜果实总皂苷有明显抑制A549细胞、BEL-7402细胞和SGC-7901细胞体外增殖的作用,其中BEL-7402细胞对野木瓜果实总皂苷最为敏感.     

野木瓜果实总皂苷对BEL-7402/5 FU细胞多药耐药性的逆转作用

目的 研究野木瓜果实总皂苷对人肝癌耐药细胞BEL-7402/5 FU多药耐药(MDR)的逆转作用,并初步探讨其耐药逆转机制.方法 采用MTT法测定5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)、阿霉素(ADM)、丝裂霉素(MMC)和野木瓜果实总皂苷对BEL-7402细胞、BEL-7402/5 FU细胞的毒性及野木瓜果实总皂苷逆转MDR的效果;利用蛋白质印迹法检测P-糖蛋白(P-gp)的表达情况.结果 BEL-7402/5 FU细胞对5-FU、ADM、MMC的耐药指数分别为21.71,2.73,2.11;野木瓜果实总皂苷能有效抑制BEL-7402/5 FU细胞增殖,无细胞毒性剂量为5,10 μg/mL,逆转耐药倍数分别为1.36、1.93;野木瓜果实总皂苷联合5-FU作用BEL-7402/5 FU细胞,可降低P-gp蛋白表达.结论 野木瓜果实总皂苷能部分逆转BEL-7402/5 FU细胞MDR,其机制可能是通过下调P-gp的表达而实现的.     

串果藤中甘草素和异甘草素对大鼠单胺氧化酶的体外抑制作用(英文)

目的:研究串果藤中甘草素和异甘草素体外对单胺氧化酶A型和B型的抑制作用.方法:根据不同的离心速度制备大鼠全脑粗线粒体作为单胺氧化酶的酶源;分别以5-羟基[侧链-2-~(14)C]色胺肌酸硫酸盐([~(14)C]5-HT)和2-苯基[1-~(14)C]乙基胺盐酸盐([~(14)C]β-PEA)为单胺氧化酶A型和B型放射性底物,用液体闪烁技术,研究甘草素和异甘草素酶抑制作用和抑制类型.结果:甘草素和异甘草素对单胺氧化酶A型和B型均具有抑制作用,呈良好的量效关系,对单胺氧化酶A型的IC_(50)(95％的可信限)分别为32(26-36)μmol/L和13.9(12.8-15.6)μmol/L,对单胺氧化酶B型的IC_(50)值分别为104.6(89.0-118.9)μmol/L和47.2(39.5-54.5)μmol/L.酶抑制特征曲线显示甘草素和异甘草素对单胺氧化酶A型呈非竞争性抑制,K_i值分别为31.5μmol/L和14.3μmol/L,而对单胺氧化酶B型呈混合竞争性抑制,K_i值分别为164.7μmol/L和62.2μmol/L,K_I值分别为15.2μmol/L和9.3μmol/L.结论:甘草素和异甘草素体外对单胺氧化酶A型呈非竞争性抑制作用,对单胺氧化酶B型呈混合竞争性抑制作用.     

Triterpenoid saponins from Vaccaria segetalis

A new triterpenoid saponin, named segetoside C (1), and two known saponins, vaccaroid A (vaccaroside A) (2) and dianoside G (3), have been isolated from the seeds of Vaccaria segetalis. On the basis of chemical reaction and spectral data, the structure of segetoside C (1) has been established as: gypsogenic acid-28-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)]-[6-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside.     

楤木化学成分的研究

目的 研究楤木的化学成分.方法 采用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20、ODS柱层析、半制备型高效液相色谱等分离方法进行分离纯化,经理化性质和波谱数据分析鉴定化合物结构.结果 分离鉴定了4个三萜皂苷类化合物,分别鉴定为elatoside K methyl ester(Ⅰ)、araloside Amethyl ester(Ⅱ)、pseudoginsenoside RTl butyl ester (Ⅲ)和太白楤木皂苷Ⅰ(Ⅳ).结论 化合物Ⅰ为新化合物,化合物Ⅱ～Ⅳ均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

New ecdysteroid and ecdysteroid glycosides from the roots of Serratula chinensis

Three new ecdysteroid glycosides (1–3) and one new ecdysteroid (4), were isolated from the roots of Serratula chinensis. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis and chemical methods.     

Four new triterpenoid glycosides from the seed residue of Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. sinensis

Four new triterpenoid saponins (1–4) were isolated from the seed residue of Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. sinensis, named 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)]-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-13-ene-19-one-28-oic acid 28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (1), 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)]-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-13-ene-19-one-30-hydroxyolean-28-oic acid 28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (2), 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)]-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β-d-glucopyranosyl-13-ene-19-one-28-oic acid 28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (3), and 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)]-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β-d-glucopyranosyl-13-ene-19-one-30-hydroxyolean-28-oic acid 28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (4), and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical methods.     

狭叶南五味子中的抗生育活性三萜酸

目的：从狭叶南五味子茎中分离鉴定生物活性成分。方法：采用溶剂提取及柱色谱法进行分离。光谱技术鉴定化合物的结构。结果：分得8个已知化合物及两个三萜酸的混合物，结构鉴定为表安五酸（epi-anwuweizic acid,1)，莽草酸（shikimicacid,2)，儿茶精（（ ）-catechin,3),poriferast-5-en-3β，7α-diol(4),β-谷甾醇95），胡萝卜甙（6），cerotic acid 1-monoglyceride(7),behenic acid 1-monoglyceride(8)及coccinic acid(9)和安五酸（anwuweizonic acid,10)的混合物。结论：9和10的混合物体外对人蜕膜细胞和鼠黄体细胞有显著抑制作用。化合物2-4，7和8首次自五味子科植物中分得，化合物1，5，6，9和10首次分自本植物。     

浙江七叶树种子中三萜皂苷成分的分离和鉴定*

目的:研究浙江七叶树Aesculus chinensis Bunge var.chekiangensis(Huet Fang)Fang种子中的化学成分。方法:采用大孔吸附树脂柱色谱、高效液相色谱等方法进行分离和纯化,根据化合物的谱学数据鉴定其结构。结果:从浙江七叶树种子的70%乙醇提取物中分离得到3个三萜皂苷类化合物,分别鉴定为七叶树皂苷(escins)IVe和IVh及七叶树皂苷(aesculuside)A。结论:这3个化合物皆为首次从浙江七叶树种子中分离得到。