泥炭对砂基运动场坪床基质理化性质及草坪草的影响

研究不同泥炭施用量对砂基运动场坪床根层基质孔隙度、渗透性、pH值等理化性状的影响,以及对草坪草再生速度、成坪时间、生物量等的影响,探讨泥炭的改良效果及合理的施用量。结果表明:(1)泥炭施入能够使坪床基质的渗透性降低,总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度增大,毛管孔隙和非毛管孔隙的比例趋于平衡,有利于提高坪床保水能力和通气性。(2)泥炭有机质含量高,能改善坪床的养分供应状况,增强草坪草再生能力,缩短成坪时间,提高草坪质量。(3)由于泥炭的pH值偏低,过多施用会使坪床基质偏酸,不利于草坪草生长,因此应控制其用量,适宜的用量为10%~15%。     

不同基质材料对仙客来幼苗生长的影响

试验进行了不同基质材料对仙客来萌发及幼苗期生长的研究。选用4种基本基质材料,按照一定比例配成6种栽培基质配方,结果表明,基质A6配方(椰绒:珍珠岩=1:1)为较理想的基质配方。其发芽率、幼苗叶片数、株高、叶宽和球茎直径等的差异显著。     

电子舌响应信号与牛奶理化指标的典型相关分析

选取伊利纯牛奶作为研究对象并采用电子舌进行检测,在简单相关分析的基础上,采用多元统计分析中的典型相关分析法对牛奶电子舌响应信号与其理化指标的关系进行了初步分析。试验结果表明:第一典型相关系数和第二典型相关系数分别是0.8451和0.7843,前两对典型变量共占总相关的91.37%;响应信号组的第一典型变量(V1)对牛奶理化指标具有一定的预测能力,但预测能力较弱,起主要作用的是ZZ传感器响应信号(X1)、CA传感器响应信号(X4)和JB传感器响应信号(X7);与此同时,V和W的四个典型变量分别解释另一组变量总方差的42.49%和43.25%。典型相关分析的研究结果表明电子舌基本能够预测牛奶的理化指标。     

不同配比有机基质养分转化与甜瓜生长发育关系

以厚皮甜瓜“优选早蜜”为材料,研究了牛粪和麦秸混合腐熟物与沙化土不同体积配比基质中有机肥养分转化及其与甜瓜生长发育的关系。结果表明:在甜瓜生长过程中有机肥养分转化百分率为氮素呈线性上升、磷素呈先下降后缓慢上升、钾素为先降低后急剧上升的变化规律,其中磷、钾元素随着基质中有机肥含量的增加而增加。基质中速效氮的变化规律为先增高后降低,速效磷、钾则一直呈下降趋势;总氮、磷、钾和有机质均呈下降趋势,但均随基质中有机肥含量的增高而增大。甜瓜植株高度、茎粗、根系活力和叶片叶绿素含量等在甜瓜生长发育前期均随着基质中有机肥含量的增高而降低,但在中后期则随着其含量的增加而增大。从满足甜瓜生长过程中营养需求的角度综合考虑,以混合腐熟物与沙化土体积1∶1配比最佳,其次为0.75∶1,0.5∶1和0.25∶1。     

氨基酸嗜盐不对称指数与其理化性质的相关性

了解嗜盐蛋白氨基酸使用的偏好及该偏好与其理化性质之间的联系对探索嗜盐蛋白构效关系具有重要意义。本文选取极端嗜盐细菌Salinibacter ruber和非嗜盐菌Pelodictyon luteolum中362对同源蛋白,统计了52102个氨基酸突变位点,以此计算氨基酸的嗜盐不对称指数(HAI),并与243个理化性质进行相关性分析。结果表明:天冬氨酸的嗜盐性能最强,而异亮氨酸和赖氨酸最弱;243个理化性质中有16个同HAI存在显著相关性,其中5个呈正相关;氨基酸的亲疏水性及β折叠的倾向性是影响HAI值的两种最重要的理化性质。本文提出的氨基酸嗜盐不对称指数为了解嗜盐蛋白稳定性机制提供了新视角。     

淮北变性土性状特点对其生产性能的影响及农业利用对策

本研究基于黄淮海平原多个变性土剖面分层土壤样品的土壤理化性状分析数据,对其肥力特征、生产性能以及培肥改良措施进行了系统研究。相关结果表明,机械组成中粘粒含量高、质地粘重、土壤结构和孔隙性差是变性土主要物理性状特征,受其影响,土壤表现出耕作性能差、蓄水能力弱、保水性能不强等特点;化学性状主要表现为有机质含量不高、质量差,土壤氮素水平仍较低,耕层土壤速效磷含量分异加大,土壤速效钾含量缓慢降低,土壤CEC含量较高,土壤保肥性能强,但供肥性能较差等特点。这些性状特点对土壤生产性能的影响主要表现在土壤适耕期短,易受旱、涝(渍)灾害的危害,土壤有效养分低、营养失调,钙质结核影响土壤蓄水能力和水分运行以及作物根系生长等方面。指出:(1)增加土壤有机质,改良土壤理化性质;(2)合理施肥,促进土壤养分平衡;(3)改进耕作、灌溉技术,调控土壤水分状况等是培育变性土肥力质量、提高土壤生产性能的关键性措施。     

川中丘陵区城墙岩群和蓬莱镇组紫色岩上土壤性质研究

采用野外调查、取样和室内实验分析相结合的方法,研究了川中丘陵区白垩系城墙岩群(K1cg)和侏罗系蓬莱镇组(J3p)两种紫色母岩上土壤理化性质特征和差异,结果表明:两种紫色岩母质发育的土壤粘粒含量低,而砂粒含量高;土壤有机质和氮素含量低,而矿质养分含量丰富;在相同的地形部位上,J3p发育的土壤粘粒、全钾、速效钾和速效磷含量高于K1cg发育的土壤,而K1cg发育的土壤pH和土壤全磷均高于J3p发育的土壤,两种紫色岩母质形成的土壤有机质和氮素差异不明显。从丘顶到丘脚,土层逐渐增厚,土壤粘粒含量逐渐递增,砂粒含量逐渐递减;土壤有机质及各种矿质养分含量均呈递增趋势。     

案头牡丹农艺指标与基质配方理化指标关系的研究

采用主成分分析的方法对牡丹农艺指标进行了简化,然后采用典型相关分析法对反映案头牡丹生长状况的一组指标与反映基质理化性质状况的另一组指标进行分析。结果表明案头牡丹的农艺指标与基质理化指标相关极显著,两组指标之间的相关主要是由株花蕾数与容重有显著相关引起的。统计分析提示案头牡丹与基质配方理化性质的差别主要是由于容重造成的。案头牡丹的开花朵数主要与电导率的高低有关。     

复配芦苇末基质在甜椒育苗上的应用效果

以石英砂为对照,研究了以芦苇末基质为主要成分的不同配比基质在甜椒育苗上的应用效果。结果表明:50%芦苇末 25%蛭石 25%珍珠岩的混配基质理化性状较好,均在理想基质范围内,甜椒幼苗生长势良好,根系活力、叶绿素含量、净光合速率较高,育苗效果理想。     

矿区废弃地土壤重构与性能恢复研究进展

土壤重构是土地复垦研究的核心内容。本文从生物种类与活性、土壤理化性质与矿物学特性、土壤重构新技术的使用等三个方面综述了当前国外进行矿区废弃地土壤重构研究现状;同时从土壤理化性质与土壤养分、土壤微生物及生化特征、土壤剖面重构等三个方面对国内矿区土壤重构研究进展进行了阐述。     

Adaptation of the near-field acoustic sensor to the measurement of the media properties

In this work, the geometry of the near-field acoustic (NFA) sensor has been modified and adapted to the media properties to be characterized. The NFA method consists in studying the alterations of resonance curve of a horn whose tip, the probe, is immersed in the medium to be characterized. The sensor design has been changed by variation of cylinders lengths and their sections ratio. So sensitivity in the measuring of the liquids properties as well as in the characterization of the cement setting has been increased.     

Retrieval of warm cloud optical properties using simple approximations

A new technique relying on SimpLe Approximations for cLOudy Media (SLALOM) for the retrieval of cloud optical and microphysical parameters from optical satellite data during daytime is introduced. The technique is based on simple yet highly accurate approximations of the asymptotic solutions of the radiative transfer theory which have already been implemented in the forward radiative transfer model CLOUD. These approximations enable a solution of the equations of the corresponding backward model during runtime leading to a very fast computation speed. Since these asymptotic solutions are generally applicable to weakly absorbing media only, pre-calculated look-up tables for the reflection function of a semi-infinite cloud (and also the escape function) are used to overcome this restriction within this new retrieval. SLALOM is capable of retrieving the cloud optical thickness, the effective cloud droplet radius, the liquid and ice water paths, the particle absorption length as well as some other properties of water and ice clouds. The comparison of SLALOM with both exact radiative transfer computations and the NASA MODIS cloud property product shows a very good agreement. A Fortran implementation of both CLOUD and SLALOM is available for download under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 license (see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0) at http://www.klimatologie.uni-bayreuth.de.     

基于状态视图的流媒体图像信息置乱隐藏算法

针对流媒体图像存在的信息安全隐患问题,提出了一种基于状态视图的流媒体图像信息置乱隐藏算法。首先,使用基于限邻域经验模式分解（NLEMD）的流媒体图像增强算法来增强流媒体图像以及凸显流媒体图像的细节信息,从而实现流媒体图像增强的效果;然后,通过基于状态视图的高效编码和解码算法对流媒体图像信息实施编码与解码,从而完成流媒体图像信息的置乱隐藏。实验结果表明,所提算法可有效、全面置乱隐藏植物类、文字类的流媒体图像信息,且对流媒体图像增强显著,在流媒体图像信息的置乱隐藏中,该算法的置乱隐藏度高于95%,可保护流媒体图像信息安全。     

Online,mixed, and offline media multitasking: Role of cultural,socio-demographic,and media factors

This study examined the role of cultural and socio-demographic factors in predicting frequency of media multitasking behavior in three contexts based on the nature of media combination. A model was proposed to study these relationships; group-level cultural factors and socio-demographic factors were incorporated as exogenous variables, and media ownership, preference for multitasking, and frequencies of online, mixed, and offline media multitasking were included as endogenous variables. Data was collected using an online survey. Results indicated that both age and education significantly influenced online multitasking but for offline multitasking behavior, only age had a significant influence. Media ownership and one of the four group-level cultural factors predicted preference for multitasking, and preference for multitasking predicted frequency of media multitasking in all three contexts. Overall, findings highlight the role of cognitive factors as predictors of online media multitasking behavior. Findings also point towards the importance of individual's preference for multitasking in predicting media multitasking behavior across online, offline, and mixed media multitasking contexts.     

基于主动测试的流媒体业务性能测量工具设计与实现

流媒体业务是推动下一代互联网发展的主要动力之一,对其性能的测量极为重要。根据流媒体业务性能测量的要求,借鉴主动测试技术,从端用户角度提出了合理反映流媒体业务性能的指标,分析了精确测量性能指标的方法,从而设计并实现了基于主动测试的流媒体业务性能测量工具,并对设计的关键问题做了分析。测量实验表明测量工具运行健壮,测量数据精确,取得了理想的效果。     

Enacting archetypes in movies: grounding the unconscious mind in emotion-driven media

Abstract

The concept of emotion-driven media integrates affective computing into developing new types of digital media by including the human spectator as an essential part of the whole system. Enactive media, as a landmark in this direction, provides a theoretical basis that is rooted in the enactivist approach in cognitive science. Based on this thesis, it is required to establish a practical procedure for developing the media content through integrating psychological approaches. We demonstrate a systematic approach for developing the content for emotion-driven media. The theory of archetypes, one of the psychoanalytical approaches, was applied for editing movie clips as the media content, and coupled the content with emotional responses by using experimental psychological methodologies. The results showed that it is promising to utilise archetypal movie clips as the content of emotion-driven media and archetypal symbolism can be a useful resource for developing the content of media systems.     

Communication media choice by workers in distributed environment

Information technology (IT) is the facilitator for successful implementation of distributed-work. However, research on the implication of different types of IT in distributed-work in an organization is limited. The aim of our research was to study the distributed-worker’s media use empirically, and determine the influential factors that affect the media selection and its effect on distributed-work. To achieve the objectives of the research, a hypothetical model that shows the relationships between media use and contextual factors, individual characteristics, media richness, and social influence was developed and validated. Distributed-workers’ day-to-day, job related, communication information was collected through log-sheets. Data analysis showed that simple communication media, such as telephone and e-mail, is effective enough for carrying out job related activities from remote sites. Contextual, individual, and social level factors were found to influence the media selection of distributed-workers. Though, e-mail is thought to be a lean medium in media richness theory, this study shows that e-mail oriented workers use it effectively even for complex communication tasks, such as discussion.     

The influence of user interaction and participation in social media on the consumption intention of niche products

Social media may be particularly adept at promoting niche products because of the tendency of consumers to participate in generating reviews and discussing such products, thereby raising interest in them. In this study, we investigate how patterns of user interaction in discussing a niche cultural product may influence participation levels, which in turn enhance consumption intentions. We show that higher levels of participation can indeed enhance consumption intention. Furthermore, interaction patterns with high inclusiveness and betweenness centralization may enhance participation levels, whereas out-degree centralization and core-periphery have a detrimental influence. Implications for research and practice are discussed.     

An integrated approach to untangling mediated connectedness with online and mobile media

With the growth and convergence of mobile and social computing technology, mobile media are accorded new social meaning manifested in different aspects of our everyday life. This paper employs multiple theoretical frameworks—including the theory of the niche, the framework of media repertoires, and the communication infrastructure model—to examine individual-technology relationship as manifested through media repertoires and media connectedness. It argues that individuals tend to construct a set of media options and build connectedness with media technologies by engaging in a wide scope of activities through these media. In turn, this media repertoire and media connectedness may facilitate the performance of social and cultural practices in the public space. To investigate this conceptualization empirically, this study conducted a secondary analysis of data collected by the Pew Research Center in the United States. The results showed that multidimensional use of mobile apps was predicted by multidimensional Internet use, along with the scope of regular apps used and monetary investment by users. Additionally, multidimensional Internet use and the use of media repertoires consisting of mobile media and social media for socio-cultural activities facilitate public socio-cultural engagement. These results bring to light a new way of understanding how humans appropriate multiple types of technologies for activities in everyday life.