G~1连续几何偏微分方程B样条曲面的构造

为了在曲面拼接和自由形式曲面设计中生成G1光滑的曲面,提出一种使用四阶几何偏微分方程构造B样条曲面的方法.该方法基于切梯度算子、第二切算子、Laplace-Beltrami算子和Giaquinta-Hildebrandt算子在四边形网格上的离散化及收敛性分析,在G1边界光滑约束条件下使用一般形式的四阶几何偏微分方程构造四边B样条曲面片.数值实验结果表明该方法是有效的,确能产生满足G1光滑边界条件的曲面.     

平面n边域上高品质四边网格生成方法

在有限元分析中,四边网格比三角网格更难以生成,特别是在具有复杂形状和拓扑结构的平面域上.为此,基于几何迭代算法,提出一种在形状复杂和高亏格的n边平面域上生成高质量四边网格的方法,并保证生成的四边网格不自交.该方法以自适应像素化离散技术生成的四边网格作为初始网格,网格边界迭代拟合至给定的平面区域边界,其中每次边界迭代后,通过分层的Laplace算子改变内部顶点的位置;在迭代过程中,网格顶点的移动都受到限制,保证生成的网格严格不自交.最后通过实验验证了文中算法的效率和有效性.     

几何自适应参数曲面网格生成

为满足有限元分析的需要,针对参数曲面提出一种几何自适应的网格生成方法.通过黎曼度量控制下的曲面约束Delaunay三角化获得曲面中轴,将其用于自动识别曲面邻近特征,并通过曲率计算自动识别曲率特征;根据邻近特征和曲率特征,融合传统网格尺寸控制技术控制边界曲线离散,并创建密度场;结合映射法和前沿推进技术对组合参数曲面生成几何自适应的网格.实验结果表明,该方法能够处理复杂的几何外形,生成的网格具有很好的自适应效果和质量.     

基于变分隐式曲面的网格融合

三维物体融合利用三维模型之间的剪贴操作从两个或多个现有的几何模型中光滑融合出新的几何模型.作为一种新的几何造型方法,它正受到越来越多的关注.提出一种基于变分隐式曲面的网格融合新方法.首先利用平面截面切出网格物体的待融合边界,然后通过构造插值待融合网格物体边界的变分隐式曲面并对其进行多边形化,得到待融合网格物体间的过渡曲面,最后通过剪切掉过渡曲面的多余部分及拓扑合并操作以实现过渡网格曲面与原始网格间的光滑融合与现有的直接连接待融合网格物体边界以实现网格融合的算法相比,该方法不仅突破了对待融合物体的拓扑限制,允许多个物体同时进行融合,而且算法计算快速、鲁棒,使用方便,展示出良好的应用前景.     

含复杂插值曲面实体六面体网格优化方法

复杂插值曲面的几何形态由散乱数据点控制,优化含这类曲面实体的六面体网格难以保证边界一致.借鉴Balendran提出的直接法,建立正四边形结点的空间几何关系方程,并作为优化约束,以移动结点使每个六面体的各个侧面趋近于正四边形,实现网格优化.将原始采样点及其它控制插值曲面几何形态的数据转化为控制点约束,以保证边界一致性.结合优化约束与控制点约束,作为离散光滑插值(DSI)方程的约束项,实现网格优化与曲面插值的耦合.实例表明,该方法能够在保证复杂插值曲面边界一致性的前提下实现六面体网格优化.     

一种网格融合算法

快速建模是三维游戏动画领域的重要技术,从已有模型经过修改、编辑、融合构建出新的模型是一种高效的建模方法.本文提出了一种网格模型融合算法,该算法首先将需要的部分网格从源模型上交互剪切下来,并将其配准对齐;然后将两网格模型转化成点模型表示,并将点模型转化成RBF隐函数表示;再对两隐函数进行布尔运算;最后将布尔运算生的隐函数曲面在两网格接合区域进行三角形化,得到最终的网格模型.算法定义了隐函数曲面的影响区域,有效控制融合过渡.采用边界扩展的三角形化方法,保留了融合区域以外源模型的特征.实验结果表明,本文算法具有很好的网格融合结果,可用于游戏动画中快速造型.     

边界简化与多目标优化相结合的高质量四边形网格生成

目的 高质量四边形网格生成是计算机辅助设计、等几何分析与图形学领域中一个富有挑战性的重要问题。针对这一问题,提出一种基于边界简化与多目标优化的高质量四边形网格生成新框架。方法 首先针对亏格非零的平面区域,提出一种将多连通区域转化为单连通区域的方法,可生成高质量的插入边界;其次,提出"可简化角度"和"可简化面积比率"两个阈值概念,从顶点夹角和顶点三角形面积入手,将给定的多边形边界简化为粗糙多边形;然后对边界简化得到的粗糙多边形进行子域分解,并确定每个子域内的网格顶点连接信息;最后提出四边形网格的均匀性和正交性度量目标函数,并通过多目标非线性优化技术确定网格内部顶点的几何位置。结果 在同样的离散边界下,本文方法与现有方法所生成的四边网格相比,所生成的四边网格顶点和单元总数目较少,网格单元质量基本类似,计算时间成本大致相同,但奇异点数目可减少70% 80%,衡量网格单元质量的比例雅克比值等相关指标均有所提高。结论 本文所提出的四边形网格生成方法能够有效减少网格中的奇异点数目,并可生成具有良好光滑性、均匀性和正交性的高质量四边形网格,非常适用于工程分析和动画仿真。     

基于Lagrange-Newton 方法的零亏格网格的参数化

考虑零亏格网格的球面参数化问题,即将给定的零亏格多边形曲面一一映射到单位球面上.已有一些方法解决该问题.针对应用PHT 样条进行曲面拟合的需要,对于给定的零亏格网格,提供了一个改进的算法.这种参数化方法主要包含两部分:一是限制在球面约束条件下,极小化离散调和能量;二是使用Lagrange-Newton 方法求解带约束的优化问题.几个例子演示了参数化的结果,并且说明了应用该参数化结果,能够用PHT 样条曲面更好地拟合给定网格曲面.     

复用拉普拉斯算子的高效网格融合方法

针对传统基于测地线的泊松融合方法中插值旋转场与尺度场计算量大而影响交互建模的应用,提出了基于复用拉普拉斯算子的高效融合方法.该方法将几何融合、旋转场与尺度场的插值问题均转化为拉普拉斯（泊松）方程进行求解,仅需一次Cholesky分解和多次回代计算,得到融合所需的8个标量场,比起传统基于测地线的插值方法快两个数量级;随后,运用基于约束Delaunay三角化与离散极小曲面的鲁棒方法对融合边界处的网格进行优化,实现网格的高效融合.同时,再次复用拉普拉斯算子,在进行几何融合的同时,实现了纹理坐标的快速融合.该算法不仅能够处理具有复杂拓扑与多个边界模型,并获得与传统泊松融合方法相媲美的实验结果,而且显著地提高了效率,能够满足交互响应的需求.     

基于C-C细分的四边形网格上插值光滑Bézier曲面的生成

在任意拓扑的四边形网格上构造光滑的曲面是计算机辅助几何设计中的一个重要问题.基于C-C细分,提出一种从四边形网格上生成插值网格顶点的光滑Bézier曲面片的算法.将输入四边形网格作为C-C细分的初始控制网格,在四边形网格的每张面上对应得到一张Bézier曲面,使Bézier曲面片逼近C-C细分极限曲面.曲面片在与奇异顶点相连的边界上G1连续,其他地方C2连续.为解决C-C细分的收缩问题,给出了基于误差控制的迭代扩张初始控制网格的方法,使从扩张后网格上生成的曲面插值于初始控制网格的顶点.实验结果表明,该算法效率高,生成的曲面具有较好的连续性,适用于对四边化后的网格模型上重建光滑的曲面.     

Motorcycle graph enumeration from quadrilateral meshes for reverse engineering

Recently proposed quad-meshing techniques allow the generation of high-quality semi-regular quadrilateral meshes. This paper outlines the generation of quadrilateral segments using such meshes. Quadrilateral segments are advantageous in reverse engineering because they do not require surface trimming or surface parameterization. The motorcycle graph algorithm of Eppstein et al. produces the motorcycle graph of a given quadrilateral mesh consisting of quadrilateral segments. These graphs are preferable to base complexes, because the mesh can be represented with a smaller number of segments, as T-joints (where the intersection of two neighboring segments does not involve the whole edge or the vertex) are allowed in quadrilateral segmentation.The proposed approach in this study enumerates all motorcycle graphs of a given quadrilateral mesh and optimum graph for reverse engineering is then selected. Due to the high computational cost of enumerating all these graphs, the mesh is cut into several sub-meshes whose motorcycle graphs are enumerated separately. The optimum graph is then selected based on a cost function that produces low values for graphs whose edges trace a large number of highly curved regions in the model. By applying several successive enumeration steps for each sub-mesh, a motorcycle graph for the given mesh is found. We also outline a method for the extraction of feature curves (sets of highly curved edges) and their integration into the proposed algorithm. Quadrilateral segments generated using the proposed techniques are validated by B-spline surfaces.     

由区域生长算法实现四边形网格划分

针对当前各种三角形网格转化为四边形网格算法的缺陷，提出一种实现这种转化的算法——区域生长算法．该算法通过有选择地合并三角形来获得高质量的四边形网格，并且对两个三角形的合并增加约束条件以避免在生成四边形网格的过程中产生残余三角形；同时对生成的四边形网格进行一系列的质量改善操作。     

Anisotropic quadrilateral mesh generation: An indirect approach

In this paper a new indirect approach is presented for anisotropic quadrilateral mesh generation based on discrete surfaces. The ability to generate grids automatically had a pervasive influence on many application areas in particularly in the field of Computational Fluid Dynamics. In spite of considerable advances in automatic grid generation there is still potential for better performance and higher element quality. The aim is to generate meshes with less elements which fit some anisotropy criterion to satisfy numerical accuracy while reducing processing times remarkably. The generation of high quality volume meshes using an advancing front algorithm relies heavily on a well designed surface mesh. For this reason this paper presents a new technique for the generation of high quality surface meshes containing a significantly reduced number of elements. This is achieved by creating quadrilateral meshes that include anisotropic elements along a source of anisotropy.     

高精度自适应的四边形网格重建

提出了海量数据点集的四边形网格重建算法。首先根据精度要求简化数据 点,按一定规则连接相邻的简化数据点生成多边形网格,对网格中高斯曲率较大的顶点进行 局部细分提高其精度,然后对多边形网格进行整体细分使其全部转化为四边形网格,最后分 裂度较大的顶点对其进行优化。实验结果表明,算法对拓扑结构较为复杂的海量数据点集的 四边形网格重建是行之有效的。     

基于3DS模型的四边形网格生成算法研究

针对文献[1]中提出的四边形网格形变因子的不足,提出了曲面中改进的四边形形变因子。根据此约束条件,研究并实现了一种将3DS模型表面三角形网格转化为四边形网格的合并算法,并对极少的残余三角形进行拆分处理,实现彻底转化。经过对已有模型的实际转化实验,表明了本算法的有效性。     

四边形有限元网格的快速生成算法

给出一个使用覆盖栅格生成四边形网格的算法．覆盖法能够快速生成有限元网格，但是边界单元的质量通常比较差，也难以得到全部的四边形网格．将边界内角分成4类，根据不同类型的内角，提出相应的使用覆盖栅格生成完全四边形网格所要采取的修正措施．最后，应用文中算法进行网格划分，结果表明该算法是有效的．     

All-hexahedral mesh generation via inside-out advancing front based on harmonic fields

The generation of hexahedral meshes is an open problem that has undergone significant research. This paper deals with a novel inside-out advancing front method to generate unstructured all-hexahedral meshes for given volumes. Two orthogonal harmonic fields, principal and radial harmonic fields, are generated to guide the inside-out advancing front process based on a few user interactions. Starting from an initial hexahedral mesh inside the given volume, we advance the boundary quadrilateral mesh along the streamlines of radial field and construct layers of hexahedral elements. To ensure high quality and uniform size of the hexahedral mesh, quadrilateral elements are decomposed in such a way that no non-hexahedral element is produced. For complex volume with branch structures, we segment the complex volume into simple sub-volumes that are suitable for our method. Experimental results show that our method generates high quality all-hexahedral meshes for the given volumes.     

Surface Fairing towards Regular Principal Curvature Line Networks

Freeform surfaces whose principal curvature line network is regularly distributed, are essential to many real applications like CAD modeling, architecture design, and industrial fabrication. However, most designed surfaces do not hold this nice property because it is hard to enforce such constraints in the design process. In this paper, we present a novel method for surface fairing which takes a regular distribution of the principal curvature line network on a surface as an objective. Our method first removes the high‐frequency signals from the curvature tensor field of an input freeform surface by a novel rolling guidance tensor filter, which results in a more regular and smooth curvature tensor field, then deforms the input surface to match the smoothed field as much as possible. As an application, we solve the problem of approximating freeform surfaces with regular principal curvature line networks, discretized by quadrilateral meshes. By introducing the circular or conical conditions on the quadrilateral mesh to guarantee the existence of discrete principal curvature line networks, and minimizing the approximate error to the original surface and improving the fairness of the quad mesh, we obtain a regular discrete principal curvature line network that approximates the original surface. We evaluate the efficacy of our method on various freeform surfaces and demonstrate the superiority of the rolling guidance tensor filter over other tensor smoothing techniques. We also utilize our method to generate high‐quality circular/conical meshes for architecture design and cyclide spline surfaces for CAD modeling.     

车身冲压模型腔表面四边形网格的局部粗化

给定一车身冲压模型腔表面上结构化的四边形网格，通过单元合并对网格进行自动的粗化，其目的在于简化冲压仿真模型，提高仿真计算速度，首先，根据单元节点曲率半径的分布，搜寻出满足单元合并条件的初始四边形区域，接头，判断初始合交区域的边界过渡条件，最后，进行单合并，冲压成型仿真应用实例证明，文中算法既提高了仿真速度，又保持了仿真精度，该算法可以推广到任意曲面结构化四边形网格的局部粗化问题。