电子器件发热与冷却技术

电子器件的发展依赖于冷却技术的进步。本文分析了当前电子器件发热的最新现状和发展趋势,以及电子技术发展面临的挑战,并介绍了几种先进的冷却技术,如：改进翅片散热、直接浸入式冷却、冷板冷却、热管冷却、热电冷却技术等。     

液体冷却技术研究进展

电子器件的发展依赖于冷却技术的进步,而液体冷却技术是一种高效的散热技术。文章介绍了几种常见的液冷技术的原理、特点,及将纳米流体应用于液冷技术的新概念,并对液体冷却技术的发展前景做了展望。     

冷却筛冷却效果再探

正冷却筛是冷却与筛分功能的综合体,是复肥生产过程中冷却与筛分两个工序合二为一。简化工序的目的有以下几层意思:首先,简化程序,缩短工艺过程时间,当然在管理方面也同样简化了许多;其次,减少了平台,在同一平台解决了两个工序,无疑降低了能量消耗与浪费。为了达到上述目的,只是简单地把两个工序合拼在一起是不够的,还必须在以下几个方面做出相应的改进才可以。1     

胶片冷却装置的发展

概述胶片冷却装置的发展沿革,工作原理,几种型号胶片冷却装置的区别,新研制的胶片冷却装置的性能与优点。     

提高冷却筛冷却效果初探

<正>前不久,某机械公司应邀为四川一家肥料企业设在新疆的分公司试制了2台冷却筛。第一台冷却筛(以下简称初试冷却筛)运到现场经初试运行,效果不甚理想,冷却筛筛分后的物料温度仍然在65℃左右,温度降不下来。为什么呢?以下结合冷却筛分设备的现状对初试冷却筛冷却效果进行分析探讨。1冷却筛分设备现状用于化肥行业物料分级的设备基本有十余类,如回转筛、滚筒筛、振动筛、摇筛等。与筛分设备结合的冷却设备一般为回转冷却     

循环冷却水处理

循环水系统中所遇到的腐蚀、结垢、生物污垢这几个问题,采用水处理技术是能够解决的。也只有采用冷却水处理技术,冷却水循环后的技术经济效益才能充分发挥。所谓冷却水处理技术,是指针对循环水系统的水质、设备材质、工况条件选择缓蚀剂、阻垢剂、分散剂、杀生剂正确匹配组成水处理配方。提出工艺控制条件、提供相应的清洗、预膜方案等。把这一全过程称为冷却水处理技术。进行循环冷却水的基础处理和正常运行处理,这是冷却水处理技术的主要内容。     

循环冷却水处理

循环水系统中所遇到的腐蚀、结垢、生物污垢这几个问题,采用水处理技术是能够解决的。也只有采用冷却水处理技术,冷却水循环后的技术经济效益才能充分发挥。所谓冷却水处理技术,是指针对循环水系统的水质、设备材质、工况条件选择缓蚀剂、阻垢剂、分散剂、杀生剂正确匹配组成水处理配方。提出工艺控制条件、提供相应的清洗、预膜方案等。把这一全过程称为冷却水处理技术。进行循环冷却水的基础处理和正常运行处理,这是冷却水处理技术的主要内容。     

颗粒肥料冷却设备的选型

在颗粒肥料生产中,产品的冷却是直接影响产品包装及成品质量的重要过程之一.介绍了转鼓冷却器、流化床冷却器、波面冷却器等几种适合于颗粒肥料冷却的设备,并对它们的工作原理和性能特点作了简单介绍和评述,供用户在设备选型时参考.     

基于模糊综合评判的冷却装置选型设计

根据模糊综合评判原理,建立了冷却装置选型模型.针对目前内燃机车上应用的几种冷却装置进行了模糊综合评判,结果表明,双流道装置具有较好的综合性能.     

MEMS的微冷却技术及喷雾冷却过程强化

本文对微机电系统（MEMS）的微通道冷却、微射流冲击冷却、微喷雾冷却、微热管冷却及半导体冷却技术的研究现状进行综述,并探讨了喷雾冷却的影响因素、传热机制及过程强化问题。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.