聚丙烯酰胺/聚氨酯水凝胶的制备及其对Pb~(2+)吸附的研究

以聚丙烯酰胺(PAM),聚氨酯(PU)为制备凝胶的基本单元,通过在室温下将线性PAM溶解和分散在水中,添加PU组分,制备出一种合成简便的聚丙烯酰胺/聚氨酯(PAM/PU)水凝胶,并研究了其对Pb~(2+)的吸附性能,探索了吸附的最佳组分,结果表明凝胶在15%(wt)PAM,40 g/L PU吸附效果最好,PAM分子量对凝胶的吸附性能影响较小。     

PVA水凝胶的制备及在生物医学工程中的应用

聚乙烯醇水凝胶在生物医学工程领域的用途非常广泛。本文就PVA水凝胶的制备、改性及其在生物医学工程中的应用进行综述,简述了PVA水凝胶的溶胀和收缩机理,同时对其发展方向进行了展望。     

负载白芨多糖的PU/PAM双网络水凝胶的制备与性能

采用聚乙二醇、Ymer N120、聚丙二醇和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯为原料,以三乙醇胺作交联剂合成聚氨酯(PU)预聚物,浸入白芨多糖(BSP)和丙烯酰胺(AM)混合溶液,通过自由基聚合制备了负载BSP的PU/PAM双网络水凝胶.采用FTIR、SEM对水凝胶的结构和形貌进行了表征,通过拉力试验机和生物实验对其力学性能和生物性能进行了测试.结果表明,当三乙醇胺用量为多元醇物质的量的60％时,双网络水凝胶具有高溶胀率(256％)的同时保持一定的拉伸强度(1.9 MPa)和高压缩强度(22.7 MPa).双网络水凝胶具有抗菌抗氧化作用,其中,双网络水凝胶对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌带宽度分别为0.5～4.0和0.5～3.5 mm,羟基自由基清除率最高为28％;溶血率低于5％,细胞存活率最高达101.3％±3.6％,表明双网络水凝胶具有良好的生物相容性.     

组织工程用水凝胶制备方法研究进展

高分子水凝胶作为-类重要的生物材料被广泛应用于生物医药和组织工程领域.本文综述了基于化学交联和物理交联的有关组织工程用水凝胶的设计方法,重点介绍了通过自由基共聚、结构互补基团间的化学反应、高能辐射和酶交联的化学交联型水凝胶以及通过离子间的相互作用,结晶作用、氢键及疏水性相互作用形成的物理交联型水凝胶的研究进展,对比了各种交联机制的优缺点,并对水凝胶在组织工程领域中的进-步应用进行了展望.     

互穿网络敏感型聚氨酯水凝胶的合成与研究

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）、聚氧化丙烯二醇（PPG-220）、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）、蓖麻油（C0）等为主要原料,合成交联型水性聚氨酯乳液,在此乳液中加入丙烯酰胺、引发剂（KPS）,交联剂（BMA）进行自由基聚合,制备具有IPN结构的聚氨酯-聚丙烯酰胺（PU—PAAm）水凝胶。研究了（PU—PAAm）水凝胶溶胀率（SR）受pH值、温度（T）、交联剂用量等因素的影响。     

医用水凝胶的制备和应用研究进展

综述了均聚物水凝胶、共聚物水凝胶、半互穿网络结构水凝胶、互穿网络结构水凝胶等4种医用水凝胶制备方法的研究进展,对医用水凝胶在医学领域中的应用研究状况,例如作为伤口修复功能材料、药物缓释载体、组织工程支架、口腔应用材料等进行了介绍,为开发新型医用水凝胶类产品和转化应用提供参考。水凝胶在医学领域具有广阔的应用前景,对新型医用水凝胶的发展进行了展望,针对目前医用水凝胶存在的不足,提出了未来可进一步研究的方向。     

可注射水凝胶在组织工程中应用进展

组织工程采用可注射原位形成水凝胶,与预成型支架相比具有特定的优势：能填充任意形状的缺损,并在很大程度上降低植入对机体组织的侵入性,且能与各种治疗药物混合。本文介绍了可注射凝胶形成过程及几种水凝胶系统．并以实例说明可注射水凝胶在组织工程中的应用。     

物理表面包覆MDA及聚氨酯弹性体的制备和性能研究

粒状4,4'-二氨基二苯甲烷(MDA)与水按质量比为1∶1制得糊状MDA,再以不同比例的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)采用包浆法对MDA颗粒表面进行包覆,制备出了4种物理钝化改性的扩链剂。按扩链系数0. 8分别对用聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMG2000)和2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯(2,4-TDI)制备的预聚体进行扩链,制备了4种聚氨酯(PU)弹性体,并对扩链反应凝胶时间和PU弹性体的性能进行了研究。结果表明,钝化后的MDA为扩链剂制备的PU弹性体凝胶时间比钝化前的有大幅度延长,在MDA与PVP质量比为20∶(1～2. 5)范围,凝胶时间随PVP用量的增加而延长,25℃时凝胶时间均能延长到60 min以上,改善了制备浇注型PU弹性体的可操作性,解决了扩链剂MDA与PU预聚体相容性差等问题。当MDA与PVP质量比为20∶1. 5时,PU弹性体的力学性能最佳。     

2012年中国聚氨酯研究与应用论文题录(五)

无溶剂型双组分EP改性PU胶粘剂的研制/韩建祥,胡孝勇,袁晓玲,等(广西工学院生物与化学工程系,江门亿源生化工程有限公司)∥中国胶粘剂.-2012,21(2):9-12丝素蛋白/聚氨酯水凝胶的制备及其释药性能/卢敏,张海龙,杨伟平,等(安徽大学化学化工学院安徽省绿色高分子     

双网络水凝胶的研究进展

双网络水凝胶在保持高吸水性等性能的基础上改善了传统水凝胶机械性能差、不稳定等缺点。重点介绍了双网络水凝胶及其在组织工程、伤口敷料、离子吸附、农林业等方面的应用。当在组织工程、导电和伤口敷料等医学领域应用时,水凝胶的生物相容性及力学性能成为研究重点;当应用在林业和吸附染料、离子方面时,水凝胶的溶胀性能较为重要。     

Viscoelastic behaviour of self‐assembling polyurethane and poly(vinyl alcohol)

The rheological behaviour of polyurethane (PU) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was investigated in aqueous solution and the hydrogel state. The dependence of viscosity on polymer concentration is discussed. The formation of supramolecular structures induced by temperature increase or shear conditions was evidenced. In PU solutions, as temperature increases, a self‐assembling process occurs due to hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions determining a thermoreversible hydrogel formation. In creep and recovery tests, the weak PU network presents high elasticity only at low shear stress (below 10 Pa); it recovers only 15%–20% of strain above 40 Pa and the hydrogel structure fails at high shear stress (above 150 Pa). Also, PU hydrogel is not able to recover its structure after being submitted to successive low and high deformations. In PVA solutions, a shear induced aggregation was observed at 37 °C. PVA hydrogels obtained by the freezing–thawing method present high elasticity and stability due to the strong polymer–polymer interactions established between the polymer chains. Physical networks based on PU/PVA mixtures synergistically combine the characteristics of the two polymers, showing high elasticity when a shear stress up to 3000 Pa is applied during the creep test followed by a fast recovery of the hydrogel structure after exhibiting successive levels of deformation (self‐healing ability). Therefore, these hydrogels are suitable materials for tissue engineering applications. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry     

温度、pH及离子强度敏感性聚氨酯水凝胶的合成与性能研究

以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)及三乙撑四胺(TEFA)等为原料,合成了温度、pH、及离子强度敏感性聚氨酯水凝胶(PUHG)。研究了PUHG溶胀率(SR)受温度(T)、pH、离子强度(I)、交联剂用量等因素的影响。结果表明PUHG的溶胀率在20~45℃的范围内随温度的升高而减小,45℃后不再变化;在酸性(pH4)溶液中收缩,在碱性(pH9)溶液中溶胀,表现出良好的pH值敏感性;在一定温度和pH下,随着离子强度的增加PUHG的溶胀率减小。水凝胶溶胀动力学研究表明,PUHG具有良好的溶胀-退胀可逆性。     

Antiswelling and robust supramolecular polyurea hydrogels induced by the synergy of hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction for constructing durable underwater anti-oil-fouling coatings

Hydrogels are attractive materials for constructing underwater antifouling coatings on solid substrates. However, the application of hydrogel coatings usually faces the obstacles of complex preparation process and poor durability. Herein, we present a facile method to prepare durable hydrogel coatings on metal foils based on rationally designed supramolecular polyurea (PU) hydrogels. PU hydrogels are designed to be cross-linked with hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) and hydrophobic interactions in the hard segment domains by using dihydrazides with different alkyl spacer lengths ( (CH₂)_m ) as chain extender. The synergy of H-bond and hydrophobic interaction can stabilize H-bonds in water, as confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. As a result, PU hydrogels exhibit antiswelling capacity and robustness in both deionized water and seawater. Subsequently, PU hydrogel coatings on Cu/Al foils are prepared by convenient brush coating and subsequent swelling. The resulting hydrogel coatings exhibit excellent underwater anti-oil-adhesion and self-cleaning property, and are durable enough to withstand various static and dynamic damaging tests. The good durability of PU hydrogel coatings should be ascribed to the robust adhesion interface and excellent antiswelling capacity of PU hydrogels. The combination of facile preparation and good durability makes PU hydrogel coatings promising candidates for reliable underwater antifouling.     

聚氨酯水凝胶在生物医学中的应用

综述了近年来聚氨酯水凝胶在生物医学工程中药物控释、创伤敷料、接触眼镜以及外科植入器械等领域的研究及发展情况,最后展望了聚氨酯水凝胶在生物医学中应用的发展趋势和方向。     

Bioinspired Tunable Sacrificial Bonds Endowing Tetra‐PEG Based PU Hydrogel with Tunable Mechanical Properties,Shape‐Memory,and Self‐Healing Functions

Development of hydrogels with excellent and tunable mechanical properties combining with multifunctions is an intriguing issue in material science and engineering. Herein, bioinspired tunable sacrificial bonds are introduced into the tetra‐poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) based polyurethane (PU) (TP) network to afford a hydrogel with tunable mechanical properties, shape‐memory, and self‐healing functions. The mussel‐inspired compound of Lysine‐dopamine (LDA) is introduced into the network of TP hydrogel through polyurethane/polyurea chemistry to form LDA‐tetra‐PEG‐PU (LTP) hydrogel. As catechol groups in LDAs can intermolecularly interact with each other and can also coordinate with ferric ions with different coordination ratios, these physical interactions with different strengths in the afforded LTP hydrogel construct kinds of sequentially tuned sacrificial bonds. As a result, these sacrificial bonds preferentially rupture prior to the covalent network upon external loading, which dissipate the energy and endow the hydrogel with advanced and postadjustable mechanical properties. This mechanism is investigated in detail. Furthermore, the LTP hydrogel shows multifunctions such as shape‐memory and self‐healing abilities. In addition, the tetra‐PEG based hydrogel shows remarkable thermoresponsiveness that the hydrogel distinctly contracts with the increase of the temperature. The improved mechanical strength and multifunctions should enlarge the application areas of the tetra‐PEG based hydrogel in various fields.     

聚氨酯水凝胶的设计及在生物医学中的应用

介绍了聚氨酯水凝胶的配方设计和合成方法,综述了近年来聚氨酯水凝胶在医学工程方面的研究及发展情况,并对聚氨酯水凝胶在生物医学中应用的发展趋势和方向作了展望。     

聚氨酯的静电纺丝

简述了聚氨酯(PU)的特性;分析了PU静电纺丝的可纺性影响因素;论述了静电纺丝PU纤维的特性及应用领域。指出PU具有较好的可纺性,PU纤维具有优异的力学性能,应用前景广阔。建议PU静电纺丝应从静电纺丝工艺参数、利用静电纺丝制备组织工程支架、纤维抗菌功能改性等方面进行更深入的研究。     

Blood compatibility and physicochemical assessment of novel nanocomposite comprising polyurethane and dietary carotino oil for cardiac tissue engineering applications

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were estimated to claim 17 million lives each year. Among these, coronary heart disease almost accounts 50% deaths associated with CVD, which causes the blockage of the coronary arteries that supplies blood to the heart. Nowadays, the cardiac tissue engineering have become a promising solution to overcome the drawbacks associated with current therapies. Further, the scaffold used in cardiac tissue engineering must possess thromboresistant and anticoagulant nature to serve as a plausible candidate for cardiovascular applications. In this present investigation, a novel nanocomposite based on polyurethane (PU) and carotino oil was fabricated using electrospinning. Scanning electron microscopy images indicated that the nanocomposites have smaller fiber diameter (702 ± 130 nm) compared to the pristine PU (969 ± 217 nm). The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed the interaction between the carotino oil and PU by the formation of hydrogen bond and shifting of CH peak. The contact angle of electrospun PU/carotino oil was found to be 119°, which was increased compared to pristine PU (86°) indicating the hydrophobic nature of developed nanocomposites. Moreover, the surface roughness and thermal stability were found to be enhanced due to the presence of carotino oil in the PU matrix indicated in atomic force microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The enhanced surface roughness of nanocomposites resulted in delayed activation of the blood clot as revealed in activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time assay. Moreover, the hemolytic index of fabricated nanocomposites was found to very low of about 1.33% compared to pristine PU (2.73%), suggesting non‐hemolytic nature and also better blood compatibility. So, the developed PU/carotino nanocomposites having desirable characteristics like better physicochemical and blood compatibility may render appropriate potentials for raw materials of cardiac tissue engineering. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 45691.