减振器调校方法的研究

减振器调校在悬架调校中至关重要,不仅直接影响车辆的平顺性,而且影响车辆的操纵稳定性。针对减振器调校方法的研究,首先研究了减振器的工作原理和工作特性,然后分析了减振器调校的目的和评价指标,最后研究了减振器内特性的调校方法,并且给出了减振器调校意见,对减振器的调校具有指导意义。     

某4×4轻型轮式越野车平顺性多工况脉输入试验研究

对国内外车辆平顺性试验评价方法进行了回顾分析,指出了当前我国越野汽车平顺性脉输入试验存在的问题。针对某轻型4×4轮式越野汽车,开展以机动性为评价目标的平顺性脉输入试验,给出了越野车辆平顺性多工况脉输入试验的基本方法。对试验曲线进行拟合,得到了车辆通过不同凸块高度的加速响应变化规律。在此基础上,以人体承受的加速度24.5 m/s~2为限值,得到了车辆通过不同凸块高度允许的最高车速。所取得的试验数据和分析结果为越野车辆平顺性评价提供了重要依据。     

基于近似模型的车辆操纵稳定性及平顺性的优化研究

简述了基于近似模型的车辆操纵稳定性及平顺性的优化设计方法.利用多体动力学软件ADAMS/Car建立了某轿车整车多体动力学模型,并确定了车辆操纵稳定性及平顺性的评价目标.以悬架弹簧刚度、减振器阻尼特性和横向稳定杆刚度为设计变量,利用近似优化数学模型对该轿车进行了操纵稳定性和行驶平顺性的多目标优化计算.结果表明,近似模型技术对于汽车性能的平衡优化是一种十分有效的方法.     

高机动性车辆越野平顺性分析方法研究

针对具有独立悬架的8×8重型车辆,建立了多轴车辆的平顺性模型,提出了车辆通过随机路面和半圆障碍时动力学响应的分析和评价方法.探讨了越野平顺性与机动性的关系,并结合某具体车型研究了车辆结构参数对整车越野平顺性及机动性的影响.     

汽车悬架减振器调校系统研究综述

减振器作为悬架系统的主要部件,在悬架系统中发挥着重要的作用。减振器在设计匹配后需完成调校,以使汽车达到最优的平顺性和操纵稳定性。文章首先介绍了前人关于减振器调校方面的研究,然后从台架调校和实车调校两个方面研究了减振器的调校方法,通过改变减振器阻尼力的角度分析了减振器调校的关键技术,最后提出建立减振器调校系统的建议,为以后减振器调校方面的研究提供了参考。     

载货汽车随机输入行驶平顺性研究

货运是国民经济的动脉系统,它联结社会生产各个部分使之成为一个有机整体。在长途运输过程中,载货汽车平顺性对驾驶的舒适性和安全性有直接影响。文章结合GB/T 4970-2009和ISO 2631-1997对车辆平顺性的试验和评价方法,通过载货汽车随机输入行驶试验,分析了载荷状态和车速对车辆平顺性的影响。结果表明,车辆满载状态较空载状态行驶平顺性好,车速较低时车辆行驶平顺性变化不大,车速较高时平顺性大幅降低。此外,文章提出去除容易受坐姿影响的座椅靠背振动参数,在GB/T 4970的基础上,参照ISO 2631对坐垫处水平方向轴加权系数进行修正,对载货汽车平顺性试验和评价有指导意义。     

新能源商用车平顺性计算平台开发

车辆平顺性是决定车辆底盘性能的重要性能指标之一,文章建立了七自由度车辆模型和路面激励模型,并以MATLAB为工具开发了车辆平顺性设计计算界面平台。以某型纯电动轻卡研发为例,运用该计算平台完成车辆平顺性指标优化设计,计算结果与实车试验数据对比,进一步验证了各模型和计算方法的有效性。该计算平台可为车辆底盘性能开发提供支持。     

车辆平顺性改善试验研究

通过对某车型平顺性的全面试验分析,测试不同状态下车辆的平顺性数据,更换驾驶室悬架类型,对三种状态下车辆的平顺性进行了对比测试,最终选择了一组最优的驾驶室悬架类型。     

车辆操纵稳定性及平顺性的协同优化研究

利用车辆多体动力学模型与多目标优化工具,对悬架弹簧、减振器及横向稳定杆特性进行操纵稳定性与行驶平顺性的协同优化仿真.结果表明汽车的操稳性和行驶平顺性的各项性能指标均得到了改善.     

松软路面突变性对车辆垂向振动的影响

为了在越野行驶车辆平顺性仿真系统中实时动态反映车辆的振动特性,提出了基于小波变换的松软越野路面突变性描述方法并分析突变性对车辆垂向振动的影响。通过小波变换对路面奇异点进行测定和定位,把越野车辆平顺性仿真系统看作是在有限时间内受到随机载荷激励的动力系统,分析其受路面突变载荷的车辆的垂直振动响应方差。结果表明,小波变换能较准确地判定路面奇异点并对其定位,可为越野车辆平顺性虚拟测试系统提供路面随机输入。     

基于ADAMS／Car低端SUV高速行驶的平顺性仿真分析

针对目前围内市场上的低端SUV存在最高车速较低、高速行驶舒适性不够的问题,本文从理论上分析了行驶速度埘汽午甲顺性的影响,用ADAMS／Car建立了某低端SUV的多刚体动力学模型,并按照半顺性试验标准进行了仿真。经试验证明仿真结果与实验结果吻合,验证了模型的正确。然后,完成了低端SUV不同高速下的平顺性仿真,得出仿真结果与理论分析相一致。最后根据分析结果对模型的优化提出合理建议,为低端SUV高速稳定舒适性研究提供相关参考。     

汽车动态舒适性的CAE分析技术及应用

基于某新型轿车的整车多体系统动力学仿真分析模型,按照有关标准和规范,建立了相应的数字化路面,分别进行了脉冲路面输入和随机路面输入下汽车动态舒适性虚拟试验,通过对仿真计算结果与试验结果的比较,分析探讨了汽车动态舒适性仿真分析精度的一些主要影响因素。进一步采用正交试验优化设计方法以轿车为例分析了动力总成悬置隔振元件刚度对轿车怠速工况动态舒适性的影响,进行了汽车动态舒适性的优化分析。总结并探讨了系统的基于CAE分析技术的汽车动态舒适性仿真分析与应用方法。     

基于正交试验的虚拟样车平顺性分析及参数选择

利用多体力学理论,在机械系统动力学分析软件ADAMS中建立了某车的整车多体力学模型。将虚拟样车在三维空间道路上进行平顺性仿真试验,通过正交试验方法研究了前、后悬架弹簧刚度及相关主要衬套等性能参数对汽车行驶平顺性的影响,并根据正交试验的结果优选了相应的设计参数。     

基于ADAMS/CAR二次开发模块研究汽车平顺性

以ADAMS／CAR二次开发模块为平台，建立了国产某小型客车虚拟样机的多体系统动力学仿真模型。按照国家有关整车平顺性的试验评价方法和标准，进行了整车平顺性脉冲输入和随机输入行驶仿真试验分析。对比实车测试结果，主要评价指标加权振级的最大仿真误差小于5％，即仿真结果具有较高的可信度，说明在车辆设计阶段，利用此二次开发模块可对其平顺性进行有效的分析和评估。     

载货汽车驾驶室乘坐舒适性研究

通过计算机仿真模拟了在路面随机输入下驾驶室底板的振动响应;利用Nastran软件对车身的有限元模型进行模态抽取,建立了刚弹耦合模型;对多刚体模型、刚弹耦合振动模型的计算结果与试验进行了对比,验证了模型的正确性;以驾驶室悬置的弹簧刚度、减振器阻尼为影响因素,通过虚拟DOE正交试验分析,显著改善了驾驶室的乘坐舒适性。     

Virtual Development of Ride and Handling Characteristics for Advanced Passenger Cars

Summary Advanced requirements for quality and functions, reduced development time, and increasing international competition motivate fundamental changes of the development processes. This puts much attention on the potentials of numerical simulation, i.e. experiments on the virtual product, while experiments on real prototypes will always remain an important part of the development process, for example to fulfill legal requirements, to achieve parameters for the simulation work, and to validate intermediate results and of course the final tuning. One step towards the virtual development of ride and handling characteristics of passenger cars is to achieve accuracy of simulation results which can be compared to what can be achieved with carefully selected experiments. This paper will present the state-of-the-art of current simulation technologies, their already available potentials and some remarks on current limitations. With this type of advanced simulation technologies, engineers are enabled to develop complex mechatronic chassis systems like active suspensions or stability control systems in relatively short periods of time to a high degree of maturity. A second use of these virtual prototypes is for extensive parameter studies or even optimizations, which will also give more insight in the complex nonlinear interactions of the chassis systems. This can even yield to a complete change of development processes from an analytical incremental setup to more target driven work.     

Virtual Development of Ride and Handling Characteristics for Advanced Passenger Cars

Summary Advanced requirements for quality and functions, reduced development time, and increasing international competition motivate fundamental changes of the development processes. This puts much attention on the potentials of numerical simulation, i.e. experiments on the virtual product, while experiments on real prototypes will always remain an important part of the development process, for example to fulfill legal requirements, to achieve parameters for the simulation work, and to validate intermediate results and of course the final tuning. One step towards the virtual development of ride and handling characteristics of passenger cars is to achieve accuracy of simulation results which can be compared to what can be achieved with carefully selected experiments. This paper will present the state-of-the-art of current simulation technologies, their already available potentials and some remarks on current limitations. With this type of advanced simulation technologies, engineers are enabled to develop complex mechatronic chassis systems like active suspensions or stability control systems in relatively short periods of time to a high degree of maturity. A second use of these virtual prototypes is for extensive parameter studies or even optimizations, which will also give more insight in the complex nonlinear interactions of the chassis systems. This can even yield to a complete change of development processes from an analytical incremental setup to more target driven work.     

A NARX damper model for virtual tuning of automotive suspension systems with high-frequency loading

A computationally efficient NARX-type neural network model is developed to characterise highly nonlinear frequency-dependent thermally sensitive hydraulic dampers for use in the virtual tuning of passive suspension systems with high-frequency loading. Three input variables are chosen to account for high-frequency kinematics and temperature variations arising from continuous vehicle operation over non-smooth surfaces such as stone-covered streets, rough or off-road conditions. Two additional input variables are chosen to represent tuneable valve parameters. To assist in the development of the NARX model, a highly accurate but computationally excessive physical damper model [originally proposed by S. Duym and K. Reybrouck, Physical characterization of non-linear shock absorber dynamics, Eur. J. Mech. Eng. M 43(4) (1998), pp. 181–188] is extended to allow for high-frequency input kinematics. Experimental verification of this extended version uses measured damper data obtained from an industrial damper test machine under near-isothermal conditions for fixed valve settings, with input kinematics corresponding to harmonic and random road profiles. The extended model is then used only for simulating data for training and testing the NARX model with specified temperature profiles and different valve parameters, both in isolation and within quarter-car vehicle simulations. A heat generation and dissipation model is also developed and experimentally verified for use within the simulations. Virtual tuning using the quarter-car simulation model then exploits the NARX damper to achieve a compromise between ride and handling under transient thermal conditions with harmonic and random road profiles. For quarter-car simulations, the paper shows that a single tuneable NARX damper makes virtual tuning computationally very attractive.     

基于ADAMS／Car Ride车辆平顺性仿真研究

以虚拟样机技术进行车辆平顺性仿真研究．建立了基于ADAMS／Car Ride的多体动理学模型，通过虚拟四柱试验台对模型进行仿真试验。仿真结果表明，ADAMS／Car Ride可方便地进行路面功率谱密度响应仿真试验，所建立的包含虚拟四柱试验台的整车模型可深入进行车辆平顺性研究。