普鲁托品对大鼠血压的影响

目的　观察比较普鲁托品对实验性高血压大鼠模型和正常大鼠血压的影响 ,评价其可利用性。方法　采用肾动脉双肾双夹 (2K2C)法制作大鼠肾血管性高血压模型 ,分别对高血压和正常大鼠静脉及口服给药 ,观察大鼠血压和心率的变化。并观察Pro对大鼠胸主动脉条的舒张作用。结果　普鲁托品 1mg·kg 1及 2mg·kg 1静注 ,均可使肾性高血压大鼠的收缩压 (SAP)和舒张压 (DAP)明显下降 ,且随剂量的增加而增加。在正常血压大鼠 ,普鲁托品 1mg·kg 1静脉注射 ,大鼠血压和心率未见明显变化 ,但剂量为 2mg·kg 1(静脉注射 )时可降低SAP和DAP。另一方面 ,普鲁托品 10、2 0、4 0mg·kg 1灌胃给药 ,连续观察 4h ,血压均未受明显影响。Pro 3× 10 5mol·L 1及 10 4mol·L 1均明显降低去甲肾上腺素 (NA)和高钾所致的动脉条收缩幅度。结论　普鲁托品静脉可通过舒张血管平滑肌 ,降低外周阻力来降低血压 ,具有作用温和、起效较快、持续时间较短、对高血压状态下的血压比正常血压影响更大的特点。在 10～ 4 0mg·kg 1的剂量范围内 ,口服给药对血压无明显影响。     

莫达芬尼酸在人体血浆中药动学研究

目的 :观察中国健康成年志愿者单次口服莫达芬尼片剂后 ,其代谢产物莫达芬尼酸血浆浓度 ,为Ⅱ期临床试验提供试验参数。方法 :9名受试者按拉丁方设计随机分组 ,分别依次单次口服 10 0mg、2 0 0mg、30 0mg 3个剂量的莫达芬尼片后 ,应用高效液相色谱法 (HPLC)测定各受试者血浆莫达芬尼酸浓度 ,采用 3P97软件计算药代动力学参数。结果 :10 0mg、2 0 0mg、30 0mg组莫达芬尼酸主要药代动力学参数分别为 :Cmax(1.78± 0 .79)mg·L 1、(3.17± 1.2 7)mg·L 1、(4 .13± 2 .32 )mg·L 1;Tmax1.8h、3.1h、2 .8h ;t1/2 β (2 .35± 1.97)h、(2 .4 5± 1.0 7)h、(1.95± 1.18)h ;AUC0 t(2 1.17± 16 .13)mg·h·L 1、(2 5 .74± 7.74 )mg·h·L 1、(4 1.38± 2 0 .72 )mg·h·L 1;CL (5 .79± 5 .19)L·h$C1、(7.80±3.4 2 )L·h$C 1、(7.95± 2 .97)L·h$C1;结论 :莫达芬尼酸药 时曲线符合二房室模型 ,高、中、低三个剂量的Cmax、AUC0 t随给药剂量加大而增加 ;t1/2 β、Tmax、CL与给药剂量无关     

三七多糖对创伤大鼠CD4^＋／CD8^＋和IL-2水平的影响（摘要）

观察三七多糖对创伤大鼠免疫功能的影响 .方法 :40只SD大鼠 ,随机分为正常对照组 (A)、创伤对照组(B)、创伤后三七多糖 2 8 5mg·kg-1 d-1治疗组 (C ) ,5 7mg·kg-1·d-1治疗组 (D)和 114mg·kg-1·d-1治疗组(E)共 5组 ;除正常对照组外 ,其它组均行双侧股骨离断术 ;共给药 5d ,第 6天早晨取标本 ,使用流式细胞仪测CD+ 4 细胞和CD+ 8细胞 ,用ELISA法测血清IL -2水平 .结果 :创伤后 ,CD+ 4 细胞明显减少 (P <0 0 1) ,CD+ 8细胞无明显改变 ,但CD+ 4 /CD+ 8明显降低 (P <0 0 1) ,血清IL -2浓度和淋巴细胞百分比下降不明显 (P>0 …     

注射用乳糖酸阿奇霉素血管刺激性和降压物质的实验研究

目的:观察乳酸糖阿奇霉素:(AZL)注射液对家兔耳缘静脉的刺激性,并检查其降压物质是否符合规定,为其临床应用提供实验依据。方法:兔耳缘静脉注射1.0mg.ml-1AZL,1次.d-1,连续3d。参照《中华药典》2000年版二部"降压物质检查法",结果:肉眼观察给药部位未见血管充血、出血、水肿、组织坏死等,组织病理检查未见明显变性、坏死,炎症等形态学改变;应用降压物质检查法结果符合规定。结论:在临床用药浓度1.0mg.ml-1静脉滴注AZL注射液对家兔耳缘静脉无刺激性反应;本实验条件下,AZL注射液降压物质检查符合规定。     

雷贝拉唑在健康志愿者体内的药动学及生物利用度研究

目的:研究健康志愿者单次口服和静脉输注雷贝拉唑20 mg后药动学特征及生物利用度?方法:20名男性健康志愿者,随机分成2组?第1周期分别接受单剂量静脉输注20 mg(输注时间30 min)和单次口服给药(2片,10 mg/片);经7 d清洗期后,2组志愿者接受交叉给药?结果:雷贝拉唑静脉给药后药动学参数如下:t1/2为(62.4 ± 10.7)min,Cmax为(1 308.6 ± 266.4) ng/ml,总清除率为(0.21 ± 0.05)L/min,AUC0-τ和AUC0-∞分别为(99.6 ± 21.9) mg·min/L和 (102.4 ± 23.3) mg·min/L?口服给药后t1/2为(64.2 ± 15.5)min,Cmax为(508.3 ± 180.2) ng/ml,Tmax为229.5 min,Cl为(0.31 ± 0.10)L/min,AUC0-τ和AUC0-∞ 分别为(69.5 ± 20.0) mg·min/L和 (70.6 ± 20.2) mg·min/L?结论:雷贝拉唑在健康志愿者体内的生物利用度为70.1%,雷贝拉唑口服给药的总清除率显著大于静脉给药时的总清除率(P < 0.01)?     

口服4-去甲氧柔红霉素治疗老年急性白血病的疗效及药代动力学观察

目的　评价口服 4 去甲氧柔红霉素 (IDA)治疗老年急性白血病的疗效并检测其体内药代动力学。方法　对 8例老年急性白血病 ,口服IDA 2 0mg·m-2 ·d-1连用 3d ,VP1680mg·m-2 ·d-1连用 5d ,同时用HPLC检测患者血浆、单个核细胞和尿液中IDA的浓度。结果　 8例患者 ,5例达完全缓解。口服IDA后 ,药物在血浆中达到高峰浓度时间为 2 .34h ,平均浓度为 (4 .833± 2 .0 5 2 )ng/ml;t1/ 2 α和t1/ 2 β平均分别为 1/6 6 5和 7.948h ;AUC平均为 (4 0 .49± 16 .74)ng·ml-1·h-1;细胞内的浓度约为血浆浓度的 3倍 ,并与疗效有关。结论　口服IDA和VP16作为老年急性白血病第一线用药是安全有效的     

不同维持给药方式对阿曲库铵作用时效的影响

目的　观察不同的阿曲库铵维持给药方式对其作用时效的影响。方法　将 30例上腹部手术病人随机分为三组 ,三组病人均按常规方式诱导插管 ,然后将等量的阿曲库铵按三种不同的方式静脉给药 ,A组 :单次静脉注入所需阿曲库铵量 ( 0 .4mg/kg) ;B组 :先单次静脉注入一初始量 ( 0 .2mg/kg) ,待T1到 2 %～ 5 %时再重复给药一次 ( 0 .2mg/kg) ;C组 :将所需药量用微量泵持续静脉泵入 ,先用 0 .4mg/ (kg·h) ,待T1=0时 ,改为 0 .2mg/ (kg·h)。观察三组病人的肌松参数 ,同时监测生命征。结果　A组和B组二种方式对阿曲库铵作用时效相近 ,C组阿曲库铵作用时效与A、B组相比明显延长。结论　用微量泵持续静脉泵入阿曲库铵优于单次静脉给药。     

速尿对整体大鼠肾11β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶活性的影响

目的　研究速尿对整体大鼠肾 11β -羟基类固醇脱氢酶活性的影响 ,探讨速尿引起低血钾可能的新生化机制。方法　大鼠给予速尿单次和多次 (bid× 2 0d)灌胃 ,HPLC法测定大鼠尿中脱氢皮质酮 (A)与皮质酮 (B)的比值。全自动生化分析仪测定给药后血K+ 、Na+ 、Cl-浓度。结果　速尿 (40、10 0、2 5 0mg·kg-1)单次和 (10、2 0、10 0mg·kg-1)多次给药后 ,尿中A/B比值分别下降了 2 9.0 %、5 8.6 %、6 0 .9%和 14 .4 %、36 .0 %、4 4 .9%。速尿 (2 0、10 0mg·kg-1)连续给药 2 0d ,血钾较对照组显著降低 (P <0 .0 1) ,血钾降低与A/B的降低呈正相关 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　速尿在体给药可抑制肾 11β-HSD活性。此抑制作用可能是速尿引起低血钾的一个新的生化机制     

HPLC法测定人唾液中卡马西平浓度及其药代动力学

目的 :利用HPLC法测定人唾液中卡马西平浓度 ,并观察其药代动力学特征 .方法 :采用Shim packCLC ODSC1 8色谱分析柱 (1 5 0mm× 6mm ,5 μm) ,以甲醇 水 (5 3∶4 7)为流动相 ,流速为 1 .0mL·min-1 ,检测波长为 2 1 2nm ,柱温为室温 ,进样量 5 0 μL .根据唾液药物浓度求算 6名健康受试者单剂量口服卡马西平片剂的药代动力学参数 .结果 :本测定方法线形范围为 0 .4 0～ 4 .32mg·L-1 ,相关系数r =0 .999,最低检出浓度为 30 μg·L-1 (按S/N≥ 3计 ) ,方法平均回收率为99.1 7% - 1 0 4 . 80 % ;日内RSD、日间RSD分别在2 .6 % - 4 .9%和 3.0 % - 8.6 % .药动学参数表明 ,卡马西平人体内过程符合单室开放模型 ,Tmax,Cmax,ke,T1 / 2 ,AUC(0～inf) 分别为 (4 .5 0± 3.1 5 )h ,(1 .5 2± 0 .2 2 )mg·L-1 ,(0 .0 0 90± 0 .0 0 0 6 )h-1 ,(77.1 6± 5 .2 6 )h ,(1 32 .1 8± 8.82 )mg·h·L-1 .单次给药后 ,CBZ唾液浓度 时间曲线出现多峰现象 .结论 :该法简便、快速、专一性强 ,适用于卡马西平唾液药物浓度测定及药代动力学研究之用     

苯妥英锌对小鼠大鼠和家兔的毒性

目的本文对苯妥英锌 (PZ)的急性毒性、刺激性、亚急性毒性、蓄积毒性以及大鼠长期服用后体内锌 (Zn)、铜 (Cu)浓度的变化进行研究。方法PZ小鼠灌胃计算LD50 ;兔眼结膜法考察PZ溶液的刺激性 ;大鼠长期分别服用PZ或苯妥英钠 (PS) 2 5周 (剂量分别为 :6 0mg·kg-1·d-1和 2 0mg·kg-1·d-1) ,尾静脉取血 ,测定血清中血红蛋白量 (Hb)、血小板数 (PT)、白细胞总数(WBC)和血清谷丙转氨酶活力 (SGPT) ;用高效液相色谱法监测血中苯妥英 (PHT)浓度 ;服药结束后大鼠断头处死 ,立即取出心脏、肝脏、肾脏和全脑 ,称重 ,计算脏器重量指数 (VWP) ,光镜下对心脏、肝脏、肾脏利全脑进行组织学检查 ,并用原子吸收分光光度法测定血清、肝脏、海马和小脑中Zn和Cu的浓度。结果PZ小鼠灌胃后的LD50 为 14 1.2± 10 .5mg·kg-1,与PS相近 ;PZ溶液的刺激性比PS小 ;大鼠长期服药后 ,仅PS高剂量组使Hb量和PT数明显下降 ,药物对WBC总数和SGPT活力无影响 ;服药期间两药血清中PHT的浓度与剂量成正比 ,低剂量时为 2 3.0 2± 10 .7μmol·L-1,高剂量时为 6 9.4 4± 12 .7μmol·L-1;PZ组全脑的VWP比对照组偏高 ,而PS组比对照组偏低 ;光镜下可见细胞结构清楚 ,无明显组织学改变 ;PS组使肝脏Zn浓度降低了2 5 % ,血清和海马Zn浓度增高了 4 3     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.