Structural characteristics and properties of polyurethane modified TDE-85/MeTHPA epoxy resin with interpenetrating polymer networks

Diglycidyl-4,5-epoxycyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate（TDE-85）/methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride （MeTHPA） epoxy resin was modified with polyurethane（PU） and the interpenetrating polymer networks（IPNs） of PU-modified TDE-85/MeTHPA resin were prepared. The structural characteristics and properties of PU-modified TDE-85/MeTHPA resin were investigated by Fourier transform infrared（FTIR） spectrum,emission scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and thermogravimetry（TG）. The results indicate that epoxy polymer network （Ⅰ） and polyurethane polymer network （Ⅱ） of the modified resin can be obtained and the networks （Ⅰ） and （Ⅱ） interpenetrate and tangle highly each other at the phase interface. The micro morphology presents heterogeneous structure. The integrative properties of PU-modified TDE-85/MeTHPA epoxy resin are improved obviously. The PU-modified TDE-85/ MeTHPA resin’s tensile strength reaches 69.39 MPa,the impact strength reaches 23.56 kJ/m,the temperature for the system to lose 1% mass （t1%） is 300 ℃,and that for the system to lose 50% mass （t50%） is 378 ℃. Compared with those of TDE-85/MeTHPA resin,the tensile strength,impact strength,t1% and t50% of the PU-modified resin increases by 48%,115%,30 ℃,11 ℃,respectively. The PU-modified TDE-85/MeTHPA resin has the structure characteristics and properties of interpenetrating polymer networks.     

废弃磺酸树脂改性聚丙烯复合材料的制备及力学性能提升

使用废弃磺酸树脂作为添加剂,添加不同含量对聚丙烯材料进行改性,得到一系列磺酸树脂/聚丙烯复合材料.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段对改性前后的聚丙烯复合材料进行表征,通过万能材料试验机和摆锤式冲击试验机等研究了复合材料的力学性能.研究结果表明:磺酸树脂的添加对聚丙烯材料的力学性能具有一定的提升...     

Isocyanate-terminatcd Polyethers Toughened Epoxy Resin： Chemical Modification, Thermal Properties, and Mechanical Strength

The toughening of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy resin with isocyanateterminated polyethers （ITPE） was investigated. The progress of the reaction and the structural changes during modification process were studied using FTIR spectroscopy. The studies support the proposition that TDI （tolylene diisocyanate） acts as a coupling agent between the epoxy and polyethers, forming a urethane linkage with the former and the latter, respectively. Me THPA-cured ER/ITPs blends were characterized using dynamic mechanical analysis （DMA） and thermogravimetric analysis （TGA）. It is indicated the glass transition temperature （T） of systems was lower than the T of pure epoxy resin and overfull ITPE separated from the modified epoxy resin and formed another phase at an ITPE-content of more than 10wt%. The thermal stability was decreased by the introduction of ITPE. The impact strength and the flexural strength of the cured modifiedepoxy increased with increasing the ITPE content and a maximum plateau value of about 24.03 kJ/m^2 and 130.56 MPa was measured in 10wt% ITPE. From scanning electron microscopy （SEM） studies of the fractrue surfaces of ER/ITPE systems, the nature of the micromechanisms responsible for the increases in toughness of the systems was identified.     

Structural characteristics and properties of PU-modified TDE-85/MeTHPA epoxy resin

Diglycidyl-4,5-epoxycyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (TDE-85)/methyl tetrahydro-phthalic anhydride (MeTHPA) epoxy resin was modified by polyurethane(PU), and its structural characteristics and properties were studied by infrared spectrum analysis (IR), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), mechanics testing and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The results indicate that epoxy polymeric network I and polyurethane polymeric network II are formed in the PU-modified TDE-85/MeTHPA epoxy resin. Meanwhile the PU-modified TDE-85/MeTHPA resins have heterogeneous structure. The miscibility between epoxy (EP) and polyurethane (PU) as well as the phase size are dominantly determined by the mass fraction of polyurethane prepolymer (PUP) in the EP/PU blends. With the increase of PUP mass fraction, the tensile strength, impact strength and thermal stability of the PU-modified TDE-85/MeTHPA epoxy resin all firstly exhibit increasing tendency, and decrease after successively reaching their maxima. When the number-average molecular mass of PPG is 1 000 and the mass fraction of PUP is 15%, the tensile strength, impact strength and thermal stability of materials obtained, compared with TDE-85/MeTHPA epoxy resin, are improved obviously.     

四氢呋喃聚醚型聚氨酯预聚体增韧双酚A型氰酸酯树脂

以本体树脂双酚A型氰酸酯树脂(BCE)为扩链剂,改性四氢呋喃聚醚型聚氨酯预聚体(A)得到改性预聚体BA,用BA与BCE共聚共混以改善BCE树脂的韧性。确定了BCE/BA的固化工艺,考察了共聚共混体系静态力学性能、动态力学性能及热性能。结果表明,用BA与BCE树脂共聚共混,可有效提高氰酸酯树脂基体的韧性和强度。当BA用量为10份时,BCE/BA体系的冲击韧性比纯树脂提高了64%;当BA用量为20份时,增强增韧效果最佳,BCE/BA体系的冲击韧性可达14.5 kJ.m-2,比纯树脂提高了142%;弯曲强度为128 MPa,比纯树脂提高了23%。     

不饱和聚酯／聚氨酯共混改性研究——红外光谱动态跟踪共混树脂固化反应的研究

运用红外光谱动态跟踪了端羟基不饱和聚酯TDI共混树脂固化反应过程,研究表明固化过程中发生了端羟基不饱和聚酯树脂与异氰酸酯（TDI）的扩链交联反应。并借助红外光谱动态测试对固化体系作了优化选择。     

低粘度不饱和聚酯树脂的合成与改性研究

对低粘度端羧基不饱和聚酯树脂的配方与合成工艺进行了研究。并通过该树脂与异氰酸细化学工人混，得到了一种具有粘度低、活性高、力学强度好、并可常温常压成型的树脂体系。     

CHARACTERIZATION OF UP RESIN/GLASSFIBRE ADHERSIVE INTERFACE MICROSTRESS

A fibre-optic interface stress sensor was used to characterize the mechanical property of UP resin/ glass fibre adhersive interface. During the adhersion agent curing, the contract stress accompanies with dimension contracting, the thermal stress which is produced by the changes of environment temperature caused by curing heat and the procedure of interface stress transmitting were all traced and determined, the micro mechanical properties of UP resin/glass fibre adhersive interface are determined. Also, the longchain softness couple agent has effcet on decreasing the stress concentration of UP resin/glass fibre adhersive interface and enhance the interface adhersive strength is verified.     

SAPO-34 分子筛改性聚丙烯复合材料性能研究

不同添加量的 SAPO-34 分子筛作为添加剂, 对聚丙烯材料进行改性。通过挤出注塑制备出 SAPO-34 分子 筛聚丙烯复合材料。采用示差同步扫描热分析仪 (TG-DSC)、X 射线衍射仪 (XRD)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 等对改 性前后的聚丙烯复合材料的结构进行表征, 并通过万能材料试验机和摆锤式冲击试验机等研究了复合材料的力学性 能。研究结果表明: SAPO-34 分子筛的添加对聚丙烯材料的力学性能具有显著的提升作用, SAPO-34 分子筛添加量 在 5% 时可达到最大的拉伸与冲击强度, 最大拉伸强度可达 1 171 N, 相比纯聚丙烯材料提高了 14.5%; 最大冲击强 度可达 6.39 kJ/m², 提高了 47.2%。     

端异氰酸酯基聚醚接枝环氧树脂的性能研究

合成了端异氰酸酯基聚醚（ITPs）改性双酚A型环氧树脂，通过红外光谱（IR）、动态热机械分析（DMA）研究了ITPs和EP之间的化学反应及改性环氧树脂酸酐固化体系的热性能，并测试了固化体系的力学性能。结果表明：ITPs作为枝链接枝到环氧树脂上：随着加入ITPs质量分率增加，其固化体系的冲击强度和弯曲强度上升，当ITPs含量为10％时，两者达到最大值：动态热机械分析（DMA）结果表明改性环氧树脂固化体系的玻璃化转变温度（Tg）随ITPs的含量增大而降低：当ITPs质量分率大于15%时，过量的ITPs与改性环氧树脂会形成相分离。     

高韧性高流动性PP/POE复合材料的制备及其形态分析

用聚烯烃弹性体 (POE)代替传统的弹性体 ,对聚丙烯 (PP)增韧改性。探讨了基体树脂、POE和HDPE的用量对共混体系力学性能和流动性的影响。并通过扫描电镜观察冲击断面 ,研究共混物的形态结构与材料性能的关系。结果表明 ,POE能大幅度的改善材料的冲击韧性 ,HDPE具有协同增韧效应 ;制得的PP改性材料具有高韧性和高流动性 ,可用于制造汽车保险杠     

环氧树脂改性聚氨酯弹性体

利用环氧树脂(E-51)与聚氨酯预聚体NCO的反应,得到改性聚氨酯弹性体(PUE),并考察了PUE的物理性能。实验结果表明:E-51质量分数为5%时,PUE的邵尔A型硬度、拉伸强度、100%定伸应力和撕裂强度达到最小值,分别为86、15.9 MPa、2.5 MPa和32.1 N.mm-1,而扯断伸长率为457%;E-51提高了PUE的耐热性;E-51质量分数为5%时,PUE的耐溶剂性差,耐四氢呋喃最差,环己酮次之,乙酸乙酯最好。     

Isocyanate-terminated Polyethers Toughened Epoxy Resin:Chemical Modification,Thermal Properties,and Mechanical Strength

The toughening of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy resin with isocyanate-terminated polyethers(ITPE)was investigated.The progress of the reaction and the structural changes during modification process were studied using FTIR spectroscopy.The studies support the proposition that TDI(tolylene diisocyanate)acts as a coupling agent between the epoxy and polyethers,forming a urethane linkage with the former and the latter,respectively.Me THPA-cured ER/ITPs blends were characterized using dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA)and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA).It is indicated the glass transition temperature(T g )of systems was lower than the T g of pure epoxy resin and overfull ITPE separated from the modified epoxy resin and formed another phase at an ITPE-content of more than 10wt%.The thermal stability was decreased by the introduction of ITPE.The impact strength and the flexural strength of the cured modified-epoxy increased with increasing the ITPE content and a maximum plateau value of about 24.03 kJ/m2 and 130.56 MPa was measured in 10wt%ITPE.From scanning electron microscopy(SEM)studies of the fractrue surfaces of ER/ITPE systems,the nature of the micromechanisms responsible for the increases in toughness of the systems was identified.     

苎麻/聚碳酸亚丙酯复合材料力学性能的研究

采用苎麻纤维和聚碳酸亚丙酯制备了可降解复合材料。讨论了碱处理、苎麻纤维长度对苎麻／聚碳酸亚丙酯复合材料机械性能的影响，并借助扫描电子显微镜对复合材料的冲击断口形貌进行了观察。结果表明：苎麻经碱液处理后，苎麻／聚碳酸亚丙酯复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度有了明显提高，分别由23．90MPa、30．04kl／m^2增加到25．39MPa、36，40kl／m^2。     

丙烯酸在碳纤维表面的电聚合改性

为了提高碳纤维与树脂基体之间的粘结性能,采用循环伏安法,以丙烯酸为聚合单体对碳纤维进行了电聚合改性.利用傅里叶红外光谱仪和扫描电子显微镜研究了改性前后碳纤维表面的结构变化,并利用电脑伺服控制材料试验机对复合材料进行了力学性能测试.结果表明:当丙烯酸浓度为0.3 mol/L、循环次数为10次时,碳纤维的改性效果最佳;改性后的碳纤维在红外光谱的2 680 cm-1附近出现了—OH特征吸收峰;复合材料的层间剪切强度由10.50 MPa增加到了23.44 MPa,提高了123.21%;改性后碳纤维表面出现了圆片状丙烯酸聚合物层,且可与环氧树脂基体紧密结合.     

竹纤维碱化改性对竹纤维/聚丙烯复合材料性能的影响

用不同浓度的NaOH 溶液对竹纤维(bamboo fiber, BF) 进行表面改性处理, 一定温度烘干后, 通过熔融挤出 制备了竹纤维/聚丙烯(BF/PP) 竹塑复合材料。采用示差同步扫描热分析仪(TG-DSC)、红外光谱(FTIR)、X 射线衍 射仪(XRD) 和扫描电镜(SEM) 等对预处理前后BF 的结构进行表征, 并研究了复合材料的力学性能。结果表明: 改 性后BF 的热稳定性升高, 形成疏松的纤维束; 复合材料的力学性能显著提高。其中用3% 的NaOH 溶液改性BF 制 备的复合材料的力学性能最佳, 冲击强度较纯PP 可提高100%, 屈服强度提高14.8%。复合材料冲击断面SEM 显 示, 一定浓度的NaOH 溶液改性可以明显提高BF 与PP 基体树脂间的相容性。     

固化剂用量对SF/UF共混复合材料力学性能的影响

剑麻纤维(SF)经碱处理后与自制的低毒改性脲醛树脂(UF)、固化剂等原料进行捏合、模压成型,制成SF/UF共混复合材料,研究了不同固化剂用量对复合材料力学性能的影响:并用DSC对树脂进行了固化分析,采用扫描电镜(SEM)对材料的微观形貌进行了观察.结果表明,固化剂用量对复合材料的力学性能有较大影响:用量为1.0%时,复合材料的冲击强度达到12.39 kJ/m2,磨损体积仅为1.47×10 mm3,弯曲强度达到了55.24 MPa.     

PES/PEK改性BMI树脂的性能研究

采用熔融预聚法制备N,N’-4,4’-二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺(BMI)/二烯丙基双酚A(DBA)/聚醚砜(PES)/聚醚酮(PEK)(简称B/D/P/P)改性树脂体系。研究了改性树脂的固化反应性、力学性能及热稳定性。并对不同配比PES/PEK增韧后树脂体系的性能进行比较。结果表明,PEK/PES的加入能明显提高树脂的韧性和强度。在合适的配比下,5wt%PEK/PES的加入就可使改性体系较纯的基体树脂体系冲击强度增加68.5%,弯曲强度增加50.8%。另外,改性树脂体系的热稳定性也较纯的体系以及单一热塑性塑料改性体系有所提高。PES/PEK同时加入效果比PES和PEK单个加入的改性效果明显。     

水镁石/硼酸锌复合阻燃环氧树脂的制备与性能

针对环氧树脂在添加普通水镁石阻燃剂后力学性能恶化的问题,通过对水镁石的改性和复配制备了一种新型阻燃剂.通过SEM观察水镁石粉体及阻燃环氧树脂断面的表面形貌,利用弯曲强度测试考察阻燃环氧树脂的力学性能,测定氧指数考察其阻燃性能.结果表明,水镁石用量为30%时阻燃EP性能最好.用硅烷偶联剂Ⅰ和Z6173改性,阻燃EP的弯曲强度和氧指数分别为5.21 M Pa、28.9%和4.82 M Pa、29.1%.用6份的硼酸锌与硅烷偶联剂Ⅰ改性的水镁石复配制得的复合阻燃剂,其制备成的阻燃EP的弯曲强度和氧指数最高达到4.85 MPa和29.3%.     

苎麻增强不饱和聚酯复合材料的力学性能

分别以苎麻原麻和碱处理的原麻（碱麻）为增强体,KH550为偶联剂,制备了苎麻增强不饱和聚酯复合材料．探讨了偶联剂用量和纤维含量对复合材料力学性能的影响,并用扫描电子显微镜对复合材料的断面进行了观察．实验结果表明,复合材料的力学性能得到了较大的提高．原彬不饱和聚酯复合材料的拉伸强度达132．6MPa,弯曲强度达364．6MPa;碱彬不饱和聚酯复合材料拉伸强度迭116．5MPa,弯曲强度达297．7MPa．