嵌压植骨技术在人工全髋关节翻修术中的应用

目的 探讨使用嵌压植骨技术进行全髋关节翻修术的临床效果。方法1998年12月至2003年9月,采用嵌压植骨技术对48例患者72侧髋关节进行了翻修,平均随访时间25个月,采用Harris评分及X线片观察进行临床疗效评定,并统计并发症的发生率。结果Harris评分从术前平均44．6分提高到术后87．4分,术后优良率为达90．3％;无假体松动及下沉;股骨骨折发生率为4．2％;关节脱位率为1．4％,感染率为1．4％。结论嵌压植骨技术是一种有效重建髋关节置换术后松动所致严重骨缺损的方法。采用冻干异体骨植骨及解剖柄股骨假体同样可以获得满意的临床效果。     

强直性脊柱炎非骨水泥型全髋关节置换术后中期随访

目的观察强直性脊柱炎非骨水泥型全髋关节置换术后中期的随访结果.方法对37例(52髋)强直性脊柱炎非骨水泥型全髋关节置换术后患者进行了24～172个月,平均69个月的随访.临床随访根据Harris的评分方法进行评分,X线随访根据Gruen等和 DeLee and Charnley分区法分别进行股骨柄和臼杯X线分析,根据Brooker等0～4级分级法进行异位骨化分级.结果患者髋关节屈伸、收展、内外旋总活动度由术前的平均27°提高到术后平均152°.术后无脱位、感染等并发症发生.Harris评分术前平均为32(8～64)分,术后平均为82(64～96)分,其中优38髋,良8髋,可6髋,优良率88.5%.X线片分析未见假体松动, 11髋(21.2%)发生异位骨化. 结论人工全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节病变,中期可取得满意的临床效果.     

强直性脊柱炎非骨水泥型全髋关节置换术后中期随访

目的:观察强直性脊柱炎非骨水泥型全髋关节置换术后中期的随访结果。方法:对37例(52髋)强直性脊柱炎非骨水泥型全髋关节置换术后患者进行了24～172个月,平均69个月的随访。临床随访根据Harris的评分方法进行评分,X线随访根据Gruen等和DeLee and Charnley分区法分别进行股骨柄和臼杯X线分析,根据Brooker等0～4级分级法进行异位骨化分级。结果:患者髋关节屈伸、收展、内外旋总活动度由术前的平均27°提高到术后平均152°。术后无脱位、感染等并发症发生。Harris评分术前平均为32(8～64)分,术后平均为82(64～96)分,其中优38髋,良8髋,可6髋,优良率88.5％。X线片分析未见假体松动,11髋(21.2％)发生异位骨化。结论:人工全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节病变,中期可取得满意的临床效果。     

强直性脊柱炎累及髋关节的全髋人工关节置换术

目的 探讨对强直性脊柱炎累及髋关节患者实施全髋人工关节置换术的临床特点、手术技术难点及中长期疗效.方法 对1986年5月～2004年6月34例(41髋)强直性脊柱炎累及髋关节患者施行全髋人工关节置换术并进行随访,所有患者均得到完整的临床及X 线片资料,平均随访时间为7.1年(2.2～19.3 年).结果 所有患者术后的临床症状及髋关节活动度均得到明显改善, Harris评分术前平均为33.9分(13.0～59.2分),术后改善为86.2分(72～96分).髋关节术前总活动度为45°(0～150°),术后改善为130°(70°～210°).随访时3例(4髋)出现假体的松动(均为骨水泥假体),其中1例患者术后10年行股骨柄及髋臼杯假体翻修术,其余患者无假体松动和下沉.2例(2髋)术后发生髋关节脱位, 2例(3 髋)髋关节周围出现轻度异位骨化.结论 强直性脊柱炎累及髋关节患者行全髋人工关节置换术后在髋关节活动度改善方面略差.术中应注意到此类患者因骨盆旋转对安放髋臼杯假体方向所产生的影响,减少术后关节脱位等并发症的发生,中、长期疗效令人满意.     

强直性脊柱炎髋关节屈曲挛缩全髋关节置换术随访及体会

[目的]观察强直性脊柱炎髋屈曲挛缩畸形实施全髋关节置换术的临床效果,并对常见问题的处理进行探讨。[方法]自1998年7月～2005年9月对18例（36髋）强直性脊柱炎髋屈曲挛缩畸形的患者进行全髋关节置换术,其中同期双侧全髋关节置换10例;平均年龄34岁（17岁～58岁）。[结果]术后随访1～6年（平均3.2年）,对手术前后关节疼痛、活动度、畸形矫正及患者整体功能的改善情况进行了对比。除6侧关节轻度疼痛外,其余关节均无疼痛。关节活动度由术前髋关节屈曲平均20.5°改善为70.5°,髋关节外展由术前平均8.2°改善为45°,Harris评分由术前7～58分（平均31分）改善为56～89分（平均76分）,较术前平均提高45分,有显著性差异（配对t检验P〈0.01）。[结论]双侧全髋关节置换术是治疗严重的强直性脊柱炎髋屈曲挛缩畸形的一种有效的方法,特别是术中仔细松解前方挛缩组织,外侧入路可较好地实施手术,同期双侧手术可使患者尽早恢复功能,节约费用,减少二次手术的痛苦。     

全髋关节置换治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节骨性强直

目的：探讨全髋关节置换术在治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节骨性强直的临床疗效及安全性。方法：自2008年1月至2012年1月,采用全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节骨性强直12例（24髋）,其中男11例,女1例,年龄27~62岁,病程5~32年。统计患者术前及术后髋关节活动度及Harris功能评分,术中及术后并发症。结果：所有患者获得随访,时间60~96个月,平均72.6个月,所有患者术后Harris评分较术前提高,髋关节活动度提高;优3例,良6例,中3例。异位骨化1例,为BrookerⅠ级,无临床症状未处理。1例术前严重屈曲畸形患者术后出现股神经牵拉损伤,随访1年后恢复。末次随访均未出现假体下沉及臼杯松动,无关节脱位、急性感染及下肢深静脉血栓形成等并发症发生。结论：全髋关节置换术是治疗强直性脊柱炎晚期髋关节骨性强直的有效方法。     

人工全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节病变的临床疗效

目的 观察人工全髋关节置换治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节病变的手术方法和临床效果.方法 对2001年3月至2009年6月26例(31髋)强直性脊柱炎髋关节病变患者行人工全髋关节置换并随访,置换前患者日常活动均明显受限或者严重疼痛,Harris评分平均(43.2±5.8)分,髋关节活动度平均51.8°±9.7°.记录术后末次随访的Harris评分,X线检查结果,观察假体有无松动、脱位及异位骨化. 结果 所有病例得到随访,平均随访24.9(8 ～125)个月.末次随访患者均疼痛消失,步态正常.Harris评分平均(82.4±4.7)分;髋关节活动度平均148.6°±7.4°;髋关节Harris评分及关节活动度均显著高于置换前(P＜0.05).2髋出现异位骨化,为Brooker分级Ⅰ、Ⅲ级.无脱位、骨折及假体松动下沉,无患者进行翻修. 结论 人工全髋关节置换是治疗强直性脊柱炎晚期髋关节病变的有效方法,可以恢复关节功能,缓解关节疼痛并改善患者生活质量.     

全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节强直的临床研究

目的探讨全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节强直的手术方法及术后疗效。方法 2005年5月至2008年5月,对13例(18髋)强直性脊柱炎髋关节强直患者行全髋关节置换术,患者均为男性,平均年龄35岁(22～51岁)。术后平均随访3.8年(2～5年),根据Harris评分进行评分,根据Gruen股骨分区法和DeLee-Charnley髋臼分区法对股骨假体和髋臼假体作影像学分析。结果 13例(18髋)患者Harris评分由术前平均24.3分(0～38分)提高至术后平均87.3分(54～94分),疗效优6髋,良10髋,可2髋,优良率为88.9%。髋关节总活动度由术前平均35.4°(0°～105°)提高至术后平均192.6°(78°～225°)。X线片未见假体松动、脱位或折断,异位骨化发生率11.1%(2髋)。结论全髋关节置换术是重建强直性脊柱炎髋关节强直患者髋关节功能,提高生活质量的有效方法。     

颗粒骨植骨在人工髋关节置换术中的应用

目的 探讨颗粒骨植骨在人工髋关节置换术中的应用效果。方法对16例（18髋）合并骨质疏松者行人工髋关节置换术,术中将切下的股骨头及股骨颈松质骨制成1～3mm颗粒骨打压植入股骨髓腔,同时安放假体。结果18例均获随访,时间6—63个月,Harris评分从术前的22～59（45．7±0．3）分提高到最后评估时的73～96（85．3±0．2）分。X线片未见有明显的股骨假体下沉。结论骨质疏松患者行人工髋关节置换术中进行颗粒骨打压植骨疗效满意,中、短期的临床效果良好,长期效果有待进一步观察。     

Heterotopic bone formation following total hip arthroplasty in ankylosing spondylitis

Heterotopic ossification is a well-recognized complication of total hip arthroplasty. In a retrospective survey of 98 total hip arthroplasties in ankylosing spondylitis performed between 1970 and 1977, 39.8% showed some evidences of heterotopic ossification. Restriction of hip movements was noted in only two. Heterotopic ossification occurred within one year and was higher (64.6%) in patients with bilateral hip replacements if there was evidence of heterotopic bone formation in one hip. The complications were relatively high in hips with previous operations (55%); trochanteric bursitis (50%); and trochanteric detachment (63.3%). No correlation was found between high erythrocyte sedimentation rate and the incidence or extent of heterotopic bone formation.     

Primary total hip arthroplasty in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

The results of total hip arthroplasty in a group of patients with ankylosing spondylitis are described. Ninety-five arthroplasties were performed in 56 men and 2 women whose average age at operation was 38.9 years (standard deviation [SD], 11.6; range, 19.2-78.8). They were followed for an average of 135.4 months (SD, 81.6; range, 24.4-331.2). We encountered 4 deep infections necessitating the removal of prostheses. Two of 3 dislocations were anterior dislocations. Nineteen arthroplasties were revised at an average of 162.0 months (SD, 49.6; range, 55.1-250.5) after the primary surgery; 9 of them had only the acetabular component revised because of aseptic loosening. Hyperextension of the hips is a common phenomenon that can lead to surgical error and predispose the prosthesis to anterior dislocation.     

Cementless bilateral synchronous total hip arthroplasty in ankylosing spondylitis with hip ankylosis

Purpose

This study was a retrospective analysis of early and mid-term clinical effects and perioperative management of cementless bilateral synchronous total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with bilateral hip ankylosis.

Methods

Fifteen AS patients (30 hips) with bilateral hip ankylosis were managed with cementless bilateral synchronous THA. Surgical outcome was evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS), the range of motion and the Harris score.

Results

The mean follow-up period was 29.3 months. At the last follow-up visit, the VAS score decreased from 7.53?±?0.99 before the operation to 2.40?±?0.91. The Harris score increased from 24.8?±?7.42 before the operation to 83.8?±?4.61. The total range of motion increased from 78.73?±?14.53 before the operation to 209.73?±?16.19 after the operation. After the operation, there was one case of early hip dislocation, one case of femoral nerve stretch injury and one case of superficial incision infection. There were no cases of deep venous thrombosis. X-ray examinations did not show prosthetic loosening or displacement.

Conclusion

AS patients with bilateral hip ankylosis can be treated with cementless bilateral synchronous THA, which could greatly improve hip joint function without significant complications. The clinical effects proved to be satisfactory.     

Bipolar hip arthroplasty in ankylosing spondylitis

Nineteen severely affected hips in 12 young patients with ankylosing spondylitis were treated with bipolar hip arthroplasty followed by a comprehensive postoperative rehabilitation programme. Additional operative procedures of adductor tenotomy, knee flexion release, supracondylar femoral osteotomy for genu valgum and tendo Achillis lengthening for equinus contracture were required in 13 limbs. After a mean follow-up of 45.8 months, results were good in all cases with respect to relief from pain, and there was significant improvement in posture and function. All the patients resumed employment. The average gain in sum total range of hip movements was 194 deg, and the mean preoperative Harris hip score of 27.8 improved to 82.6 after bipolar arthroplasty. Ectopic ossification did not develop in any case. Bipolar hip arthroplasty appears to be ideally suited for young patients with ankylosing spondylitis.     

Total hip arthroplasty in ankylosing spondylitis

Total hip arthroplasty was performed on 29 hips in 19 patients diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis over a 13-year period. The results were analyzed retrospectively with an average follow-up period of more than four years. Complete pain relief was achieved in 97%, and significant gains were made in ambulatory capacity. The limited gains in total range of motion (average improvement 75 degrees) were felt to be primarily due to the high incidence of Brooker Class III and IV myositis ossificans (23%) and long-standing soft tissue contractures.     

全髋关节表面置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎近期疗效观察

目的 探讨全髋关节表面置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎(AS)的可行性及临床疗效.方法 对12例AS患者行全髋关节表面置换术,术后规范功能锻炼.定期临床随访.结果 所有患者切口均一期临床愈合.12例均获得随访,时间3～7(5±1)个月.早期无股骨颈骨折、感染、关节脱位、血管神经损伤、深静脉栓塞、异位骨化等并发症.术后髋关节活动度明显改善,术后Harris评分由术前平均(36±6)分上升至平均(94±4)分.影像学检查假体位置良好.患者生活质量均明显提高.结论 全髋关节表面置换术治疗AS患者近期临床效果满意.     

非骨水泥型全髋关节假体治疗强直性脊柱炎

目的:评价非骨水泥型全髋假体治疗强直性脊柱炎中期疗效。方法:对29例(33髋)选用非骨水泥型全髋假体行全髋置换术的强直性脊柱炎患者进行随访,年龄34～57岁,平均42.4岁,术后随访2.2～5.6年(平均为4.3年)。对手术前后关节疼痛、活动度、畸形矫正、松动及患者整体功能的改善情况进行对比研究,临床随访根据Har-ris系统进行评分比较。结果:本组失访5例,术后除6侧髋关节轻度疼痛,2侧髋关节明显疼痛外,其余关节均无疼痛。关节活动度由术前平均46.5°改善为术后75.2°。髋关节屈曲畸形由术前平均32.6°改善为7.5°。术前Harris评分18～65分,平均44分;术后68～92分,平均86分。术后所有患者生活均可自理或部分自理。术中及术后并发症包括:股骨上端微型劈裂骨折5例,坐骨神经损伤1例,术后2个月脱位1例,股骨假体下沉4例,异位骨化4例。结论:使用非骨水泥型假体行全髋置换术是治疗强直性脊柱炎的一种可靠而有效的方法。