A compact nanosecond pulse generator

A compact high-current pulse generator with the amplitude of the load current up to 140 kA and rise time below 200 ns is designed. The basic element of the pulse generator design is the HCEIcap 100–0.2 capacitor switch assembly. The capacitance value of the capacitor switch assembly is 200 nF, the charging voltage is 100 kV, the energy storage is 1000 J, and the full inductance value is 20 nH. The sizes of the active part of the capacitor are 80-mm inner diameter ×160-mm outer diameter ×160 mm. A multigap spark-gap is used as a switch. The rise rate of the current through the load (X-pinch, 2 molybdenum wires with a 25-μm diameter) is 1.3 kA/ns, and the soft X-ray pulse duration is 2.0–3.5 ns.     

A generator of high-voltage nanosecond pulses with a subnanosecond rise time

A generator of high-voltage pulses of nanosecond duration with a subnanosecond rise time is described. The generator contains a nanosecond-pulse shaper based on an assembly of drift step-recovery diodes (DSRDs) connected in series and a sharpening switch based on an assembly of deep-level dynistors (DLDs) connected in series. The results of tests of this generator at a pulse repetition rate of 100 Hz are presented. Voltage pulses with an amplitude of 20 kV, a rise time of 0.3 ns, and a duration of 10 ns are formed across a load with a resistance of 50 Ω.     

A high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator based on a barrier discharge

One of the specific features of the barrier electric discharge is the short duration of microdischarge processes that last about tens of nanoseconds. A high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator based on a barrier electric discharge is presented. A voltage of tens of kilovolts is usually applied to electrodes of the discharge cell. The peak values of the current pulse may be very high (from a few amperes to several tens of amperes). The presented high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator, having a sufficiently simple design, ensures quite good pulse repetition stability, and, when necessary, allows one to easily tune characteristics of pulses and their repetition rates by changing the geometrical, electrical, and physical-chemical parameters of the setup.     

A high-frequency semiconductor generator of high-voltage nanosecond pulses

A high-frequency generator of high-voltage nanosecond pulses based on an assembly of drift step-recovery diodes is described. A circuit that includes parallel transistor chains for the formation of forward and reverse currents of drift diodes is presented. The results of tests of this generator are presented. Voltage pulses with an amplitude of 2.5 kV, a duration of 2 ns, and a pulse repetition rate of 300 kHz were obtained across a 50-Ω load.     

A high-frequency semiconductor generator of high-voltage nanosecond pulses

A generator of high-voltage rectangular nanosecond pulses equipped with switches in the form of assemblies of deep-level dynistors connected in series is described. A control circuit for dynistors based on an assembly of inversely switched-off diodes connected in series is considered. The generator can operate at a frequency of 10 Hz and form (at a 20-pF load) rectangular voltage pulses with short (4 ns) leading and trailing edges and a short (25 ns) delay relative to an external control signal. The amplitude and duration of output pulses are controlled smoothly in the ranges 7–9 kV and 100–600 ns, respectively. The spread of moments of operation is within 0.5 ns.     

A pulsed generator of X-ray bremsstrahlung with a high peak exposure rate

A new pulsed generator of X-ray bremsstrahlung based on an inductive energy storage and a plasma opening switch is described. The radiation parameters are as follows: the peak exposure rate is as high as 5 × 10⁹ R/s, and the dose is as high as 800 R.     

Operation simulation of a high-voltage nanosecond multistage generator

A model of a high-voltage nanosecond multistage generator employing series voltage addition in the transmission line with stepwise adjustment of the wave impedance is described. The forming lines are coaxial to the transmission line. The generator contains three arrays of switches which are brought into operation one-by-one with a delay equal to the time in which the electromagnetic wave propagates between them, thus forming across a 2.5-kΩ load a pulse whose amplitude is five times higher than the charge voltage of the forming lines. The calculated generator efficiency on an 8.4-Ω matched load is 95%.     

A generator of high-power nanosecond pulses based on a modular two-level summator

A modular approach to designing generators of high-power high-voltage nanosecond pulses on the basis of a two-level wave summator and transistor formers of partial pulses is considered. The design and parameters of the modules that are oriented at the development of generators of voltage pulses of up to 300 kV at a current of up to 4 kA are described. The capabilities of these modules are demonstrated based on the example of a pulse generator with a power of 10 MW, a varied pulse duration of 50–150 ns, and a pulse repetition rate of up to 2 kHz.     

A high-power nanosecond pulse generator based on solid-state switches

A high-power nanosecond pulse generator based on a Lewis transformer and ultrafast IGBT-transistors is described. The generator ensures the formation of square pulses at a 50-Ω matched load with a repetition rate of up to 2 kHz. The pulse duration may be freely varied from 20 to 200 ns, and the pulse power may vary from 200 W to 2 MW.     

A modular drift step-recovery diode generator for nanosecond pulse technologies

A generator of nanosecond pulses with an energy of ~50 mJ, which provides switching of voltage pulses with an amplitude of ~17 kV and a rise time of ~4 ns at a repetition frequency of 8 kHz to a 75-Ω resistive load, is described. The load is matched to the generator output cable. The generator is based on an opening switch in the form of a unit of drift step-recovery diodes (DSRDs). The conditions for the efficient operation of DSRDs are provided by six self-contained modules each of which contains an IGBT transistor and a step-up saturable-core transformer. The results of an experimental study of the generator are presented. They indicate a high efficiency of the developed modular circuit, which makes it possible to increase the switched energy virtually in proportion to the number of used modules, and the possibility of reducing the switching energy loss in the DSRD unit in proportion to the number of diode assemblies connected in parallel. It is shown that the generator can be used for producing ozone and high-purity silicon tetrafluoride and also in an apparatus for purifying air of organic pollutants.     

A compact high-voltage nanosecond marx generator based on air-field dischargers

Results of the development and study of a 14-stage air high-voltage pulse generator with an output voltage of up to 250 kV, a current rise time of 10 ns, and blow capacitance of 400 pF are presented. The design and the schematic circuit diagram of the generator are described.     

应用于磁光开关的纳秒脉冲发生器设计

探讨了一种可用于磁光开关的基于雪崩晶体管的纳秒脉冲发生器,对其电路及雪崩晶体管的工作原理进行了具体分析,并对纳秒脉冲发生器电路进行计算机仿真和实验验证.测试结果表明:这种纳秒脉冲发生器能够输出上升沿2～5ns、脉宽6～20ns和上升幅度30～100V的脉冲,很适合用于全光通信网络中的磁光开关.     

A TEA CO2 laser with a peak radiation power of 100 MW

A high-power pulse-periodic TEA CO₂ laser is used as a component of a long-range mobile differential absorption lidar. In order to reach the ultimate peak generation power, a system for laser excitation with a supply voltage of ±40 kV and efficient preionization was developed, allowing the laser to operate at high pressures of gas mixtures of various compositions. Energy, time, and spatial characteristics of laser radiation were studied. Laser pulses with an energy of >10 J and FWHM duration of ≈30 ns were obtained. The ultimate peak laser radiation power is 100 MW, and the maximum efficiency with respect to the discharge-consumed energy is 12.6%.     

Low-pressure gas-discharge current interrupters in a generator of high-voltage nanosecond pulses with an inductive energy storage

Designs of grid units with slotted and multiple-aperture configurations of holes that allow an increase in the stability of the current-cutoff process and a reduction in the time to turn the device off in a high-voltage pulse generator with an inductive energy storage were created. Compared to a TGI2-500/20 thyratron, these designs made it possible to reduce the time instability of the instant of the current interruption by factors of 2 and 5 for switches with the multiple-aperture and slotted configurations of the grids, respectively. These constructions allowed the minimum time for disabling a device to be reduced by 25%.     

A compact repetitive high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator for the application of gas discharge

Uniform and stable discharge plasma requires very short duration pulses with fast rise times. A repetitive high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator for the application of gas discharge is presented in this paper. It is constructed with all solid-state components. Two-stage magnetic compression is used to generate a short duration pulse. Unlike in some reported studies, common commercial fast recovery diodes instead of a semiconductor opening switch (SOS) are used in our experiment that plays the role of SOS. The SOS-like effects of four different kinds of diodes are studied experimentally to optimize the output performance. It is found that the output pulse voltage is higher with a shorter reverse recovery time, and the rise time of pulse becomes faster when the falling time of reverse recovery current is shorter. The SOS-like effect of the diodes can be adjusted by changing the external circuit parameters. Through optimization the pulse generator can provide a pulsed voltage of 40 kV with a 40 ns duration, 10 ns rise time, and pulse repetition frequency of up to 5 kHz. Diffuse plasma can be formed in air at standard atmospheric pressure using the developed pulse generator. With a light weight and small packaging the pulse generator is suitable for gas discharge application.     

Output voltage adjustment of a pulsed high-voltage nanosecond generator with inductive energy storage and a solid-state switching system

The possibility of adjusting the output voltage of a high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator with inductive energy storage and a solid-state switching system was investigated. All components of the adjustment system are installed in the low-voltage input circuit of the generator, whose voltage was less than 1000 V. The smooth adjustment of the output voltage in the range of 70–115 kV was achieved. The experimental setup and the obtained results are described.     

A high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator for exciting diffuse gas discharges at atmospheric pressure

A high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator intended for studying diffuse discharges in gases at pressures close or equal to atmospheric pressure is described. The generator produces pulses with an ∼50-ns (at half-height) duration, a >50-kV voltage amplitude, a 10- to 12-ns rise time, and a pulse repetition rate of up to 1 kHz across an equivalent load (1.3 kΩ, 15 pF). The generator is based on available cheap components, and the amplitude (energy) of output pulses and their repetition rate can be promptly regulated in a wide range. The generator is immune to noise and reliable.     

纳秒延时同步脉冲产生器的设计与实现

纳秒延时同步脉冲产生器是按着预先设定的时间给出一系列的控制脉冲信号,用来控制测试过程中所有被控设备协同动作的一种电子学仪器,控制精度1ns.本文主要介绍了一种以高精度可编程延迟芯片(PDC)为核心的纳秒延时同步脉冲产生器的基本原理及其测试结果.并对其在应用中的抗干扰性进行了讨论.