基于代理设计模式的银电联网电费缴纳系统

介绍了在设计银电联网电费缴纳系统中所采用的软件体系结构，系统的代理模式设计思想和编程实现方法。主要说明了前置机软件代理设计模式和Sockets网络编程的技术要点。该系统所具备的功能和安全防范机制说明该系统是现实可行的。     

实时数据传输在收费系统中的应用

实时数据传输是高速公路联网收费的基础和必要条件,数据传输系统的安全性、可靠性和快速性直接影响高速公路联网收费的性能。本文分析了高速公路收费数据传输系统的需求和性能要求,设计了数据传输系统架构,描述了数据传输软件的流程。并以深汕东段高速公路收费系统为例,讨论了如何利用ODBC和Socket实现收费数据的后台实时传输。并将...     

浅析省级高速公路联网收费系统的网络安全防护

针对省级高速公路联网收费系统的特点,本文简要分析其网络及系统的安全风险,结合联网收费系统的安全目标,探讨了如何确保联网收费系统的网络安全。     

浅析省级高速公路联网收费系统的网络安全防护

针对省级高速公路联网收费系统的特点,本文简要分析其网络及系统的安全风险,结合联网收费系统的安全目标,探讨了如何确保联网收费系统的网络安全.     

水司——银行联网收费系统的设计与实现

首先引入传统收费系统的弊端；其次，说明提高泉州市自来水公司提高服务水平的重要性，并提出了解决方案。导入联网实时收费系统的设计与实现；最后阐述实用效果。     

武汉自来水迈步信息化——武汉市自来水公司与海星科技联合开发营业联网收费管理系统

武汉市自来水公司已于今年成功地实施了营业联网收费管理系统,由传统的人工抄表、按户收费方式转变为全城联网实时收费方式,武汉市用户可就近到武汉市商业银行任一网点或自来水公司任一营业所自由选择缴费方式,储蓄、代扣、柜台缴费均可,只要报出用户代码就能结清水费。武汉市自来水公司还将逐步与更多的银行联网,扩充收费网点,还将开辟电话、因特网水费实时缴费、查询系统。     

高速公路联网收费系统安全问题及对策分析

随着我国高速公路运营里程的不断增加,高速公路收费网络的规模也随之扩大.但是,高速公路联网收费系统中的信息丢失、网络攻击、病毒入侵等各种安全问题日益突出.本文对高速公路联网收费系统面临的安全问题进行了分析,并提出了一定的对策.     

数据网络用于对讲系统的解决方案

目前,我国大部分地区的高速公路收费系统,乃至大中型企事业,都建立了局域网或者广域网。在现有的高速公路联网收费数据网络基础上,利用Windows套接字和可视化编程技术,提出了满足高速公路联网收费工作的对讲系统的解决方案。实践表明,该方案具有开发成本低、操作简便、运行快速、可靠性高的优点。二次开发系统可通过SDH综合业务接入网方便地实现网络连接,为各级管理部门提供实时信息。     

项目动态

日前记者获悉,北京市高速公路联网收费工程即将启动。 为实现高速公路现代化管理,进一步发挥高速公路效益,联网收费系统已成为北京市高速公路建设与改造的重点。按照工程规划,建成后的收费系统网络将全面覆盖北京市高速公路信息管理中心,六环路沿路的各收费中心、所、站,可完成收费和监控数据的传输以及各种监视图像的传输,最终实现全市高速公路联网收费。该工程的实施,将推动北京高速公路管理的现代化,并为今后北京高速路网与全国高速路网全面实现联网收费奠定坚实的硬件基础。     

基于计算机网络管理的高速公路上收费系统的建立

本文首先介绍我国联网收费所面临的问题提出实施"高速公路上收费系统网络架构"的必要性,然后具体介绍高速公路上收费系统网络的架构,详细介绍高速公路上收费系统网络的系统功能设计,介绍路网智能化收费系统的应用情况,包括取得的成绩和效益.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.     

Editorial: Special issue on recent advances in hybrid control theory and applications

正The demands of a rapidly advancing technology for faster and more accurate controllers have always had a strong influence on the progress of automatic control theory.In recent years control problems have been arising with increasing frequency in widely different areas,which cannot be addressed using conventional control techniques.The principal reason for this is the fact that a highly competitive economy is forcing systems to operate in regimes where     

Information for Authors

正Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)areedited by the international board of distinguished Chinese andforeign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest devel-opments and achievements in scientific research in China andoverseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulateand promote academic exchange between Chinese and for-eign scientists everywhere.     

Enhancing a leaf radiative transfer model to estimate concentrations and in vivo specific absorption coefficients of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b from single-needle reflectance and transmittance

The relative concentrations of different pigments within a leaf have significant physiological and spectral consequences. Photosynthesis, light use efficiency, mass and energy exchange, and stress response are dependent on relationships among an ensemble of pigments. This ensemble also determines the visible characteristics of a leaf, which can be measured remotely and used to quantify leaf biochemistry and structure. But current remote sensing approaches are limited in their ability to resolve individual pigments. This paper focuses on the incorporation of three pigments—chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total carotenoids—into the LIBERTY leaf radiative transfer model to better understand relationships between leaf biochemical, biophysical, and spectral properties.Pinus ponderosa and Pinus jeffreyi needles were collected from three sites in the California Sierra Nevada. Hemispheric single-leaf visible reflectance and transmittance and concentrations of chlorophylls a and b and total carotenoids of fresh needles were measured. These data were input to the enhanced LIBERTY model to estimate optical and biochemical properties of pine needles. The enhanced model successfully estimated reflectance (RMSE = 0.0255, BIAS = 0.00477, RMS%E = 16.7%), had variable success estimating transmittance (RMSE = 0.0442, BIAS = 0.0294, RMS%E = 181%), and generated very good estimates of carotenoid concentrations (RMSE = 2.48 µg/cm², BIAS = 0.143 µg/cm², RMS%E = 20.4%), good estimates of chlorophyll a concentrations (RMSE = 10.7 µg/cm², BIAS = − 0.992 µg/cm², RMS%E = 21.1%), and fair estimates of chlorophyll b concentrations (RMSE = 7.49 µg/cm², BIAS = − 2.12 µg/cm², RMS%E = 43.7%). Overall root mean squared errors of reflectance, transmittance, and pigment concentration estimates were lower for the three-pigment model than for the single-pigment model. The algorithm to estimate three in vivo specific absorption coefficients is robust, although estimated values are distorted by inconsistencies in model biophysics. The capacity to invert the model from single-leaf reflectance and transmittance was added to the model so it could be coupled with vegetation canopy models to estimate canopy biochemistry from remotely sensed data.     

Mr. Twinn’s bombes

This article discusses the history and design of the special versions of the bombe key-finding machines used by Britain’s Government Code & Cypher School (GC&CS) during World War II to attack the Enigma traffic of the Abwehr (the German military intelligence service). These special bombes were based on the design of their more numerous counterparts used against the traffic of the German armed services, but differed from them in important ways that highlight the adaptability of the British bombe design, and the power and flexibility of the diagonal board. Also discussed are the changes in the Abwehr indicating system that drove the development of these machines, the ingenious ways in which they were used, and some related developments involving the bombes used by the U.S. Navy’s cryptanalytic unit (OP-20-G).