临沂低品位钛矿的矿物组成及铁钛元素的分布状态

采用矿物自动分析系统研究了山东临沂低品位钛矿的矿物组成和铁、钛元素的分布状态. 结果表明,TFe和TiO2品位分别为14.25%和6.68%,矿石中磁铁矿、钛铁矿及榍石含量分别为2.60%, 5.40%和8.27%;脉石矿物以角闪石为主,其次是斜长石. 矿石中磁性铁含量仅为1.88%,占全铁总量的13.21%;钛在矿石中的分布较分散,其中40.69%分布在钛铁矿中,44.14%分布在榍石中. 以榍石和钛铁矿为目的矿物,理论上,选矿时可生产TiO2品位为41.45%的混合钛精矿,钛精矿产率为13.67%,钛的选矿回收率为84.83%.     

榍石的低温合成

采用氯化钙、正硅酸乙酯、钛酸丁酯为初始原料,氢氧化钾作为矿化剂在热液条件下低温制备榍石(CaTiSiO5)粉体。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等分析测试手段对合成物相进行分析,实验结果表明:在水热条件下,控制钙钛硅摩尔比为1∶1∶0.7,pH值=9,温度为230℃时,可得到榍石粉体,远低于传统固相反应的合成温度。最终所得到的粉体粒径比较均匀,多为5μm左右的球形颗粒。     

钙钛锆石和榍石的合成及烧结

以天然锆英石为主要原料,通过配方设计,采用热重-差热、X射线衍射等分析手段,研究了钙钛锆石(CaZrTi2O7)和榍石(CaTiSiO5)的固相反应合成及烧结.结果表明:采用上述工艺能够获得高纯度的CaZrTi2O7和CaTSiO5基的致密烧结体.合成CaZrTi2O7,CaTiSiO5的含量以及合成CaZrTi2O7的最低温度、最佳温度与配方密切相关.最佳配方的摩尔比为:n(ZrSiO4):n(CaCO3):n(TiO2)=1:2:3,最低合成温度为1230℃,最佳的合成温度及烧结温度均为1260℃.     

钙钛锆石和榍石的组合矿物固溶铀

以ZrSiO4、CaCO3、TiO2、Al2O3及UO2（NO3）2.6H2O为原料,通过固相反应制备掺U钙钛锆石（CaZrTi2O7）和榍石（CaTiSiO5）的组合矿物。用X射线衍射、背散射电子图像、能谱仪等分析手段研究组合矿物的制备及其对U固溶的情况。结果表明：制备掺U钙钛锆石和榍石组合矿物的较佳配方摩尔比为n（...     

钛和锆结晶釉

钛和锆结晶釉得到了许多原苏联和俄罗斯专家学者的潜心研究。与锌釉不同的是,这两种釉通常为受含钛或含锆晶体乳浊的易熔釉。它属于硼铝硅酸盐系统。最高烧成温度为950～1100℃。钛和锆结晶釉一般用于精陶和彩陶建筑、卫生及日用制品。在系统研究一价和二价金属氧化物对钛结晶釉性能和乳浊度的影响及将釉中ＴｉＯ2摩尔含量由3.2%增至17%后表明,随着ＴｉＯ2含量的提高,结晶相的数量增加,从而促进乳浊度的提高。含不足8%ＴｉＯ2的白釉有榍石作主要结晶相,当ＴｉＯ2含量超过8%时,与榍石同时结晶的还有金红石,釉随金红石量的提高而发黄。锆结晶…     

金红石型云母钛珠光颜料的合成研究

采用化学诱导法合成金红石型云母钛珠光颜料 ,以SnCl4及其复配物为金红石诱导促进剂 ,在 85 0℃、0 5h的焙烧条件下合成得到了完全金红石型的云母钛珠光颜料。由正交试验得到了金红石化学诱导促进剂最佳复合配方为 :m(云母 )∶m(SnCl4)∶m(ZnO)∶m(C助剂 ) =10 0∶3∶2∶4。此方法缩短了焙烧时间 ,并使颜料表面的TiO2 相转变温度降低了约 10 0℃ ,使制得的耐候性云母钛珠光颜料具有高的珠光光泽     

榍石基人造岩石固溶钕(英文)

以CaCO3、H2SiO3、TiO2、Nd2O3和Al2O3为原料,通过高温固相反应,制各固溶钕的榍石矿物.借助x射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪等分析手段,研究了钕在榍石矿物中的固溶情况,探讨了Nd3+和Al3+的引入对榍石晶格常数和晶体生长的影响.结果表明:引入Al3+进行电价补偿,Nd3+能较好地固溶到榍石晶格当中;掺入Nd3+和Al3+导致榍石晶胞a轴收缩,b轴和c轴伸展;掺入Nd3+和Al3+,榍石固溶体晶粒生长速度减慢,晶体易长成粒状体.     

镁铝水滑石的制备与性能研究

采用盐碱共沉淀法制备镁铝水滑石,采用XRD、FT-IR和粒度分析等手段对合成样品进行分析和表征,利用静态热老化法和静态热稳定性实验研究了镁铝水滑石稳定剂在聚氯乙烯（PVC）中的热老化性能和热稳定性 能。实验结果表明：镁铝水滑石是良好的PVC热稳定剂和热老化剂,热稳定剂实验的最佳配方比为m（PVC）∶m（硬脂酸）∶m（镁铝水滑石）= 100∶2∶1.2;热老化实验的最佳配方为m（PVC）∶m［邻苯二甲酸二辛酯（DOP）］∶m（硬脂酸）∶ m（镁铝水滑石）=100∶70∶2∶2。     

低膦共聚物水质稳定剂的合成工艺研究

以水为溶剂,采用过硫酸铵-次磷酸盐引发体系,用马来酸酐(MA)、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)、丙烯酸(AA)为单体合成低膦共聚物水质稳定剂,讨论了合成温度、合成时间、单体配比以及引发剂用量等条件对产物阻垢性能的影响,确定了水质稳定剂的合成工艺。在水相中,膦酸共聚物的最佳合成温度为83~85℃,最佳合成时间为6h,最佳单体配比(MA∶AMPS∶AA)为0.50∶0.05∶0.45,过硫酸铵用量为6%、次磷酸盐相对物质的量含量为0.15时效果最佳。     

溶胶凝胶法制备铬锡红色料研究

采用溶胶－凝胶法制备了铬锡红色料,对不同矿化剂,不同温度下合成的色料进行了ＸＲＤ、ＩＲ、可见分光光度和颗粒度的测试。结果表明：在采用适当的矿化剂所合成的色料中,锡榍石含量在１２００℃已达到最大值;铬己固溶入锡榍石晶格中取代了部分锡,从而使色料呈现玛瑙红色,在１２００℃合成出高品位、高温稳定的铬锡红色料,这个温度比固相法合成的温度降低了１００℃。与固相合成法相比采用溶胶－凝胶法合成的试样其呈色更好,     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.