大学生手机依赖与孤独感的关系研究

目的:探讨大学生手机依赖与孤独感的关系.方法:采用自编的大学生手机依赖问卷和UCLA孤独感量表对304名大学生进行调查研究.结果:(1)性别变量在手机依赖的人际健康和时间管理维度的平均得分存在显著差异(F=3.881,P<0.05;F=7.546,P<0.01),年级变量在手机依赖总分及行为(心理)耐受性维度上差异显著(F=2.941,P<0.05;F=3.082,P<0.05);(2)UCLA得分与手机依赖各因子得分均呈正相关(r=0.263,0.206,0.311,0.242,0.195;均P<0.05);(3)逐步多元回归分析显示,手机依赖的人际健康维度对孤独感有预测作用(F=7.791,P<0.001).结论:大学生手机依赖在性别和年级变量上差异显著,孤独感可能会增加大学生的手机依赖倾向.     

孤独感对大学生手机成瘾倾向的影响:经验性回避的调节作用

为了探究孤独感、手机成瘾倾向及经验性回避之间的关系,本研究选取532名大学生为被试,采用大学生手机成瘾倾向量表、中文版接纳行动问卷和孤独感量表对被试进行测量。采用偏差校正的Bootstrap法和潜变量结构方程模型分析数据。结果显示,大学生手机成瘾倾向、孤独感及经验性回避具有显著的相关性,孤独感和经验性回避可以显著地预测大学生手机成瘾倾向程度,经验性回避的调节模型的拟合指数良好(x~2/df=2.899;GFI=0.982;NFI=0.977;IFI=0.985;CFI=0.985;RMSEA=0.061),调节效应大小是0.26,95%的置信区间是0.11～0.30。经验性回避在大学生孤独感和手机成瘾倾向之间起到调节作用。     

羞怯、自尊、社会支持与留守经历大学生孤独感

采用问卷对488名有留守经历和581名非留守经历的大学生进行调查,考察羞怯与孤独感的关系以及自尊和社会支持在羞怯与孤独感之间的中介作用。结果表明:留守经历大学生羞怯体验显著高于非留守经历大学生;社会支持显著低于非留守经历大学生;孤独感显著高于非留守经历大学生;自尊没有显著差异。相关分析表明,留守/非留守经历大学生羞怯、自尊、社会支持与孤独感之间均相关显著(r=-0.21~0.52,P0.01)。结构方程模型分析结果表明:羞怯正向预测留守经历大学生孤独感,通过社会支持间接预测其孤独感,但是自尊的中介作用不显著;羞怯不但正向预测非留守经历大学生孤独感,还通过自尊和社会支持间接预测其孤独感,多重中介模型成立。     

大学生羞怯与手机移动互联网过度使用行为的关系:人际交往困扰的中介作用

为探讨大学生羞怯、人际交往困扰与手机移动互联网过度使用行为之间的关系,采用《羞怯量表》、《人际关系综合诊断量表》和《大学生手机移动互联网过度使用行为量表》对1488名在校大学生进行测量.结果表明:1)羞怯、人际交往困扰总分及各因子与手机移动互联网过度使用行为间存在显著正相关,羞怯与人际交往困扰总分及各因子间存在显著正相关;2)羞怯、人际交往困扰以及交谈交流困扰、交际交友困扰和异性交往困扰均对大学生的手机移动互联网过度使用行为有正向预测作用;3)人际交往困扰在羞怯与手机移动互联网过度使用行为之间起到完全中介效应.因此,羞怯对手机移动互联网过度使用行为的影响是通过人际交往困扰的完全中介作用实现的.     

留守儿童自尊与性虐待早期预防:孤独感的中介作用

从安徽省3市以年级分层抽样的方式选取502名留守儿童,发放罗森伯格自尊量表、预防儿童性虐待知识问卷和儿童孤独感量表进行调查。使用SPSS 22.0统计软件对数据进行相关和中介效应检验。结果:留守儿童自尊与孤独感之间均存在显著的负相关(r值分别为-0.35,P值<0.001);留守儿童孤独感与性虐待早期预防之间存在显著的负相关(r值为-0.37,P值<0.001);留守儿童自尊与性虐待早期预防之间存在显著的负相关(r值为-0.29,P值<0.01),控制孤独感检验发现自尊对性虐待早期预防的直接效应不显著(LLCI=-0.039 8,ULCI=0.134 3);孤独感的中介效应显著(LLCI=-0.188 3,ULCI=-0.110 2)。结论:留守儿童孤独感在自尊与性虐待早期预防关系中起完全中介作用。     

大学生社交焦虑与手机成瘾:一个有调节的中介

目的:探讨大学生社交回避及苦恼、自尊和智能手机成瘾的关系.方法:采用社交回避及苦恼量表(SAD)、Rosenberg自尊量表(RSES)、简易应对方式量表(WCQ)、智能手机成瘾量表(SAS-C),以兰州市西北民族大学学生作为被试群体进行测量.结果:智能手机成瘾量表总分与社交回避及苦恼量表得分呈显著正相关,与自尊量表得分呈显著负相关,与应对方式量表得分也呈显著负相关.自尊在社交回避及苦恼和智能手机成瘾之间具有中介作用,并受到应对方式的调节作用,即自尊对大学生智能手机成瘾的影响具有调节的中介效应.结论:社交回避及苦恼与智能手机成瘾具有调节的中介.     

逆境信念与农村贫困大学生孤独感:自尊的中介作用

为探讨自尊、逆境信念对降低农村贫困大学生孤独感的作用。采用UCLA孤独量表第三版、自尊评定量表和中国人逆境信念量表对抽取的427名农村贫困大学生和634名非贫困大学生进行调查。结果显示:农村贫困大学生自尊得分、逆境信念得分与孤独感得分呈负相关(r值分别为-0.46、-0.25,P值均小于0.01);自尊得分、逆境信念得分均负向预测农村贫困经历大学生孤独感得分(β值分别为为-0.42、-0.13,P值均小于0.01),两个因素累积解释22.20%的总变异;中介效应值为ab=-0.078,[95%置信区间为(-0.121~-0.004)],置信区间不包括0,中介效应的效果量R2med=0.073,表明自尊在农村贫困大学生逆境信念与孤独感的关系中起中介作用。     

大学生手机依赖与孤独感的关系：基本心理需要的中介作用

文章用手机成瘾指数量表、基本心理需要满足量表和情绪——社交孤独问卷（ESLI）测查云南省5所高校492名大学生,目的在于了解大学生手机依赖与孤独感、基本心理需要内在关系机制。结果显示,手机依赖组和非手机依赖组在基本心理需要、孤独感及各维度上的得分存在显著性,手机依赖组孤独感总分高于非手机依赖组,手机依赖组在关系需要、胜任需要、自主需要得分及基本心理需要总分都低于非手机依赖组,手机依赖与孤独感、基本心理需要存在显著相关,孤独感可以正向预测手机依赖,基本心理需要可以负向预测手机依赖;基本心理需要是孤独感对手机依赖的中介变量,中介效应值为0.114。因此,可以通过满足大学生心理需要和减少其孤独感来预防和干预大学生的手机依赖。     

大学生反刍思维和述情障碍的关系：孤独感和社交焦虑的多重中介作用

采用反刍思维量表(RRS)、孤独感量表(UCLA)、社交焦虑量表(IAS)和多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS)对504名大学生进行施测。结果发现:大学生反刍思维与孤独感、社交焦虑和述情障碍均呈正相关;述情障碍与孤独感、社交焦虑之间呈正相关,孤独感和社交焦虑之间呈正相关,反刍思维和述情障碍的直接路径效应显著,孤独感在反刍思维和述情障碍之间中介效应显著;社交焦虑在反刍思维和述情障碍之间中介效应显著,其Bootstrap 95%的可信区间分别为(0.34, 0.89)、(0.14, 0.46)、(0.04, 0.22);多重中介模型存在性别间的跨组等值性(Δeffect=0.17,Z=1.05,P0.05)。结论:大学生反刍思维既可以直接预测述情障碍,也可以通过孤独感和社交焦虑的多重中介作用影响述情障碍,且多重中介模型在性别间具有测量等值性。     

高中生羞怯、自我同一性状态与学校适应的关系

采用中学生羞怯量表、自我同一性状态问卷和学校社会行为量表对763名高中生进行调查,以分析羞怯、自我同一性状态与学校适应间的关系.结果表明:1)羞怯总分与社会能力得分呈显著负相关;同一性延缓、获得得分与社会能力得分呈显著正相关,同一性扩散得分与社会能力得分呈显著负相关;同一性延缓、早闭、扩散得分与反社会行为得分呈显著正相关.2)羞怯得分与同一性延缓、早闭、扩散得分均呈显著正相关,与同一性获得得分呈显著负相关.3)同一性延缓、扩散和获得在羞怯总分与社会能力得分之间均起部分中介作用.结论:高中生羞怯、自我同一性状态与学校适应的关系密切,羞怯可以直接影响个体的学校适应,也可以通过同一性延缓、扩散和获得3种状态间接对学校适应产生影响.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-