菲牛蛭素体内外抗凝实验研究

目的:研究广西菲牛蛭中提取的两种菲牛蛭素--菲牛蛭素A(Bufrudin A,BA)和菲牛蛭素B(Bufrudin B,BB)在人体外及动物体内的抗凝作用.方法:观察菲牛蛭素在人体外及动物体内对部分活化凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(TT)的影响.结果:在体内外实验中,BA、BB均能明显延长活化部分APTT、PT及TT,但两者的三个指标有明显差异性,其中BA对TT的作用最显著,BB则对PT的作用更强.结论:广西菲牛蛭中的抗凝物质BA、BB在体内外均有较强的抗凝活性.     

广东菲牛蛭中有效抗凝物质的分离纯化

目的从广东菲牛蛭鲜体中分离纯化有效抗凝物质,并对其生化性质进行测定。方法用水提醇沉、离子交换、反相层析法等分离纯化广东菲牛蛭中的抗凝物质,用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测定其蛋白的分子质量,并运用基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱（MALDI—TOF—MS／MS）进行分析。结果从广东菲牛蛭中分离出得到一种电泳纯的活性多肽,其相对分子质量为19．2kDa。所得菲牛蛭抗凝活性多肽每克蛋白所含单位抗凝活性≥2548000ATU,活性回收率约为53％。结论从广东菲牛蛭鲜体中分离出的活性抗凝多肽对凝血酶具有极强的抑制作用,开发应用前景广阔。     

菲牛蛭素对血管新生作用的研究

目的：通过菲牛蛭素刺激人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVEC）和鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜（CAM）血管,研究其对血管新生的影响.方法：体外培养HUVEC,以血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）作阳性对照药,采用四甲基噻唑蓝（MTT）比色法测定菲牛蛭素对HU-VEC细胞活力的影响,酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测菲牛蛭素对HUVEC培养液中VEGF释放含量的影响;制备CAM模型,生理盐水作对照,观察不同浓度菲牛蛭素对血管生成的影响.结果：菲牛蛭素终浓度0.25 U/mL时细胞活力最强,与空白对照组比较增殖率为28.4％,且在此浓度培养液中VEGF含量最高,比空白对照组高出80.7％;与生理盐水对照组比较,CAM血管总数明显增加,大、中血管数增加显著（P＜0.01）,小血管数变化不明显（P＞0.05）,其中以22 U/mL剂量组增生作用最明显.结论：菲牛蛭素对血管新生具有促进作用,这可能为缺血性疾病治疗提供依据.     

广东菲牛蛭水蛭素基因的克隆和序列测定

【目的】研究地理因素对水蛭素基因结构变异的影响。【方法】抽提广东菲牛蛭基因组DNA ,根据已发表的水蛭素基因设计一对引物 ,从基因组DNA扩增出一特异性的大约 70 0bp片段 ,再回收、克隆和测序。【结果】广东菲牛蛭水蛭素基因全长为 6 42bp ,基因有 4个外显子 ,被三个内含子隔开。与马尼拉菲牛蛭水蛭素基因Hm1、Hm2 的同源性分别为 90 %与和 88 6 %。【结论】地理因素会影响菲牛蛭水蛭素基因结构的变异。     

广西菲牛蛭提取物抗动物血栓形成的作用

目的:研究菲牛蛭提取物对抗动物血栓形成的作用.方法:采用家兔动脉血栓和大白鼠静脉血栓模型,静脉注射菲牛蛭提取物每千克60个抗凝血酶单位 (60ATU /kg),用生理盐水作阴性对照.测定其对动脉及静脉血栓形成的作用. 结果:给药后,菲牛蛭提取物对动脉血栓、静脉血栓湿重和干重均有明显减轻作用,与生理盐水对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论:菲牛蛭提取物有较强的抗动物血栓形成作用,具有潜在的临床应用价值.     

噬菌蛭弧菌代谢产物活性成分对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的研究噬菌蛭弧菌代谢产物活性成分对小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法将噬菌蛭弧菌代谢产物的3种有机溶剂(石油醚、三氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯)提取物和提取后的剩余液体分别腹腔注射实验小鼠,分两次注射,共注射0.5 mL,注射后连续饲养28 d,每隔7 d小鼠采血检测离体白细胞吞噬活性(phagocytic activity)、吞噬细胞杀菌活性(bactericidal activity)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性、血清凝集抗体效价、血红蛋白值和红细胞数的变化,以研究不同提取物对小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果石油醚提取物组和三氯甲烷提取物组小鼠血清SOD活性、血清凝集抗体效价、离体白细胞吞噬活性和吞噬细胞杀菌活性增强与对照组相比差异极显著(P0.01);乙酸乙酯提取物组SOD活性和血清凝集抗体效价增强与对照组相比差异极显著(P0.01),离体白细胞吞噬活性和吞噬细胞杀菌活性增强与对照组相比差异显著(P0.05);石油醚提取物组的血红蛋白值(12.64 g/100 mL)和红细胞数(11.32×106/mL)最高。各项指标的峰值均出现在第7天~第21天。结论噬菌蛭弧菌代谢产物3种有机溶剂提取的活性物质具有增强小鼠免疫功能的作用。     

菲牛蛭对实验性高脂血症血脂及血液流变学的影响

目的：研究菲牛蛭对高脂血症鹌鹑血脂及血液流变学的影响。方法：在高脂饲料喂饲鹌鹑2周后,用药组再同时灌服3个不同剂量的菲牛蛭（0.075g/kg、0.15g/kg、0.3g/kg）4周,6周后测定血脂水平及血液流变学指标。结果：菲牛蛭各组的TC、TG、LDL-C均显著低于模型对照组（P〈0.01）。菲牛蛭0.15g/kg、0.3g/kg剂量组的全血黏度（高切）红细胞刚性指数显著低于模型对照组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。菲牛蛭0.3g/kg剂量组的全血黏度（中切）、红细胞压积显著低于模型对照组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论：菲牛蛭可降低血脂,同时对血液流变学有改善作用。     

不同极性溶剂的草果提取物抗氧化活性研究

目的 研究不同极性溶剂草果提取物的抗氧化活性。方法 用95%乙醇提取草果,过滤并将滤液浓缩成浸膏,用少量蒸馏水溶解浸膏后依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取,得到石油醚部位、乙酸乙酯部位、正丁醇部位以及水部位。采用紫外分光光度法来测定草果提取物对ABTS+自由基、羟自由基和Fe2+螯合的清除能力,比较其抗氧化活性,并用BHT作为阳性对照品。结果 不同极性溶剂的草果提取物对ABTS+自由基、羟自由基和Fe2+螯合都具有清除能力,清除ABTS+自由基的能力以阳性对照品最强,高达90.56%,清除羟自由基能力大小为:正丁醇部位>BHT>石油醚部位>乙酸乙酯部位>水部位,清除螯合Fe2+能力中,当提取物浓度为4.0μg/ml时,正丁醇部位螯合清除能力最强,石油醚部位螯合清除能力最弱。其中又以BHT的Fe2+螯合能力、ABTS+自由基清除能力、羟自由基清除能力最好。结论 不同极性溶剂的草果提取物都具有良好的抗氧化活性,其中以BHT作为阳性对照品对草果的抗氧化活性最好,其次是正丁醇部位、石油醚部位、乙酸乙酯部位,最后是水部位。     

宽体金线蛭不同工艺提取物抗凝血活性的比较

目的分析比较宽体金线蛭不同工艺提取物的抗凝血活性,筛选宽体金线蛭的提取工艺。方法测定宽体金线蛭不同工艺提取物的血浆复钙时间和抗凝血酶效价。结果水提醇沉法和醇提水沉法所得的提取物抗凝血活性较强,而丙酮醇沉法所得提取物的抗凝血活性最弱。结论水提醇沉法是宽体金线蛭较理想的提取方法 ,该法操作简便,节约资源。     

广东菲牛蛭水蛭素基因的克隆和序列测定

目的：研究地理因素对水蛭素基因结构变异的影响。方法：抽提广东菲牛蛭基因组DNA，根据已发表的水蛭素基因设计一对引物，从基因组DNA扩增出一特异性的大约700bp片段，再回收，克隆和测序。结果：广东菲牛蛭水蛭素基因全长为642bp，基因有4个外显子，被三个内含子隔开，与马尼拉菲牛蛭水蛭素基因Hm1,Hm2的同源性分别为90％与88．6％，结论：地理因素会影响菲至蛭水蛭素基因结构的变异。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.