高效液相色谱法测定维生素C泡腾片有关物质含量

目的:建立维生素C泡腾片中有关物质含量的测定方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为PerfectChrom100C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相为磷酸盐缓冲溶液(PH2.50±0.05);流速:0.8ml/min;进样量:20μl;检测波长为245 nm。结果:维生素C质量浓度在4.0~16.0μg/ml范围内,进样量在0.0618~0.5562μg范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.9990)。结论:该方法简便准确,稳定性好,可用于维生素C泡腾片中有关物质的含量测定。     

RP-HPLC同时测定保健食品中维生素D_2和D_3的含量

建立反向高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)同时测定保健食品中维生素D_2和D_3的检验方法。片剂和硬胶囊剂采用超声提取,软胶囊采用皂化提取制备,Zorbak ODS色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm×5μm),以甲醇-乙腈(9∶1,V/V)为等度流动相,检测波长为264 nm,流速为1.0 m L/min,柱温35℃。结果表明,维生素D_2在0.07~7.14μg/m L质量浓度范围、维生素D_3在0.08~8.62μg/m L质量浓度范围内呈线性关系(r=0.999 5),维生素D_2和维生素D_3的回收率分别为83.49%~98.56%和83.71%~98.43%,定量限为0.45μg/100 g。经方法学验证符合相关标准。该方法简便快捷,准确度高,能满足含维生素D类保健食品的含量测定要求。     

HPLC-RI法同时测定食品中5种糖的含量

建立HPLC-RI法同时测定食品中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、乳糖的含量。采用Inertsil NH2色谱柱(5μm,4.6 mm×250 mm),乙腈∶水(80∶20,体积比)为流动相,流速1.0 m L/min,柱温30℃。果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、乳糖的线性范围分别是3.9116μg~156.4655μg(r=0.9996)、3.1887μg~127.5491μg(r=0.9996)、2.6983μg~107.9337μg(r=0.9991)、4.290 9μg~171.635 4μg(r=0.999 8)、3.730 9μg~149.237 7μg(r=0.999 6);平均加样回收率分别为98.6%、98.4%、97.8%、97.8%、99.2%,RSD分别为1.28%、1.70%、1.63%、1.55%、1.81%。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定维生素D3和维生素K2的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法同时测定维生素D_3和维生素K_2的含量的分析方法。方法以95%甲醇水:异丙醇=(98:2, V:V)为流动相,梯度洗脱,样品经C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm)分离,并于264 nm波长检测。结果维生素D3在浓度0.1282～1.2818μg/mL之间呈现良好的线性关系,r~2=0.9999,平均回收率为95.7%～100.7%,相对标准偏差为1.7%;维生素K_2在浓度0.51397～5.1397μg/mL之间呈现良好的线性关系,r=0.9999,平均回收率在97.3%～100.7%之间,相对标准偏差为1.3%。结论该方法操作简便、准确、重现性好,能同时测定维生素D_3和维生素K_2含量,可在实验室推广。     

高效液相色谱法测定保健食品中三氯蔗糖的含量

目的建立一种保健食品中三氯蔗糖含量测定的高效液相色谱检测法。方法样品采用Rad pak C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)进行分离,以1.0 m L/min乙腈:水(V:V=15:85)为流动相,最后用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)-示差折光仪为检测器进行测定,外标法定量分析。结果高效液相色谱法在0.482~2.892 mg/m L浓度范围,三氯蔗糖的浓度和峰面积的线性良好,相关系数为0.999(r0.99),该方法的检出限和定量限分别为19.58 mg/g和65.27 mg/g,在不同的添加水平下,该方法的回收率范围为95.0%~95.6%,相对标准偏差为0.3%(n=9)。结论高效液相色谱法灵敏度、准确度均较高,适用于保健食品中三氯蔗糖的含量测定。     

HPLC法测定菊苣中芦丁、槲皮素和山柰酚含量

建立HPLC法同时测定维药菊苣茎、根、种子总黄酮提取液中芦丁、槲皮素和山柰酚含量的方法。用安捷伦HC-C_(18)柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm)色谱柱,流动相为0.1%乙腈(A)-磷酸(B)(50︰50, V/V),流速0.8 mL/min,检测波长365 nm,柱温30℃。结果表明,芦丁、槲皮素和山柰酚分别在2.0～20μg/mL (r~2=0.999 9), 0.5～40μg/m L (r~2=0.999 8)和0.5～60μg/m L (r~2=0.999 1)浓度范围内呈现良好线性关系,加标回收率(n=3)分别为97.7%(RSD=1.89%), 97.3%(RSD=1.01%)和102.6%(RSD=0.33%)。菊苣茎中芦丁含量为116.3×10~3μg/kg,槲皮素为122.4×10~3μg/kg,山柰酚为32.7×10~3μg/kg;菊苣根中存在芦丁,含量为82.0×10~3μg/kg;菊苣子中存在芦丁和槲皮素,芦丁含量为85.0×10~3μg/kg,槲皮素为45.3×10~3μg/kg。该方法简便、快速、有效、灵敏、准确,具有良好回收率,可作为该植物的定量分析方法,试验结果可为以后菊苣资源的开发利用提供依据。     

饮料中葛根素的高效液相色谱分析

建立了饮料中葛根素含量的高效液相色谱方法,采用C18色谱柱(4.0mm×250mm,5μm),以甲醇、水(V/V=30∶70)内含0.2%H3PO4的混合液为流动相、检测波长254nm、流速为0.6ml/min、柱温40℃、葛根素浓度在4～200μg/ml时,其色谱峰面积与质量浓度线性关系良好(r=0.9983)。加样回收率分别为101.9%、98.4%、90.6%,RSD<2%(n=5)。该方法简便、准确、快速,适用于饮料中葛根素的测定。     

高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测法同时测定不同品种巴旦杏中槲皮素、山奈酚的含量

目的:建立用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测法测定新疆不同品种巴旦杏仁中槲皮素、山奈酚含量的方法。方法:色谱柱:HC-C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-0.4%磷酸溶液(55∶45,V/V);检测波长:360 nm;柱温:30℃;流速:1.00 mL/min。结果:槲皮素和山奈酚分别在1.0~30μg/mL(r=0.999 3)和0.5~40μg/mL(r=0.999 8)质量浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率分别为102.0%(相对标准偏差为2.08%,n=5)和102.8%(相对标准偏差为2.21%,n=5)。结论:该方法简便、快速、有效、准确、具有良好的重复性和回收率,可作为巴旦杏仁的质量控制和评价。     

高效液相色谱法测定益康胶囊中的红景天苷

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定益康胶囊中红景天苷含量的方法,为保健品中红景天的测定提供检测和质量控制参考。方法采用甲醇对样品进行超声处理,经色谱柱(C18,4.6 mm×250 mm,5.0μm,安捷伦),流动相:乙腈:水=9:91(V:V)等度洗脱,柱温:40℃,检测波长:215 nm,流速:1.0 m L/min,采用外标法定量。结果结果表明,红景天苷在0.016~0.16 mg/m L范围内具有良好的线性关系(r2=1.0000),检出限为0.63μg/g,定量限为2.1μg/g,精密度(RSD)为0.5%,平均回收率97.4%(n=9)。结论此法操作简单、准确、快速,可作为益康胶囊中红景天苷含量的检测方法。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定刺梨中芦丁和槲皮素的含量

建立反相高效液相色谱法测定刺梨中芦丁和槲皮素的含量。采用WatersSunfire ODS C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.2%磷酸缓冲溶液(60:40),流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长360nm,柱温30℃,进样量10μL。结果表明,在上述色谱条件下,芦丁和槲皮素良好分离,质量浓度分别在2~100μg/mL(R2=0.9991)和1~100μg/mL(R2=0.9992)之间线性关系良好。平均加标回收率分别为98.27%和99.15%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为2.98%和3.76%,重现性实验RSD分别为芦丁2.18%(n=5),槲皮素1.76%(n=5)。测得刺梨中芦丁和槲皮素的平均含量分别为7.070mg/g和1.352mg/g。RP-HPLC法简便快捷、灵敏,结果准确,可用于刺梨中黄酮成分含量的检测。     

Probiotics and prebiotics--perspectives and challenges

Owing to their health benefits, probiotics and prebiotics are nowadays widely used in yogurts and fermented milks, which are leader products of functional foods worldwide. The world market for functional foods has grown rapidly in the last three decades, with an estimated size in 2003 of ca US$ 33 billion, while the European market estimation exceeded US$ 2 billion in the same year. However, the production of probiotics and prebiotics at industrial scale faces several challenges, including the search for economical and abundant raw materials for prebiotic production, the low-cost production of probiotics and the improvement of probiotic viability after storage or during the manufacturing process of the functional food. In this review, functional foods based on probiotics and prebiotics are introduced as a key biotechnological field with tremendous potential for innovation. A concise state of the art addressing the fundamentals and challenges for the development of new probiotic- and prebiotic-based foods is presented, the niches for future research being clearly identified and discussed.     

常用消毒灭菌法及其机理与应用

介绍了采用消毒灭菌方法,有加热消毒法,紫外线辐射法和化学药剂消毒法。常用化学药剂有醛类、含氯消毒剂、醇类消毒剂以及高锰酸钾、生石灰等,阐释了消毒与灭菌两个概念的区别。     

European citizen and consumer attitudes and preferences regarding beef and pork

This paper presents the combined mid-term findings of the consumer research components of two EU Sixth Framework Programme integrated projects concerning meat, ProSafeBeef and Q-PorkChains. The consumer pillar of ProSafeBeef carried out eight focus group discussions in May 2008, in France, Germany, Spain and the UK. Q-PorkChains conducted a large-scale, web-based, consumer survey in January 2008 in Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Greece and Poland. The first project provides a set of qualitative data from a small cohort of focus groups and the second a set of quantitative data from a larger consumer sample. This paper draws together the main findings of both projects and provides a comprehensive overview of European citizens’ and consumers’ attitudes towards and preferences regarding beef and pork. In general, consumers consider meat to be a healthy and important component of the diet. Consumers support the development of technologies that can improve the health attributes of meat products and guarantee eating quality, but they have a negative view of what they see to be excessive manipulation and lack of naturalness in the production and processing of beef products. In the Q-PorkChains study consumer and citizen segments are identified and profiled. Consumer segments were built upon the frequency and variety of pork consumption. The citizen segments were built upon their attitudes towards pig production systems. Overall, the relationship between individuals’ views as citizens and their behaviour as consumers was found to be quite weak and did not appear to greatly or systematically influence meat-buying habits. Future studies in both projects will concentrate on consumers’ acceptance of innovative meat product concepts and products, with the aim of boosting consumer trust and invigorating the European beef and pork industries.     

益生素、益生菌与结肠癌

介绍了益生素和益生菌及其作用机理。在动物模型中，有大量的数据证实益生素和益生菌能够预防癌症．而在人体内还没有直接实验证据。它们抑制癌症的确切机理目前尚不清楚，其抑制机理可能是：肠道菌群代谢活动的改变，肠道理化环境的改变，潜在的致癌物质的黏附和降解，肠道菌群的改变、抗癌或抗诱变物质的形成、提高宿主的免疫应答、影响宿主的生理活动以及发酵不能被消化的食物并形成有益代谢产物。     

节能节水型印染助剂和设备的现状

从节能、节水、缩短工艺流程和环保的角度出发，介绍了国内外研制开发的一系列新型节能、节水型印染助剂和染整设备。     

原花色素及其开发应用

对原花色素的结构、化学特性、制备、分析方法、应用前景作一综述,并重点讨论其生理功能,为在功能性食品、药物、化妆品等领域的深入研究和开发提供参考。     

天然香精香料与生物技术

天然香精香料是高价值的精细化工产品和食品添加剂,但原料来源有限且提取成本高。利用生物技术生产这类产品具有广阔的前景。简述了发酵工程、酶工程、细胞工程和基因工程在香精香料中的应用,并探讨了生物技术在香精香料中的应用前景。     

毛霉型低盐速成豆豉工业化生产工艺与设备

本文介绍了毛霉型低盐速成豆豉的工业化生产工艺及生产线的关键设备。     

组学技术与果蔬采后质量和安全控制

果蔬可以提供营养, 有利于人类健康, 而果蔬的后熟及其与环境的相互作用会影响果蔬采后的质量和安全。对果蔬生物学过程的了解和掌握是减少果蔬采后损失和保障果蔬采后质量和安全的关键。在过去的10多年, 基于组学技术的系统生物学在了解果蔬后熟及其与环境相互作用的分子机制方面得到了越来越多的应用。本文对此做了细致的总结, 指出了存在的不足, 并提出了未来的发展方向。     

Heritability and correlations for body condition score and dairy form within and across lactation and age

The objectives of the current study were to investigate the relationship between body condition score (BCS) and dairy form and changes in genetic parameters for BCS and dairy form within and across lactations and age. Body condition score and dairy form were obtained from the Holstein Association USA, Inc. Records were edited to include those cows classified between 24 and 60 mo of age and between 0 and 335 d in milk (DIM). A minimum of 20 daughters per sire and 15 cows per herd-classification visit were required. The dataset consisted of 135,178 records from 119,215 cows. Repeatability, multiple trait, and random regression models were used to analyze the data. All models included fixed effects for herd-classification visit, age within lactations 1, 2, and 3 or higher, and 5th-order polynomials for DIM. Random effects included sire and permanent environment for all models. Random regression models included age at classification nested within sire or DIM and lactation number nested within sire. Genetic variance for both BCS and dairy form was lowest in early lactation and highest in midlactation. Genetic correlations within and across lactations were high. The genetic correlation between DIM 0 in lactation 1 and DIM 305 in lactation 3 was estimated to be 0.77 for BCS and 0.60 for dairy form. The genetic correlation estimate between 30 mo of age at classification and 50 mo of age at classification was 0.94 for both dairy form and BCS. The repeatability models appeared to generate accurate evaluations for BCS or dairy form at all ages and stages of lactation.