全氟丙烷人血白蛋白微球注射液配制方法的优化

目的优化全氟丙烷人血白蛋白微球注射液配制方法。方法采用不同辅料超声制备全氟丙烷人血白蛋白注射液,并检测微球的大小及稳定性。结果采用2%右旋糖酐-40溶液作为辅料的配方制备的微球,粒径大小最佳,放置6个月后,各项质量指标几乎无变化,稳定性较好。结论已优化了全氟丙烷人血白蛋白微球注射液的配制方法。     

玻璃瓶装人血白蛋白中铝离子浓度关键影响因素的分析

目的分析玻璃瓶装人血白蛋白中铝离子浓度的关键影响因素。方法制备含20μmol/L柠檬酸钠的人血白蛋白样品(A组),A组中加入100μmol/L的柠檬酸钠,使其终浓度为120μmol/L(B组),分装于Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类玻璃瓶中,进行57℃热加速试验,于第0、7、14、21及28天取样,检测铝离子浓度,确定影响铝离子浓度的直接因素;同时检测不同浓度柠檬酸钠(20、40、60、80、100、120μmol/L)对两种玻璃瓶装人血白蛋白中铝浓度的影响。结果热加速试验第28天,Ⅰ类玻璃瓶A、B组样品中铝离子浓度分别为63. 2和238. 1μg/L,Ⅱ类玻璃瓶分别为18. 6和93. 1μg/L,B组铝离子浓度的升高幅度高于A组,Ⅱ类玻璃瓶低于I类玻璃瓶。含80、100、120μmol/L柠檬酸钠浓度的Ⅰ类玻璃瓶装样品铝离子浓度分别为212. 9、178. 4、205μg/L,接近或超过200μg/L的规定,Ⅱ类玻璃瓶样品铝离子浓度均低于200μg/L。结论人血白蛋白中柠檬酸钠是造成产品铝离子浓度升高的直接因素,降低柠檬酸钠浓度及采用Ⅱ类玻璃瓶灌装均可有效抑制铝离子浓度的升高。若使用Ⅰ类玻璃瓶灌装,应控制产品中柠檬酸钠浓度低于60μmol/L。     

聚乙二醇-重组人干扰素α2b结合物冻干保护剂的筛选

目的筛选聚乙二醇-重组人干扰素α2b(PEG-rhIFNα2b)结合物的冻干保护剂。方法采用两步筛选法,以氨基酸、甘露醇和糖类作为冻干保护剂,与PEG-rhIFNα2b在适宜条件下制备成冻干制剂,分别于40、25和4℃放置不同时间取样,检测其理化性质和生物学稳定性,筛选最佳保护剂配比。结果通过6～12个月的试验,证实该冻干制剂外观、pH无明显改变,但再溶解速度略慢于以人血白蛋白作保护剂的冻干制剂;采用15mmol/L精氨酸+10mmol/L谷氨酸+4%甘露醇+1%蔗糖/海藻糖的冻干保护剂配方,在4℃和25℃放置12个月后,抗病毒活性仍较好,相当于人血白蛋白的冻干保护效果。结论已筛选出不含人血白蛋白的PEG-rhIFNα2b结合物的冻干保护剂。     

重组人促红素注射液新工艺研究

重组人促红素(rhEPO)注射液临床上应用于治疗肾性贫血、外科围手术期的红细胞动员、肿瘤化疗引起的贫血。目前,国产rhEPO注射液均以人血白蛋白作为稳定剂,人血白蛋白在一定程度上会引起机体的自身免疫反应。以3 000 IU/mL EPO制剂为考察对象,通过高温加速试验,检测制剂中rhEPO蛋白体外活性残存率,首先确定了稳定剂中L-精氨酸盐酸盐和L-组氨酸盐酸盐的浓度,之后在稳定剂添加量确定的基础上,筛选了保护剂Tween80的合适浓度为0.006%,NaH2PO4·2H2O和Na2HPO4·12 H2O的配比为5/4,pH值为6.10~6.30。初步筛选出了EPO制剂的新型配方。     

无明胶和人血白蛋白腮腺炎减毒活疫苗冻干保护剂配方的筛选

正目前已有部分冻干疫苗使用无明胶、无人血白蛋白保护剂,如水痘疫苗、甲型肝炎疫苗等,而现行的冻干腮腺炎减毒活疫苗仍以明胶和人血白蛋白作为保护剂,因此,有必要开发一种无明胶和人血白蛋白的保护剂配方。本文对3种不同保护剂配方的冻干腮腺炎减毒活疫苗的质量进行了比较,现将结果报道如下。     

检测人血白蛋白制品中微量铝荧光分析法的建立

目的　建立一种人血白蛋白铝含量的检测方法。方法　采用Lumogallion(荧光镓 )作为荧光试剂 ,以 10 %三氯乙酸去除蛋白 ,0 1%邻菲啉消除Fe3+ 的干扰 ,建立人血白蛋白中铝含量的荧光分析法。结果　检测限度为 6ng ml,CV值为 3 99%～ 5 74 % ,回收率为 92 5 %～ 10 5 4 %。结论　该方法操作较为简便 ,速度快 ,适于在原子吸收光谱仪缺乏的条件下 ,作为人血白蛋白制品中微量铝的检测方法     

人血白蛋白制品中铝含量的分析

目的通过对国产人血白蛋白制品的铝含量分析,使该制品适应即将执行的《中国药典》相关标准的要求。方法以《欧洲药典》的铝含量(200μg/L)为标准,采用原子吸收分光光度法检测制品中的铝含量。结果国内压滤生产的人血白蛋白制品合格率为54%,离心法为28%,生产工艺改进后,铝含量下降幅度平均为62%,且基本达到了欧洲药典的合格标准。结论国内人血白蛋白生产厂家通过对生产工艺的改进,铝含量完全可以控制在欧洲药典的合格标准内。     

呋喃丹水分散粒剂的配制实验研究

在制备质量分数为５％呋喃丹水分散粒剂的配方实验中，我们进行了不含呋喃丹原料的空白颗粒剂的配方实验，并对空白颗粒的磨损率、崩解性、分散性进行了测定，从中筛选出载体、分散剂、湿润剂制备空白颗粒的最佳配方，实验证明该配方作为质量分数为５％呋喃丹水分散粒剂最枯粒的配方，人制剂优良。     

药用玻璃容器质量现状分析

目的　分析药用玻璃容器质量现状。方法　对药用玻璃容器的内表面耐水性、pH值、规格尺寸、内应力、热稳定性和热震性进行检测。结果　经检测的药用安瓿 ,管制瓶和模制瓶各项指标均符合使用要求。结论　目前的药用玻璃容器的质量是可靠的     

检测人血白蛋白中铝含量的石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法的建立

目的 建立一种人血白蛋白铝含量的检测方法。方法 用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法检测人血白 蛋白（ＨＡＳ）中的铝含量，并对该方法进行分析。结果 检测限度达１ｎｇ／ｍｌ，检测精确度的ＣＶ值为７．６２％，均达满意标 准。结论 该方法可检测出的铝含量符合ＷＨＯ铝含量应≤２００ｎｇ／ｍｌ的要求，可作为实验室常规的铝含量检测方法。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.