羧酸型聚乙二醇聚氨酯离聚物及其导电性能

以聚环氧乙烷（ＰＥＯ）为软段，与４，４’－二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯（ＭＤＩ）预聚，以２，２’－二羟甲基丙酸（ＤＭＰＡ）扩链合成了含羧酸基团的聚氨酯，并经中和形成了含不同金属离子的离聚物．测定了样品的热分析数据和力学性能，利用交流阻抗分析仪测定了样品的阻抗谱，由此计算出样品的离子电导率．这类样品由于阴离子（－ＣＯＯ－）固定在聚合物分子链上，因此只有单一阳离子迁移．结果表明，羧酸型聚氨酯离聚物既有较高的单一离子电导率又具有优良的力学性能．讨论了不同软段分子量、硬段含量和金属抗衡离子对离子电导性能的影响     

磺酸盐型离子化聚二氧戊环的合成与表征

自Wrfeht［‘铸于1973年首次报道了聚环氧乙烷在室温以上的电导率达10－’s／cm后，聚合物固体电解质领域的研究取得了很大进展．目前研究的聚合物固体电解质大多为双离子型［“，但这类聚合物固体电解质有很严重的内部极化问题“‘，解决这一问题的有效措施是设计单离子导体“‘，其中软段离子化聚醚聚氨酯离聚物是一种综合性能优异的单离子导体「“．合成软段离子化聚醚聚氨酯离聚物的关键是端羟基离子化聚醚的合成．我们以丁烯二醇为原料，合成了一系列磺酸盐型离子化聚二氧戊环（PDXL），用FT－IR、‘HNMR、GPC、元素分析等方法…     

嵌段聚氨酯阴离子离聚物的小角X射线散射研究

用小角Ｘ射线散射研究了嵌段聚氨酯阴离子离聚物中不同离子化程度对离子聚集体形态结构的影响．结果表明：离子含量少时，主要以非聚集离子或多重离子对的形式存在；离子含量多时，主要以离子簇的形式存在．聚氨酯离子化后，有利于软、硬段的微相分离．     

磺酸型阴离子聚氨酯离聚物的研究(Ⅰ)——不同离子化程度对性能的影响

合成了不同离子化程度的磺酸型阴离子聚氨酯离聚物,并通过红外光谱、示差扫描量热、动态力学、应力-应变等方法研究了它们的性能,结果表明:离子化程度不同对聚氨酯离聚物的软硬段相容性有较大的影响,引入少量离子,使软硬段相容性提高,引入大量离子时,则又使软硬段相分离程度提高,随着离子化程度的提高,材料的抗张强度、水溶性逐步提高,为控制聚氨酯材料的亲水性及制备水溶性聚氨酯提供了一种新途径。     

多相高分子快离子导体阻抗谱的研究

研究了以ＬｉＣｌＯ４掺杂的聚乙二醇聚氨酯双离子导体及磺酸型聚乙二醇聚氨酯离聚物单一离子导体的阻抗谱，给出了多相快离子导体交流阻抗测试系统的等效电路．通过阻抗谱计算机解析，计算得出了样品的基本电学参数．通过讨论界面阻抗的色散现象，计算出样品的离子电导率，和阻抗谱解析法得到的结果相一致．     

含呱嗪聚硅氧烷聚脲聚氨酯及其离聚物的研究

以氨丙基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷及脲键改性聚硅氧烷低聚体分别与４，４－二异氰酸酯二苯甲烷（ＭＤＩ）反应，并用１，４二（２－羟乙基）一呱唪（Ｎ）扩链，合成了一系列含氮杂环聚氨酯共聚物，产物为透明热塑性弹性体，具有良好的成膜性能和宽阔的使用温区。通过碘乙烷和ｖ－丙磺酸内酯对上述样品进行季铵化，合成了阳离子型及双离子型离聚物。用傅里叶红外光谱（ＦＴ－ＩＲ）、示差量热分析（ＤＳＣ）、动态力学谱（ＤＭＴＡ）、力学性能等方法对样品进行了表征，结果表明，在聚硅氧烷中引人脲键，提高了软、硬段两相的相容性，体系中既有软段间的氢键作用又有两相间的氢键作用，从而使这类材料的杨氏模量、抗张强度和断裂伸长均明显高于相应的聚二甲基硅氧烷聚脲聚氨醋体系。     

液晶型聚氨酯弹性体的固体高分辨核磁共振研究

采用固体高分辨＾１３Ｃ核磁共振谱以及溶液碳谱、氢谱的方法对以聚四氢呋喃（ＰＴＭＯ）为软段、４，４＇－二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯（ＭＤＩ）为硬段、４，４＇－二羟已氧基联苯（ＨＢ６）为扩链剂的液晶型聚氨酯弹性体的相态结构、分子运动、氢键相互作用等问题进行了研究。探讨了样品的化学结构与上述问题间的关系。     

含呱嗪聚硅氧烷聚脲聚氨酸及其离聚物的研究

以氨丙基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷及脲键改性聚硅氧烷低聚体分别与4，4－二异氰酸酯二苯甲烷（MDI)反应，并用1，4二（2－羟乙基）－呱嗪（N）扩链，合成了一系列含氮杂环聚氨酯共聚物。产物为透明热塑性弹性体，具有良好的成膜性能和宽阔的使用温区，通过碘乙烷和γ－丙磺酸内酯对上述样品进行季铵化，合成了阳离子型及双离子型离聚物。用傅里叶红外光谱（FT－IR）、示差量热分析（DSC）、动态力学谱（DMTA）、力学性能等方面对样品进行了表征。结果表明，在聚硅氧烷中引入脲键，提高了软、硬段两相的相容性。体系中既有软段间的氢键作用又有两相间的氢键作用，从而使这类材料的杨氏模量、抗张强度和断裂伸长均明显高于相应的聚二甲基硅氧烷聚脲聚氨酯体系。     

胺中和的磺化乙丙三元胶离聚物的研究

分别用氢氧化铵、乙胺、二乙胺和三乙胺中和磺化乙现三元胶（Ｓ－ＥＰＤＭ－Ｈ）溶液，制得含－ＳＯ３＾－Ｎ＾＋Ｈ４－ｘＥｔｘ离子对的４种离聚物。元素分析、应力－应变、介电性能和密度测试结果表明：随着中和试安中乙基数（ｘ）的增加，中和度、离聚物的机械强度和密度均下降，介电损耗β＇峰移向低温。ｘ＝０时，β＇峰分裂成β和α两个损耗峰。说明该离聚物子聚集成离子簇，成为两相体系；ｘ＞１，离子聚集成多重离子，离聚物     

聚氨酯-接枝-磺化聚氧乙烯的合成及其血液相容性研究

通过梳状的磺化聚氧乙烯接枝共聚醚和４,４’ 二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯（ＭＤＩ）反应,合成了磺酸根离子和聚氧乙烯复合修饰的聚氨酯（ＰＥＵ ｇ ＰＥＯ ＳＯ３Ｎａ）．通过血小板粘附试验对材料的体外抗凝血性试验表明将具有“类肝素”生物活性的磺酸根离子通过ＰＥＯ为“间隔臂”固定在聚醚氨酯上,不仅可以有效地阻抗血小板的粘附、活化,还可以有效地阻断内外源凝血途径,具有较好的血液相容性．     

Synthesis and properties of sulfonated polyurethane ionomers with anions in the polyether soft segments

A series of polyether (PTMO, PEO) polyurethane ionomers having different contents of sodium sulfonate groups in the soft segments have been synthesized. The reaction of transesterification was involved in the incorporation of the sodium sulfonate groups in the polyether. The polyurethane ionomers were characterized by means of dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and small-angle x-ray scattering. Solid-state ionic conductivity was also measured. As the ionization level increased, the compatibility of the hard and soft segments increased and the glass transition region of the soft segment became broader. These samples had relatively higher moduli and good film-forming ability. Moreover, this kind of ionomer provides a very promising ionic conductive multiphase polymer with a single ion transport mechanism. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

磺化聚苯醚离聚体微乳化过程相反转的研究

以乙酰磺酸为磺化剂制备了磺化度为 3%～ 1 7%mol的磺化聚苯醚 (SPPO)并中和成盐 ,在一定的温度和搅拌速度下 ,加水将SPPO乳化成水包油的稳定水基微乳液。用乳化过程中的体系的电导率、粘度和表面张力的变化表征了乳化相反转过程。另外还研究了溶剂的极性和离子含量对SPPO溶液可乳化性和乳化过程的影响     

Protonic conducting organic/inorganic nanocomposites for polymer electrolyte membrane

Protonic conducting membrane can be used in many energy technological applications such as fuel cells, water electrolysis, hydrogen separation, sensors and other electrochemical devices. However, polymer electrolyte membrane usually lack thermal stability, resulting in narrow operational temperature windows. So, a new class of polymer membrane with high temperature stability and protonic conductivity is desired for many industrial applications. In this paper, new synthetic routes have been investigated for organic/inorganic nanocomposites hybrid polymer membranes of SiO₂/polymer (polyethylene oxides (PEO); polypropylene oxide (PPO); polytetramethylene oxide (PTMO)). Novel protonic conducting properties have also been investigated. The materials have been synthesized through sol–gel processes in flexible, ductile free-standing thin membrane form. The hybrid membrane has been found to be thermally stable up to 250°C and possess protonic conductivities of approximately 10⁻⁴ S/cm at temperature windows from room temperature to 160°C and relative humidity.     

The ionic conductive property of sulfonated polyethylene oxide polyurethane ionomers

A series of lithium and sodium salts of sulfonated polyethylene oxide (PEO) polyurethane ionomers in different levels of ionization were prepared. It has been found that this material is a new type of ionic conductive polymer, characterized by a single-ion transport mechanism and good mechanical properties. The ionization level significantly influences the ionic conductivity of the samples. When the mole ratio of the metal ion and ether oxygen atom is about 0.05, the ionomers exhibit maximum cationic conductivity. An optimal cationic conductivity of 1.0 × 10^?5 S/cm is obtained at about 70°C without any addition of organic plasticizer. The conductivity increases apparently when propylene carbonate and low MW PEO are added to the polyurethane ionomer. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

磺化聚苯醚离聚体的合成及溶液性质研究

合成一系列磺化度的磺化PPO(S-PPO),以磺化度为20.9mol％的S-PPO的钠盐和锂盐为代表,研究其在四氢呋喃/甲醇混合溶剂中的离聚体行为。结果表明,S-PPO离聚体在溶液中的链聚集状态与聚合物浓度、反离子半径和温度密切相关。     

离聚体水基微乳液化的研究──聚苯醚离聚体微乳化过程的相反转

以乙酰磺酸为磺化剂制备了磺化度为３～１７ｍｏｌ％的磺化聚苯醚（ＳＰＰＯ）并中和成盐,在一定的温度和搅拌速度下,加水将ＳＰＰＯ乳化成水包油的稳定水基微乳液．用乳化过程中的体系的电导率、粘度和表面张力的变化表征了乳化相反转过程．另外还研究了溶剂的极性和离子含量对ＳＰＰＯ溶液可乳化性和乳化过程的影响．     

Synthesis,Characterization, Curing and Shape Memory Properties of Epoxy‐Polyether System

Epoxy resins were cured by an amine telechelic poly(tetramethylene oxide) (PTMO). The telechelic amine was synthesized from hydroxy telechelic PTMO and was characterized. The kinetics of curing of epoxy monomer by the polyether amine was studied in detail by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and rheology to optimize the cure conditions. The cured epoxy system exhibited shape memory properties where PTMO served as the switching segment. Molar ratios of the epoxy monomer and the amine were varied to get polymers with different compositions. The developed polymers were analyzed by DSC, X‐ray diffraction, and Dynamic Mechanical Thermal (DMTA) analyses. Shape memory property was evaluated by bending tests. As the concentration of epoxy resin increased, the transition temperature (T_trans) increased. The tensile strength and % elongation also increased with epoxy resin‐content. The extent of shape recovery increased with PTMO‐content with a minor penalty in recovery time. The polymer with the maximum PTMO‐content exhibited 99% shape recovery with a recovering time of 12 s.     

Partially Sulfonated Polystyrene and Poly(2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐phenylene oxide) Blend Membranes for Fuel Cells

Summary: Based on Flory–Huggins parameters (χ), the miscibility and the effect of morphological change on proton conductivity and methanol permeability of partially sulfonated polystyrene (SPS) and partially sulfonated poly(2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐phenylene oxide) (SPPO), having an identical ion exchange capacity, were investigated. When 50 wt.‐% of SPPO was blended, both the proton conductivity and methanol permeability had the highest values, which resulted from the change of amorphous domains and the hydrogen bonding between the two ionomers.

The proton conductivities, water uptake and methanol permeability for the SPPO/SPS blend membranes studied here. The membranes with 50 wt.‐% SPPO clearly showed the greatest increase in these properties.     

Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethanes Containing Polyisobutylene/Poly(tetramethylene oxide) Mixed Segments

We investigated the thermal properties, microphase separated structure and mechanical properties of a series of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) containing both polyisobutylene (PIB) and poly(tetramethylene oxide) (PTMO) diols in the soft segment (SS). A series of TPUs were prepared with the same weight fraction of the SS but different ratio between PIB and PTMO diols. Molecular weight of the PTMO diol and chemical structure of the hard segment (HS) also varied. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) measurements did not reveal strong microphase separation between PIB and PTMO in the SS. While it has been assumed that incorporating PTMO diol into the SS can enhance the phase mixing between the hard segment (HS) and SS, our results indicated that, in most cases, the degree of microphase separation of TPUs based on mixed diols is slightly higher than that of TPUs based on only PIB diol.