基于局部图划分的多相活动轮廓图像分割模型

几何活动轮廓模型是图像分割领域的强有力工具。最近,一种基于成对相似性的图划分活动轮廓(GPAC)模型被提出,并有效应用于均质图像分割。但是,该模型的连接权函数仅与图像光谱相关,使得模型在低对比度模糊图像的应用存在较大局限,同时,成对相似性的计算量大,模型的数值实现效率不甚理想。针对这些问题,该文引入测地核函数定义连接权函数,结合多相水平集,提出了基于局部图划分的多相活动轮廓图像分割模型。自然图像的实验结果证明了该模型的有效性。     

基于C-V模型的红外图像自动分割方法研究

为解决红外图像分割中背景噪声及边界轮廓的影响,引入了基于曲线演化理论、水平集方法和M-S分割函数的C-V模型。通过将图像表达为分段常量函数来建立适当的能量函数模型,引入水平集的表示方法,在整个图像域中依据最小化分割寻找全局极小值,可令活动轮廓最终到达目标边缘。由MATLAB实现的仿真结果表明采用C-V模型对红外图像进行自动分割不受边界轮廓线连续性限制,对初始轮廓线位置不敏感,对图像噪声具有很强的鲁棒性,对均匀灰度目标分割效果良好。     

基于模糊核聚类的双水平集医学图像分割

在实际的医学图像中,除目标和背景区域外,还存在两个以上的目标区域,传统的Chan-Vese模型一般只适用于两相图像分割,不能很好地分割多相图像。提出了一种基于模糊核聚类的改进型双水平集的医学图像分割,利用KFCM聚类算法降低图像噪声和双水平集模型的敏感性,对双水平集模型进行改进,对聚类后图像再分割。该方法具有较好的抑制图像噪声能力,充分利用图像边缘信息,无需初始化水平集函数,减少计算量和算法迭代次数,并能有效地实现多相目标区域的分割。     

基于Chan-Vese模型的TFT-LCD Mura缺陷快速分割算法

针对传统的Chan-Vese模型(C-V模型)分割背景不均匀的TFT-LCD Mura缺陷速度慢的问题,将水平集函数与符号距离函数的偏差作为能量项引入C-V模型,去掉了符号距离函数重初始化步骤;为了平衡图像的整体亮度不均匀,在传统的C-V模型中引入轮廓曲线内、外部区域之间的亮度差项,提高了分割准确性。在数值实现上,采用无条件稳定的半隐差分格式,适当加大步长,加速曲线演化过程,相比于有限差分格式和AOS格式,分割速度明显提高。实验结果表明,本文提出的算法能够准确地分割背景不均匀的Mura缺陷图像,并且分割速度快。     

活动轮廓模型综述

基于活动轮廓模型的目标分割、物体跟踪方法是近十几年来图像和视频领域研究的热点,它可以将待处理问题的先验知识与各种图像处理算法有效地融合在一起,比以往的计算机视觉理论有更强的实用性.本文结合图像分割方法从指导思想和所用的数学方法两方面对活动轮廓模型特别是几何活动轮廓模型中基于水平集方法的C-V方法做了一定综述.     

3D视频目标分割与快速跟踪

提出一种面向3D视频的目标分割与快速跟踪算法,主要分为空域分割和时域与视域跟踪两个主要步骤。空域分割采用基于改进C-V模型的方法。首先基于帧差法提取运动区域作为目标的初始轮廓,以减少迭代次数加快收敛速度。然后在传统的C-V模型中加入图像边缘信息以加强C-V模型对模糊边缘的处理能力,提高分割结果的主管视觉效果。时域和视域的目标跟踪采用基于改进生物地理优化的快速跟踪方法。实验结果表明所提分割与跟踪算法快速、高效。     

基于梯度信息的C-V模型图像分割算法

针对传统的C-V模型对于含有多灰度级目标的图像难以准确分割并且分割速度缓慢等问题,提出了在C-V模型中引入梯度信息的图像分割算法。该算法在C-V模型的偏微分方程中加入了基于梯度信息的加速因子和弱目标边界控制力,加速因子的引入可以显著地提高C-V模型的分割速度,弱目标边界控制力可以有效地防止弱目标边界泄漏和漏分割。实验结果表明:该算法能够有效分割出弱目标和提高图像分割速度。     

一种改进的凸变分水平集模型在图像分割中应用

针对传统的变分水平集CV模型在图像分割中不能分割灰度不均图像的缺陷,提出一种改进的水平集公式化的凸能量函数。改进模型既可以灵活地应用初始值,也可以在算法上设置合理的终止条件,对于背景简单的图像分割效果较清晰;对于前景清晰,目标明确的图像分割的干净,前景和背景明确;对于目标与背景对比不强烈的图像,抓取的目标轮廓明了清晰。应用在图像中提高了分割精度,缩短了计算时间,效果较好。     

基于改进Chan-Vese模型的液晶显示屏Mura缺陷分割

液晶显示屏Mura缺陷是一类较难检测的显示缺陷,它具有对比度低、背景亮度不均匀、边缘模糊等特点。针对传统Chan-Vese模型(C-V模型)对其分割时存在误分割及速度慢的问题,本文提出一种改进的C-V模型。首先,依据曲线演化理论,简化了传统C-V模型的图像数据力驱动项,这样减少了迭代过程中的计算量,提高了分割的速度。其次,为了平衡图像的亮度不均匀,在模型中引入一个新的能量项,该能量项与轮廓曲线内、外部之间的亮度差有关,提高了分割的准确性。最后,在算法的实现过程中引入迭代停止的判别式,通过设定分割的精度可以实现迭代的自动停止,并有利于正确地分割出目标。实验结果表明,本文提出的改进C-V模型能够准确分割背景不均匀的Mura缺陷,并且具有较快的速度。     

基于SVM能量模型的改进主动轮廓图像分割算法研究

为克服经典主动轮廓模型曲线内外区域能量定义在复杂目标与背景分布情况下的不足,本文将高效的支持向量机有监督学习分类器引入基于Mumford-shah模型的主动轮廓图像分割算法中,提出了基于SVM能量模型的改进主动轮廓图像分割方法.该方法首先利用支持向量机的分类结果对于封闭曲线的内外区域分别构造了一种新的图像能量表示方法,因为分割过程充分利用了有监督学习策略,使得本文提出的算法具有更高的稳定性和更加广泛的适用范围,特别是对目标灰度分布不均或存在多纹理的目标也可以得到较好的分割结果.分割时,首先利用SVM实现粗分割得到目标初始轮廓,然后利用改进的Mumford-shah主动轮廓模型进行精确分割,采用粗分割策略一方面可以大大提高分割速度,另一方面也可以提高了算法的自动化程度.对比实验结果表明本文提出的算法具有更大灵活性和更好的分割性能.     

一种基于相对模糊连通度的交互式序列图像快速分割算法

在基于相对模糊连通度的交互式图像分割方法的基础上提出了一种序列图像分割的快速算法。对于单幅图像,新算法在保持分割精度的同时,运行速度提高了3倍。作为该算法的扩展,一方面将原算法中单目标分割推广到多目标分割,另一方面将单帧图像的分割推广到序列图像的分割,实现了复杂背景下多目标的图像分割和图像序列的批处理分割。并进行了分割结果的后处理,提取出目标的单像素宽度的光滑边缘。用人造图像和实际的医学图像和图像序列所做的测试实验取得了令人满意的分割结果。     

Geometric attraction-driven flow for image segmentation and boundary detection

Novel forces in image segmentation based on active contours models are proposed for capturing objects in the image. Contemplating the common functionality of forces in previous active contours models, we propose the geometric attraction-driven flow (GADF), the binary edge function, and the binary balloon forces to detect objects in difficult cases such as varying illumination and complex shapes. The orientation of GADF is orthogonally aligned with the boundary of object and has the opposite direction across the boundary. It prevents the leakage through weak edges of objects, which occur due to illumination. To reduce the interference from other forces, we design the binary edge function using the property of the orientation in the GADF. We also design the binary balloon force based on the four-color theorem. Combining with initial dual level set functions, the proposed model captures holes in objects and multiple junctions from different colors. The result does not depend on positions of initial contours.     

结合局部能量与改进的符号距离正则项的图像目标分割算法

针对传统C-V模型对颜色不均匀图像分割失败并且对初始轮廓和位置敏感问题,以及现有符号距离正则项存在周期性振荡和局部极值问题。该文提出结合局部能量信息和改进的符号距离正则项的图像目标分割算法。首先,将全局图像信息扩展到HSV空间,并使用局部能量项信息分析每个像素及其领域内的统计特性,从而在较少的迭代次数内有效分割颜色分布不均匀图像。其次,改进现有符号距离正则项,改进后的符号距离正则项在避免水平集函数的重新初始化的同时,提高了计算效率,保证了水平集函数演化过程的稳定性。然后,定义阈值判断法的水平集函数演化的终止准则,使曲线准确演化到目标轮廓。该算法与同类模型的对比实验表明该模型具有较高的分割精度和对初始轮廓的鲁棒性。     

基于时空曲线演化的多视频运动对象分割算法

多视频对象由于其运动的复杂性,在分割提取过程中有较大的难度.本文提出了一种基于时空曲线演化的多视频对象自动分割方法,首先根据视频序列帧间(时间域)和帧内(空间域)信息的不同特点,建立基于全局和局部特征的能量模型,并由此导出基于level sets方法的曲线演化方程;然后用视频序列的连继两帧帧差得到初始的视频对象,分别进行时间和空间曲线演化跟踪,提取多个视频对象;当对象因运动而发生相互遮挡现象时,利用基于Bayes最小错误概率决策法则的判断方法,分割遮挡对象和显露对象.实验结果表明,本文提出算法的分割效果在空间准确度上比COST211算法提高30-50%,比最佳的帧差分割算法提高5-10%.     

基于图割的单水平集迭代终止算法

针对C-V模型中变分水平集优化方法存在的最佳迭代次数难于确定,且容易陷入局部最优等不足,借鉴图割算法在较短时间内能得到全局最优的优势,提出一种基于图割的单水平集迭代终止算法.首先在目标区域设定一条初始轮廓线,采用无须重新初始化的C-V模型对轮廓线进行迭代,当轮廓线内部面积变化值小于预先给定的阈值时终止迭代,然后将此轮廓线作为图割算法的初始轮廓线进行图像分割.实验结果表明,该方法较原始C-V模型大大缩短了迭代时间,稳健性更高,具有较好的图像分割效果.     

Classification-driven watershed segmentation.

This paper presents a novel approach for creation of topographical function and object markers used within watershed segmentation. Typically, marker-driven watershed segmentation extracts seeds indicating the presence of objects or background at specific image locations. The marker locations are then set to be regional minima within the topological surface (typically, the gradient of the original input image), and the watershed algorithm is applied. In contrast, our approach uses two classifiers, one trained to produce markers, the other trained to produce object boundaries. As a result of using machine-learned pixel classification, the proposed algorithm is directly applicable to both single channel and multichannel image data. Additionally, rather than flooding the gradient image, we use the inverted probability map produced by the second aforementioned classifier as input to the watershed algorithm. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the classification-driven watershed segmentation algorithm for the tasks of 1) image-based granulometry and 2) remote sensing.     

Multi-region segmentation of SAR image by a multiphase level set approach

In this letter,a multiphase level set approach unifying region and boundary-based information for multi-region segmentation of Synthetic Aperture Radar（SAR）image is presented.An energy functional that is applicable for SAR image segmentation is defined.It consists of two terms describing the local statistic characteristics and the gradient characteristics of SAR image respectively.A multiphase level set model that explicitly describes the different regions in one image is proposed.The purpose of such a multiphase model is not only to simplify the way of denoting multi-region by level set but also to guarantee the accuracy of segmentation.According to the presented multiphase model,the curve evolution equations with respect to edge curves are deduced.The multi-region segmentation is implemented by the numeric solution of the partial differential equations.The performance of the approach is verified by both simulation and real SAR images.The experiments show that the proposed algorithm reduces the speckle effect on segmentation and increases the boundary alignment accuracy,thus correctly divides the multi-region SAR image into different homogenous regions.     

Automatic Detection of Geospatial Objects Using Multiple Hierarchical Segmentations

The object-based analysis of remotely sensed imagery provides valuable spatial and structural information that is complementary to pixel-based spectral information in classification. In this paper, we present novel methods for automatic object detection in high-resolution images by combining spectral information with structural information exploited by using image segmentation. The proposed segmentation algorithm uses morphological operations applied to individual spectral bands using structuring elements in increasing sizes. These operations produce a set of connected components forming a hierarchy of segments for each band. A generic algorithm is designed to select meaningful segments that maximize a measure consisting of spectral homogeneity and neighborhood connectivity. Given the observation that different structures appear more clearly at different scales in different spectral bands, we describe a new algorithm for unsupervised grouping of candidate segments belonging to multiple hierarchical segmentations to find coherent sets of segments that correspond to actual objects. The segments are modeled by using their spectral and textural content, and the grouping problem is solved by using the probabilistic latent semantic analysis algorithm that builds object models by learning the object-conditional probability distributions. The automatic labeling of a segment is done by computing the similarity of its feature distribution to the distribution of the learned object models using the Kullback-Leibler divergence. The performances of the unsupervised segmentation and object detection algorithms are evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively using three different data sets with comparative experiments, and the results show that the proposed methods are able to automatically detect, group, and label segments belonging to the same object classes.