上海社区糖尿病前期及糖尿病人群视网膜病变患病率及相关危险因素分析

Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) population in Shanghai Community. Methods DR screening after the epidemiologic study of metabolic syndrome in Huayang and Canyang Community , Shanghai was conducted among 1300 patients with DM or IGR during June 2005 and March 2006, Digital non-mydriatic fundus photography was performed for each eye in all subjects. Other factors, including diabetes related history, BMI, WHR, fasting plasma glucose, HbAlc, serum lipid and blood pressure were also assessed. 642 patients,312 males and 330 females, aged 65 ± 13, with complete data were enrolled into the analysis. Results The prevalence of DR was 19. 9% in the diabetic population, and the prevalence of mild, moderate, severe non-proliferative retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy was 12. 0%, 5. 1%, 2. 3% and 0. 5%, respectively; the prevalence of DR in IGR reached 8. 0%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that HbA1c level and diabetes duration were both independently associated with diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion The prevalence of DR was high in both DM and IGR population. Bad blood glucose control and long diabetes duration both increased occurrence of DR.     

上海社区糖尿病前期及糖尿病人群视网膜病变患病率及相关危险因素分析

Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) population in Shanghai Community. Methods DR screening after the epidemiologic study of metabolic syndrome in Huayang and Canyang Community , Shanghai was conducted among 1300 patients with DM or IGR during June 2005 and March 2006, Digital non-mydriatic fundus photography was performed for each eye in all subjects. Other factors, including diabetes related history, BMI, WHR, fasting plasma glucose, HbAlc, serum lipid and blood pressure were also assessed. 642 patients,312 males and 330 females, aged 65 ± 13, with complete data were enrolled into the analysis. Results The prevalence of DR was 19. 9% in the diabetic population, and the prevalence of mild, moderate, severe non-proliferative retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy was 12. 0%, 5. 1%, 2. 3% and 0. 5%, respectively; the prevalence of DR in IGR reached 8. 0%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that HbA1c level and diabetes duration were both independently associated with diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion The prevalence of DR was high in both DM and IGR population. Bad blood glucose control and long diabetes duration both increased occurrence of DR.     

上海社区糖尿病前期及糖尿病人群视网膜病变患病率及相关危险因素分析

Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) population in Shanghai Community. Methods DR screening after the epidemiologic study of metabolic syndrome in Huayang and Canyang Community , Shanghai was conducted among 1300 patients with DM or IGR during June 2005 and March 2006, Digital non-mydriatic fundus photography was performed for each eye in all subjects. Other factors, including diabetes related history, BMI, WHR, fasting plasma glucose, HbAlc, serum lipid and blood pressure were also assessed. 642 patients,312 males and 330 females, aged 65 ± 13, with complete data were enrolled into the analysis. Results The prevalence of DR was 19. 9% in the diabetic population, and the prevalence of mild, moderate, severe non-proliferative retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy was 12. 0%, 5. 1%, 2. 3% and 0. 5%, respectively; the prevalence of DR in IGR reached 8. 0%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that HbA1c level and diabetes duration were both independently associated with diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion The prevalence of DR was high in both DM and IGR population. Bad blood glucose control and long diabetes duration both increased occurrence of DR.     

上海社区糖尿病前期及糖尿病人群视网膜病变患病率及相关危险因素分析

Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) population in Shanghai Community. Methods DR screening after the epidemiologic study of metabolic syndrome in Huayang and Canyang Community , Shanghai was conducted among 1300 patients with DM or IGR during June 2005 and March 2006, Digital non-mydriatic fundus photography was performed for each eye in all subjects. Other factors, including diabetes related history, BMI, WHR, fasting plasma glucose, HbAlc, serum lipid and blood pressure were also assessed. 642 patients,312 males and 330 females, aged 65 ± 13, with complete data were enrolled into the analysis. Results The prevalence of DR was 19. 9% in the diabetic population, and the prevalence of mild, moderate, severe non-proliferative retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy was 12. 0%, 5. 1%, 2. 3% and 0. 5%, respectively; the prevalence of DR in IGR reached 8. 0%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that HbA1c level and diabetes duration were both independently associated with diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion The prevalence of DR was high in both DM and IGR population. Bad blood glucose control and long diabetes duration both increased occurrence of DR.     

上海社区糖尿病前期及糖尿病人群视网膜病变患病率及相关危险因素分析

Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) population in Shanghai Community. Methods DR screening after the epidemiologic study of metabolic syndrome in Huayang and Canyang Community , Shanghai was conducted among 1300 patients with DM or IGR during June 2005 and March 2006, Digital non-mydriatic fundus photography was performed for each eye in all subjects. Other factors, including diabetes related history, BMI, WHR, fasting plasma glucose, HbAlc, serum lipid and blood pressure were also assessed. 642 patients,312 males and 330 females, aged 65 ± 13, with complete data were enrolled into the analysis. Results The prevalence of DR was 19. 9% in the diabetic population, and the prevalence of mild, moderate, severe non-proliferative retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy was 12. 0%, 5. 1%, 2. 3% and 0. 5%, respectively; the prevalence of DR in IGR reached 8. 0%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that HbA1c level and diabetes duration were both independently associated with diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion The prevalence of DR was high in both DM and IGR population. Bad blood glucose control and long diabetes duration both increased occurrence of DR.     

上海社区糖尿病前期及糖尿病人群视网膜病变患病率及相关危险因素分析

Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) population in Shanghai Community. Methods DR screening after the epidemiologic study of metabolic syndrome in Huayang and Canyang Community , Shanghai was conducted among 1300 patients with DM or IGR during June 2005 and March 2006, Digital non-mydriatic fundus photography was performed for each eye in all subjects. Other factors, including diabetes related history, BMI, WHR, fasting plasma glucose, HbAlc, serum lipid and blood pressure were also assessed. 642 patients,312 males and 330 females, aged 65 ± 13, with complete data were enrolled into the analysis. Results The prevalence of DR was 19. 9% in the diabetic population, and the prevalence of mild, moderate, severe non-proliferative retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy was 12. 0%, 5. 1%, 2. 3% and 0. 5%, respectively; the prevalence of DR in IGR reached 8. 0%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that HbA1c level and diabetes duration were both independently associated with diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion The prevalence of DR was high in both DM and IGR population. Bad blood glucose control and long diabetes duration both increased occurrence of DR.     

上海社区糖尿病前期及糖尿病人群视网膜病变患病率及相关危险因素分析

Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) population in Shanghai Community. Methods DR screening after the epidemiologic study of metabolic syndrome in Huayang and Canyang Community , Shanghai was conducted among 1300 patients with DM or IGR during June 2005 and March 2006, Digital non-mydriatic fundus photography was performed for each eye in all subjects. Other factors, including diabetes related history, BMI, WHR, fasting plasma glucose, HbAlc, serum lipid and blood pressure were also assessed. 642 patients,312 males and 330 females, aged 65 ± 13, with complete data were enrolled into the analysis. Results The prevalence of DR was 19. 9% in the diabetic population, and the prevalence of mild, moderate, severe non-proliferative retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy was 12. 0%, 5. 1%, 2. 3% and 0. 5%, respectively; the prevalence of DR in IGR reached 8. 0%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that HbA1c level and diabetes duration were both independently associated with diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion The prevalence of DR was high in both DM and IGR population. Bad blood glucose control and long diabetes duration both increased occurrence of DR.     

上海社区糖尿病前期及糖尿病人群视网膜病变患病率及相关危险因素分析

Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) population in Shanghai Community. Methods DR screening after the epidemiologic study of metabolic syndrome in Huayang and Canyang Community , Shanghai was conducted among 1300 patients with DM or IGR during June 2005 and March 2006, Digital non-mydriatic fundus photography was performed for each eye in all subjects. Other factors, including diabetes related history, BMI, WHR, fasting plasma glucose, HbAlc, serum lipid and blood pressure were also assessed. 642 patients,312 males and 330 females, aged 65 ± 13, with complete data were enrolled into the analysis. Results The prevalence of DR was 19. 9% in the diabetic population, and the prevalence of mild, moderate, severe non-proliferative retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy was 12. 0%, 5. 1%, 2. 3% and 0. 5%, respectively; the prevalence of DR in IGR reached 8. 0%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that HbA1c level and diabetes duration were both independently associated with diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion The prevalence of DR was high in both DM and IGR population. Bad blood glucose control and long diabetes duration both increased occurrence of DR.     

上海社区糖尿病前期及糖尿病人群视网膜病变患病率及相关危险因素分析

Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) population in Shanghai Community. Methods DR screening after the epidemiologic study of metabolic syndrome in Huayang and Canyang Community , Shanghai was conducted among 1300 patients with DM or IGR during June 2005 and March 2006, Digital non-mydriatic fundus photography was performed for each eye in all subjects. Other factors, including diabetes related history, BMI, WHR, fasting plasma glucose, HbAlc, serum lipid and blood pressure were also assessed. 642 patients,312 males and 330 females, aged 65 ± 13, with complete data were enrolled into the analysis. Results The prevalence of DR was 19. 9% in the diabetic population, and the prevalence of mild, moderate, severe non-proliferative retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy was 12. 0%, 5. 1%, 2. 3% and 0. 5%, respectively; the prevalence of DR in IGR reached 8. 0%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that HbA1c level and diabetes duration were both independently associated with diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion The prevalence of DR was high in both DM and IGR population. Bad blood glucose control and long diabetes duration both increased occurrence of DR.     

Prevalence of stroke and metabolic disorders in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese with type 2 diabetes

Background Stroke is now the most prevalent and debilitating disease affecting diabetic population in China. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of stroke and metabolic disorders in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese with type 2 diabetes. Methods A total of 4 629 subjects with type 2 diabetes （males： 1 917; females： 2 712） aged ≥ 40 years from Shijingshan district, Beijing, China from November 2011 to August 2012 were included in the study. Data on demographic information, lifestyle, history of diabetes mellitus, stroke, coronary heart disease, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were collected. The oral glucose tolerance test or a standard meal test was performed. Non-fatal stroke was reported by the subjects. The 2-tailed test was used, and P 〈0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results Prevalence of stroke in the subjects with type 2 diabetes was 5.5%. The prevalence of smoking, overweight or obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia was 41.0%, 65.8%, 67.4%, and 52.0% in males, and 2.2%, 65.5%, 69.5%, and 57.6% in females. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that increased age, hypertension, diabetic duration, and overweight or obesity were positively correlated with stroke in the population with type 2 diabetes, whereas high- density lipoprotein cholesterol level was negatively correlated with stroke. After adjustment for age and gender, the odds ratio values of stroke in subjects having 1,2 or ≥3 of 4 risk factors, including smoking, overweight or obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia, were 2.302 （95% CI： 0.789-6.712）, 4.089 （95% CI： 1.470-11.373）, 6.023 （95% CI： 2.176-16.666）, compared with subjects without any of the above 4 risk factors. Conclusions The prevalence of stroke was higher in middle-aged and eldedy Chinese with type 2 diabetes than that in the general population. With the aggregation of risk factors, the prevalence of stroke increased.     

糖尿病慢性并发症与糖尿病治疗关系的调查

调查糖尿病并发症检出率及饮食和药物治疗满意度。方法采取预约、集中检查的方式，对糖尿病患者进行有关糖尿病、眼科、肾内科、神经内科、心内科等方面的临床和生化检查及饮食和药物治疗情况调查。结果６２６例糖尿病患者主要并发症及合并症检出率依次为：高血压（４９．６％）、神经病变（４６．５％）、视网膜病变（３７．０％）、缺血性心脏病（２５．４％）、蛋白尿（２２．８％）、脑梗塞（１２．３％）、足坏疽（１．０％）。约一半的患者血糖控制不满意。２４％、４８％和５９％的患者有高胆固醇、高甘油三酯血症和低高密度脂蛋白血症。一半患者不能控制饮食。４０％的患者尽管血糖高而未能遵医嘱治疗。１２７例新确诊的糖尿病患者中分别有１９．６％、１７．８％和４２．５％的患者已有糖尿病视网膜病变、蛋白尿和神经病变。结论本组糖尿病患者确诊较迟，并发症及合并症检出率高，高血糖、高血脂、高血压得到控制者较少。饮食和降糖治疗的顺从性差。患者对糖尿病并发症或合并症的知晓率低。     

Tribble3与糖尿病大鼠心肌病变的相关性研究

目的:探讨TRB3(Tribble3)在糖尿病大鼠心肌组织中的表达及与心肌细胞凋亡和间质纤维化的相关性.方法:24只SD雄性大鼠随机分对照组12只,糖尿病组12只.建立糖尿病大鼠模型,成模8周后,检测空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白,HE染色观察心肌组织病理改变,Masson染色观察心肌组织间质胶原含量,Tunel观察心肌细胞凋...     

2型糖尿病患者角膜神经病变与视网膜病变的关系

目的 探讨2型糖尿病患者的角膜神经病变与视网膜病变的关系。方法 选取2017年3月至2019年8月于我院就诊的2型糖尿病伴或不伴糖尿病视网膜病变患者58例（58眼）作为研究对象（病例组）,其中无明显糖尿病视网膜病变（NDR）患者16例（16眼）、非增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变（NPDR）患者21例（21眼）、增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变（PDR）患者21例（21眼）。以无糖尿病且年龄相仿的健康人15例（15眼）作为对照（健康对照组）。病例组和健康对照组均进行角膜共聚焦显微镜检查,对所得图像进行量化分析,比较各组角膜神经纤维长度（CNFL）、角膜神经纤维主干密度（CNFD）及角膜神经纤维分支密度（CNBD）。结果 与健康对照组比较,病例组中NDR、NPDR和PDR患者的CNFL、CNFD、CNBD均下降（P均<0.01）。病例组中,随着糖尿病视网膜病变病情进展,CNFL、CNFD逐步降低（P<0.01,P<0.05）;CNBD在NDR患者与NPDR患者间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,PDR患者CNBD低于NDR和NPDR患者（P<0.01,P<0.05）。结论 在角膜共聚焦显微镜下,2型糖尿病患者的角膜神经纤维存在损害,它的出现早于糖尿病视网膜病变,并且与糖尿病视网膜病变程度存在相关性,可为糖尿病视网膜病变的诊断、治疗提供指导。     

糖尿病视网膜病变与糖尿病肾病关系的研究

目的本研究探讨了2型糖尿病患者糖尿病肾脏病变(diabetic nephropathy,DN)与视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)之间的相关性。方法本研究的患者为无糖尿病视网膜病变(non-diabetic retinopathy,NDR)或增殖期视网膜病变(proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR)的2型糖尿病患者。根据8 h尿微量白蛋白排泄率(urinary albumin excretion rate,UAER)将患者分为3组:A组:UAER<20μg/min,B组:UAER为20～200μg/min;C组:UAER>200μg/min,A组病人共169人,其中NDR 53人,PDR 116人;B组病人共76人,其中NDR 37人,PDR 39人;C组病人共66人,其中NDR 40人,PDR 26人。比较各亚组间肾小球滤过率差异。结果根据目前推荐的MDRD简化公式:估算肾小球滤过率(estimated glomerular filtration rate,eGFR)=186×(SCr)-1.154×(Age)-0.203×(0.742女性),计算出肾小球滤过率,进行3组中各亚组间对比发现,PDR亚组eGFR均较NDR亚组eGFR降低。其中B组和C组PDR亚组与NDR亚组eGFR比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变的出现,能够预测肾功能损伤程度,但其与尿微量白蛋白排泄率相关性不大。原因与微量白蛋白尿作为DN诊断生物标志物的特异性较差有关。     

2型糖尿病患者蛋白尿与糖尿病视网膜病变的相关性研究

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者蛋白尿与糖尿病视网膜病变发病率的关系。方法将2010年3月-2013年2月我院2型糖尿病患者70例分为观察组（蛋白尿组）与对照组（无蛋白尿组）各35例,均给予眼底检查,观察两组患者视网膜病变的发生情况。结果观察纽发生糖尿病视网膜病变的比例明显高于对照组（P〈005）。结论2型糖尿病患者蛋白尿与糖尿病视网膜病变存在明显相关,伴有蛋白尿的2型糖尿病患者发生视网膜病变具有较高的风险性。     

糖尿病患者糖尿病足认知调查与高危筛查

目的：了解糖尿病患者对糖尿病足的认知情况,并进行糖尿病足高危筛查。方法：对120例2型糖尿病患者分别行糖尿病足认知调查和高危筛查,并分析患者对糖尿病足认知情况。结果：患者对糖尿病足相关知识的认知率为63.3%,对足部护理与选鞋方法的知晓率为45.0%;病程≥10年的患者对糖尿病足相关知识认知率及足部护理与选鞋方法的知晓率与〈10年患者相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。受试患者左下肢踝肱指数异常发生率21.7%,高于右下肢11.7%（P〈0.05）;左下肢振动阈值高风险发生率26.7%,右下肢16.7%,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：临床应注意通过健康教育提高糖尿病患者对糖尿病足的认知程度,并注意积极筛查高危症状以早期发现病变,并加强临床预防以降低糖尿病足的发生率。     

Vascular change in the placenta of diabetic mothers and hypertensive diabetic mothers

Pregnancy complicated by diabetes and/or hypertension is a significant medical problem not only affecting maternal health, but also jeopardizing fetal normalcy. The placenta being the bridge between maternal fetal activity, this structure is considered as a window through which understanding of maternal dysfunctions as well as of their impacts on fetal wellbeing can be obtained. And as it is an almost all-vessel organ, its functional status depends primarily on the structural status of its vessels. To observe vascular changes in the placenta, a study was carried out on 44 placentas.19 from overt diabetic mothers having no hypertension and 5 from hypertensive diabetic mothers, and 20 from control group having no hypertension or diabetes. These were collected just after delivery though caesarian section. Macroscopic findings of the study was that there was a trend of increase weight, volume and number of cotyledons in overt diabetes group, where as the in the hypertensive diabetes group was the opposite. But none of these levels has reached a significant level. For all these variables, the hypertensive diabetes group had smaller values than the overt diabetes group, significantly so for the number of cotyledons. The placental diameter was non-significantly larger in the overt diabetes group than in the control group, but a smaller than control value was found in the hypertensive diabetes group. Although neonatal weight did not show any significant change in either group, but in overt diabetes group, it showed a significant positive correlation with placental weight.     

2型糖尿病患者血清血管性血友病因子、血小板活化因子水平与糖尿病肾病的关系

目的 探讨2型糖尿病患者尿微量白蛋白(UALB)、血管性血友病因子(vWF)、血小板活化因子(PAF)变化及临床意义。方法 研究对象分5组:糖尿病肾病患者(A组),2型糖尿病无肾病并发症患者(B组)、糖耐量受损者(C组)、糖耐量正常的2型糖尿病患者一级亲属(D组)、无2型糖尿病家族史糖耐量正常受试者(E组),每组30例,分别检测UALB、vWF、PAF水平,并进行统计分析。结果 A组UALB、PAF含量明显高于其他4组(P<0.01),其他4组间UALB、PAF差异无显著性(P>0.05);A组vWF含量与B、C、D组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论 2型糖尿病微血管并发症患者存在肾功能损害和血小板活化,两者变化同步,提示其血管损伤与PAF含量升高有关。     

Thiazides and hypokalaemia in diabetic ketoacidosis

In a series of forty-one episodes of diabetic coma or pre-coma, three patients had plasma potassium values of less than 3.0 mEq/l. All three had been taking thiazide diuretics with only one receiving oral potassium supplements. None was previously known to be diabetic, representing 18% of the new diabetics in the series. The mean plasma potassium for the other new diabetics was 4·7 ± 0·2 mEq/l. These findings emphasize that adequate potassium supplements should be given with thiazide diuretics to diabetic subjects and to those with an increased risk of developing the disease.     

糖尿病患者白蛋白尿与血管病变的关系

研究了２１７例糖尿病患者不同尿蛋白排出率与血管病变的相关关系。结果显示：ＵＡＥ水平与血压、冠心病、糖尿病视网膜病变，肾功能以及血胆固醇、年龄，病程有关。提示ＵＡＥ增高，不仅是诊断ＤＭ肾病的重要依据，也可能反映了ＤＭ患者大，微血管病变的广泛性。