JDN-Ⅱ熔剂对A356合金熔体的净化作用与机制

研究了一种低熔点玻璃熔剂——JDN-Ⅱ熔剂．试验结果表明，JDN-Ⅱ熔剂特别适用于高温A356合金熔体的覆盖保护和净化．当JDN—Ⅱ熔剂的加入量ω=0．03时，对A356合金有着覆盖保护和净化的明显效果：当熔体温度t=857℃时，铝熔体的氢含量C仅为2．6μL／g；当t=-750μ时，C降至0．7μL／g．文中还考察了该种玻璃熔剂的净化作用机制．     

新型细化剂AlTiBRE中间合金的纯净化处理效果研究

采用铝熔体熔剂净化技术对Al5Ti1B0.5RE中间合金细化剂熔体进行净化处理试验,优化出合适的排杂熔剂及其处理工艺,并采用OM、SEM、EDAX等进行夹杂物及细化相粒子的存在形态和成分分析.结果表明,XHJ1熔剂的净化效果好,与未净化的相比,除杂率达82.4%.当XHJ1熔剂加入量2%,处理温度750℃时细化剂中含杂量少,夹杂物数量也少、尺寸细小且弥散分布.有效的净化对改善细化剂中细化相粒子的分布形态起重要作用,即经净化后细化相粒子TiAl3分布更为均匀且多呈细小块状、平均尺寸11.16μm,TiB2相粒子呈疏松状均匀分布、平均尺寸3.28μm,此外还揭示了其改善的原因.     

JDN-II熔剂对A 356合金熔体的净化作用与机制

研究了一种低熔点玻璃熔剂——JDN-II熔剂.试验结果表明,JDN-II熔剂特别适用于高温A 356合金熔体的覆盖保护和净化.当JDN-II熔剂的加入量w=0.03时,对A 356合金有着覆盖保护和净化的明显效果:当熔体温度t=857°C时,铝熔体的氢含量C仅为2.6μL/g;当t=750°C时,C降至0.7μL/g.文中还考察了该种玻璃熔剂的净化作用机制.     

熔体温度处理细化亚共晶Al-Si合金组织

利用正交试验的方法对熔体温度处理细化亚共晶Al-Si合金的凝固组织进行了研究，结果表明，经过熔体温度处理后，凝固组织中一次枝晶尺寸明显减小，长的树枝晶变为短的树枝晶或等轴晶，并且枝晶数量明显增多；二次枝晶臂间距变化不明显，从原子团簇的角度分析认为，这是由于高，低温熔体混合后，低温熔体中大的原子团簇得到细化，从而导致混合熔体中形核质点增殖的结果，研究同时发现，高，低温熔体的混合方式对熔体温度处理效果有直接影响，熔体的均匀混合有利于增大熔体凝固过冷度，减小临界晶核半径，促进凝固组织的细化。     

稀土熔剂对铝熔体的覆盖保护作用

分别采用稀土JDN-I熔剂、C2Cl6和市售三合一熔剂B对A00纯铝熔体进行净化,获得各种熔剂膜．通过对上述熔剂膜进行扫描电镜、电子探针、能谱、X射线、X射线荧光等测试和分析得知,稀土熔剂在对铝熔体的净化过程中产生两层保护膜,接触铝熔体的内层由新型的条状纤维组织编织成,致密、韧性很好;接触空气的外层则完全由结晶态物质构成．而其他熔剂膜则没有上述特点．因而,稀土熔剂对纯铝熔体具有覆盖保护和降低熔损的作用．     

Pb-15%Sb过共晶合金的深过冷及快速凝固

采用熔剂净化深过冷和洁净容器快速凝固方法,研究了Pb-15%Sb过共晶合金在不同凝固条件下的组织演变.在熔剂净化条件下,随着凝固过冷度△T的增大,初生相Sb的组织形貌由尖角块状向树枝晶转变并不断细化,Sb的宏观偏析减弱,实验测得的最大过冷度为73K;在洁净容器快速凝固条件下,计算获得的最大过冷度为196.2K,初生相Sb的结晶被完全抑制,凝固组织发生了完全的共生生长,出现了快速凝固超细化组织.     

施振功率与温度对工业纯铝凝固组织的影响

在工业纯铝的凝固过程中引入超声场,探讨了超声细化晶粒的机理,并具体研究了超声功率、导入声波的熔体温度区间对铸锭凝固组织的影响规律. 实验结果表明:铝熔体经超声处理后,凝固组织均得到显著细化,这主要取决于超声的空化效应和声流效应;超声功率增大时,组织细化程度提高,功率达到170W时细化效果最好,继续增大功率则细化作用减弱;施振温度区间对凝固组织的影响也有相似的规律,在合理的温度导入声波,晶粒能细化到最佳程度.     

用于纯铝高效净化的熔剂及其效果研究

探讨了工业纯铝中去除夹杂的高效活性熔剂及其处理工艺和净化效果．结果表明：采用特定的熔剂、适当的加入量与熔炼温度,在一定的工艺条件下,除杂率可达～７０％、针孔率降低幅度约可达７０％～８８％．     

排杂熔剂对Al-Mn-Mg合金的净化效果试验

在找出适于高性能铝合金熔剂组成的基础上,通过正交试验,进一步优化出适于Al-Mn-Mg合金的最佳处理工艺,并与常规熔剂处理进行比较,探讨了其净化效果的差异.结果表明,最佳处理工艺为:RJ2熔剂、加入量为3%,净化处理温度为700℃,熔剂加入方式为在原材料刚开始熔化时加入.与未处理相比,最佳处理工艺使Al-Mn-Mg合金的含杂量减少52.8%,抗拉强度提高5.9%,伸长率提高36.4%.     

Sb对Mg-Al-Si合金组织的影响

采用熔剂保护熔铸了不同成分的Mg-Al-Si合金及Mg-Al-Si-Sb合金,并对合金进行显微组织分析。结果表明:Mg-AlSi合金组织为α-Mg相和β-Mg17Al12相及初晶Mg_2Si相,且初晶Mg_2Si相随着Si的增加而增加。Sb的添加有效细化了粗大块状Mg_2Si相和a-Mg相,当Sb含量为1.5%时,初晶Mg_2Si相完全细化成颗粒,当Sb含量大于1.5%时,初晶Mg_2Si相出现粗大现象。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to