Autobiographical Accounts of Students' Experiences Learning Mathematics: A Review

ABSTRACT

In this article, we review published literature that draws on autobiographical accounts of students' experiences learning mathematics. We summarize the main findings of the target literature and present recommendations for further research that will extend this field. Our review indicates that autobiographical and narrative methodological approaches have the potential to occasion important advances in our knowledge of students' experiences learning mathematics. However, relative to accounts of preservice teacher learning, there is a paucity of published research that documents the mathematics learning experiences of kindergarten to Grade 12 students.     

Review Article A review of multi-channel indices of class separability

Abstract

An increasingly common question arising in processing digital multi-channel data from spacecraft and aircraft scanner systems is “which channels contain the best information to separate the classes of interest to the user?”. This may be to identify the best single channel for separating classes in a black and white photographic or line printer output product, or the best three channels for a colour photographic presentation of the data, or the best ‘n’ channels to enter into a classification (being mindful of the ‘trade off’ between improved sub-class separability and increasing usage of computer space and time resources). The only valid way to approach separability using more than one channel is to consider it in multi-channel space utilizing the inter-channel relationship terms. Having defined the classes using some form of hierarchical ordering approach, such as that proposed by Anderson et al. (1972), the user may compile the statistical profiles of the classes of interest from the sensor multi-channel data. Based on these statistics a number of multi-channel separability indices may be derived. Each of these indices quantifies, on the basis of the user-defined multi-channel statistics, the degree of inter-class separability the user can expect as a function of subsets of channels drawn from the overall sensor channel set. This review considers some of the more common multi-channel indices of separability and presents the links between them. Their various properties, and some limitations, are also presented as is an operational approach to their use.     

需求管理工具在需求工程中的作用

给出了软件需求工程的概念并阐述了软件需求工程的主要组成内容,对市场流行的软件需求管理工具的特点和作用进行了介绍和比较,并对软件需求管理工具的发展方向作出预测。     

高职《常用工具软件》课程的教学体会

《常用工具软件》课程是一门非计算机专业的高职学生的通识课。本文根据作者多年的教学经验从课程教学软件的选取、教学方法的采用等方面阐述了自己的一点教学体会。     

Socially Assistive Robots in Elderly Care: A Mixed-Method Systematic Literature Review

The world’s population is aging, and developed countries are engaged in developing a new aged-care paradigm to reduce spiraling healthcare costs. Assistive technologies like Socially Assistive Robots (SAR) are being considered as enablers to support the process of care giving or keep elderly at home longer. This article reports a mixed-method systematic review of SAR in elderly care and recognizes its impact on elderly well-being, integrating evidence from qualitative and quantitative studies. It follows the principles explained in Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and classifies interventions, measures, and outcomes of field trials of SAR in elderly care. Eighty-six studies in 37 study groups have been included. The findings imply positive effects of SAR on elderly well-being. Ten significant recommendations are made to help avoid the current limitations of existing research and to improve future research and its applicability. This review revealed that SAR can potentially enhance elderly well-being and decrease the workload on caregivers. There is a need for rigorous research methodology, person-centered care, caregiver expectation model, multimodal interaction, multimodal data collection, and modeling of culturally diverse groups to facilitate acceptability of SAR.     

eHealth and Health Literacy: A Research Methodology Review

The development of e‐health may provide powerful tools to improve health, but users' health literacy plays a role in their ability to make the most of e‐health applications. This study reviewed research focused on e‐health and health literacy, using content analysis to assess 95 articles from 2000 to 2010 to provide an overview of work done in this emerging field. Articles were coded for use of theory, research methods, and clarity of reporting study results. Findings indicate a lack of theory‐driven design and evaluation of e‐health applications, low use of established general health literacy measures, and interdisciplinary work with somewhat limited contributions by communication scholars. Implications for advancing this field of research are discussed.     

Review Article Hyperspectral geological remote sensing: evaluation of analytical techniques

Improvements in optical remote sensing spectral resolution and increased data volumes necessitates the development of improved techniques for quantitative geological analysis. Laboratory spectral studies indicate that absorption band positions, depths and widths are correlated with diagnostic physicochemical mineral properties such as composition and abundance. Most current analytical techniques are incapable of providing comprehensive quantitative analysis of hyperspectral geological remote sensing data. Factors which must be considered for hyperspectral remote sensing campaigns include spectral resolution, analytical technique, band pass positions and spatial resolution. In many cases the volume of data required to address specific issues can be reduced through intelligent selection of band passes and analytical techniques.     

农村信用社计算机网络的设计与实现

给出了一个计算机网络解决方案,具有“经济、安全”等特点,符合当前农村基层信用社的实际应用需求,对经济欠发达地区农村信用社构建计算机网络系统具有较大的指导意义。     

YH-ITM中数据缓冲部件的设计与实现

智能工具机ＹＨ－ＩＴＭ是一个基于ＲＩＳＣ、支持多种人工智能语言和传统Ｃ语言的通用智能计算机系统。数据缓冲部件ＤＢＵ是该系统中的一个重要组成部分。本文论述了ＤＢＵ的功能、结构、工作状态、对多处理机环境及对Ｐｒｏｌｏｇ的支持，以及对各类访问的处理。     

如何利用SOA集成连锁企业遗留系统

现代连锁业面临的信息壁垒近年来,随着连锁业的发展环境和条件逐渐成熟,行业规模不断壮大,信息化也同步发展。目前,连锁业是信息化水平较高的行业之一,也是非常关注信息化的行业之一。当代的连锁管理日益重视整体协调,提倡连锁有机体内的系统信息交互和企业信息流的顺畅。     

StarTrack: The Next Generation (of Product Review Management Tools)

Online product reviews are increasingly being recognized as a gold mine of information for determining product and brand positioning, and more and more companies look for ways of digging this gold mine for nuggets of knowledge that they can then bring to bear in decision making. We present a software system, called StarTrack, that automatically rates a product review according to a number of “stars,” i.e., according to how positive it is. In other words, given a text-only review (i.e., one with no explicit star-rating attached), StarTrack attempts to guess the star-rating that the reviewer would have attached to the review. StarTrack is thus useful for analysing unstructured word-of-mouth on products, such as the comments and reviews about products that are to be found in spontaneous discussion forums, such as newsgroups, blogs, and the like. StarTrack is based on machine learning technology, and as such does not require any re-programming for porting it from one product domain to another. Based on the star-ratings it attributes to reviews, StarTrack can subsequently rank the products in a given set according to how favourably they have been reviewed by consumers. We present controlled experiments in which we evaluate, on two large sets of product reviews crawled from the Web, the accuracy of StarTrack at (i) star-rating reviews, and (ii) ranking the reviewed products based on the automatically attributed star-ratings.     

复杂实时系统可调度性判定工具的研究与实现

针对包含多处理器、多分区结构的复杂实时系统存在的可调度性判定问题,提出一种基于仿真方法的任务集可调度性判定工具。通过设定时钟变量模拟任务调度过程,依据纯周期任务集的特性确定仿真区间,调用优化的判定算法,判定任务集的可调度性。测试结果及实例分析表明,该工具能自动、准确、快速地判定任务集的可调度性,并以甘特图的方式绘制任务调度过程,较现有工具更为高效、直观。     

Speak-Correct: A Computerized Interface for the Analysis of Mispronounced Errors

Any natural language may have dozens of accents. Even though the equivalent phonemic formation of the word, if it is properly called in different accents, humans do have audio signals that are distinct from one another. Among the most common issues with speech, the processing is discrepancies in pronunciation, accent, and enunciation. This research study examines the issues of detecting, fixing, and summarising accent defects of average Arabic individuals in English-speaking speech. The article then discusses the key approaches and structure that will be utilized to address both accent flaws and pronunciation issues. The proposed SpeakCorrect computerized interface employs a cutting-edge speech recognition system and analyses pronunciation errors with a speech decoder. As a result, some of the most essential types of changes in pronunciation that are significant for speech recognition are performed, and accent defects defining such differences are presented. Consequently, the suggested technique increases the Speaker’s accuracy. SpeakCorrect uses 100 h of phonetically prepared individuals to construct a pronunciation instruction repository. These prerecorded sets are used to train Hidden Markov Models (HMM) as well as weighted graph systems. Their speeches are quite clear and might be considered natural. The proposed interface is optimized for use with an integrated phonetic pronounced dataset, as well as for analyzing and identifying speech faults in Saudi and Egyptian dialects. The proposed interface detects, analyses, and assists English learners in correcting utterance faults, overcoming problems, and improving their pronunciations.     

基于Android系统的GTD效率工具设计与实现

介绍了一种个性化的时间管理工具。该时间管理软件以GTD思想进行设计,运行在Android移动终端,实现了与服务器的数据进行传递与分享。通过对时间与地点的监控,及时进行提醒,实现了高效率的时间管理。     

面向MATLAB神经网络工具箱的图象数据融合算法及实现

采用了ＢＰ神经网络对某岛屿的５幅不同波段的ＳＡＲ图象进行融合处理，以便能够获得更为清楚的图象。因神网络的运算涉及大量的矩阵运算，所以采用了ＭＡＴＬＡＢ这一平台来构造ＢＰ神经网络，取得了良好的效果。实验表明，采用的ＢＰ神经网络的图象数据融合的算法及程序设计是有效的，并有广泛适用性。     

Snapshots of Mixtures of Affective Experiences in a Day: Findings from the Health and Retirement Study

In 2009, a representative subsample of participants in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS: N?=?5333; Age 50–101) responded to a short day reconstruction self-administered questionnaire that asked about their time and experiences on seven activities the previous day. We evaluate the quality and reliability of responses to this 10-min measure of experienced well-being and compare the properties and correlates of three intensity-based composites reflecting mixtures of activity-linked affective experiences (Activity-Positive Affect, Activity-Negative Affect, and Net Affect), and a frequency-based index, Activity Affective Complexity, that summarizes the proportion of activities that include a mixture of positive and negative affective experiences regardless of intensity. On average, older adults reported that 36 % of the activities in their day provided some mixture of feelings (e.g., interested and frustrated). Regression models revealed differential associations for the four constructs of affective well-being with socio-demographic factors, physical and mental health, and proximal indicators of the day’s context. We conclude that the HRS short day reconstruction measure is reliable and discuss the conceptual issues in assessing, summarizing, and interpreting the complexity of emotional experience in older adults.     

Construction and Implementation of General Linear Methods for Ordinary Differential Equations: A Review

It it the purpose of this paper to review the results on the construction and implementation of diagonally implicit multistage integration methods for ordinary differential equations. The systematic approach to the construction of these methods with Runge–Kutta stability is described. The estimation of local discretization error for both explicit and implicit methods is discussed. The other implementations issues such as the construction of continuous extensions, stepsize and order changing strategy, and solving the systems of nonlinear equations which arise in implicit schemes are also addressed. The performance of experimental codes based on these methods is briefly discussed and compared with codes from Matlab ordinary differential equation (ODE) suite. The recent work on general linear methods with inherent Runge–Kutta stability is also briefly discussed