IPoverSDH技术

Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ的迅猛发展，带来了人们对网络带宽的需求，为了在骨干网上快速传输多媒体业务，有效地利用现有网络结构，就需要构造乘法高效、易于升级的现代网络，ＩＰｏｖｅｒＳＤＨ作为Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ主干网解决方案之一，备受人们的关注。     

CHINANET—中国Internet骨干网简介

ＣＨＩＮＡＮＥＴ──中国Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ骨干网简介邮电部数据通信局梁志平，万军ＣＨＩＮＡＮＥＴ是邮电部门经营管理的中国公用Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ网，是中国的Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ骨干网。ＣＨＩＮＡＮＥＴ于１９９５年４月开通，向社会提供服务。通过ＣＨＩＮＡＮＥＴ的...     

新一代骨干网的核心-高端路由器

九十年代以来 ,Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ以惊人的速度迅速扩展 ,骨干网上的Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ业务量每 6～ 9个月翻一番 ,远远超过摩尔定律每 18个月翻一番的速度。为了适应数据业务量超过话音的发展趋势 ,适应客户 -服务器应用方式引起的网络流量分布变化以及ＩＰ业务特有的自相似性和收发不对称性 ,各国都在探索和试验可持续发展的新一代公用网。新一代公用网最基本的特征是对ＩＰ业务优化的宽带分组网 ,由骨干网和接入网组成 ,骨干网是网络核心 ,严重制约着整个网络的服务质量。因此 ,骨干网成为技术发展最活跃、设备更新最快的领域。未来骨干网…     

ATM是未来宽带骨干网的基础

ＡＴＭ技术自从８０年代末问世以来，因无“杀手”应用，发展一直比较缓慢，而Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ却“异军突起”，向电信界发起冲击，文章通过介绍未来的宽带Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ的样板Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ２与ｖＢＮＳ以及ＩＰ与ＡＴＭ的结合趋势，论述了ＡＴＭ是未来宽带骨干网的基础。现在，Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ将成为ＡＴＭ业务全面展开的主要动力，用ＡＴｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ构造Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ骨干网已成为发展方向。将来，只有把ＡＴＭ的巨     

“核心路由器”项目研发纪实—863高速信息示范网项目

ＩＰ技术在Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ网络上获得的巨大成功,奠定了基于ＩＰ技术的网络在各类通信网络中的主导地位。Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ近年来的迅猛发展使得网络的宽带化和高速化需求越来越迫切,为此各国网络界纷纷提出了高性能ＩＰ骨干网方案,建设下一代Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ。国家高技术研究发展（８６３）计划,以其敏锐的洞察力把握住关键时机,及时地提出了我国自己的下一代骨干网方案──“中国高速信息示范网（ＣＡＩＮＯＮＥＴ）”,核心路由器（ＣＲ）是该项目得以实现的重大研究课题之一。 为了满足ＣＡＩＮＯＮＥＴ总体组提出的关于核心路…     

中国公用计算机互联网CHINANET

ＣＨＩＮＡＮＥＴ是国际互联网(Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ)在中国的延伸,是由邮电部经营管理的基于Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ网络技术的中国公用Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ网,是中国的Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ骨干网。它通过灵活地接入Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ,使ＣＨＩＮＡＮＥＴ成为国际Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ网的一部分,享用Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ的丰富资源和各种服务。1　ＣＨＩＮＡＮＥＴ的构成ＣＨＩＮＡＮＥＴ的网络组织采用开放式网络连接和管理办法,网络由核心层、用户接入层和网络管理中心组成,如图1所示。图1　核心层的作用主要是提供国内高速中继通道,并与用户接入层连接,同时负…     

信息高速公路雏形的规模与分布

本文介绍除为现阶段信息高速公路雏形的Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ骨干网的演进，并从历史发展的观战着重点 评述了Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ的规模与分布情况。     

中国Internet骨干网──CHINANET投产运行

中国Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ骨干网──ＣＨＩＮＡＮＥＴ投产运行北京市电信管理局副总工程师高星忠由邮电部门经营管理的中国公用互连网（ＣＨＩＮＡＮＥＴ）是中国的Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ骨干网，已于１９９５年５月投产运行，向社会各界提供服务。通过ＣＨＩＮＡＮＥＴ可以灵活方...     

Internet Telephony的现状及其发展

ｎｔｅｒｎｅｔＴｅｌｅｐｈｏｎｙ的中文译名为因特网电话，它使用Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ的骨干网作为语音传输的媒介，是一种全新的Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ多媒体技术，文章简要介绍了ＩｎｔｅｒｎｅｔＴｅｌｅｐｈｏｎｙ技术的特点、发展历程及其独特的优势，并展望了它未来发展的方向。     

SDH／Sonet上直接传送IP

随着Ｉｔｅｒｎｅｔ业务量的迅猛增长，Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ骨干网需要重新设计以具备高速、可扩展性、安全性和适应多类型业务的特点。自１９９７年下半年ＳＤＨ／Ｓｏｎｅｔ上直接传送ＩＰ技术以来，受到了不少公司的青睐。像Ｓｐｒｉｎｔ，ＧＴＥＩｎｔｅｒｎｅｔｗｏｒｋｉｎｇ，Ｑｗｅｓｔ这样的著名通信公司以及像ＵＵＮｅｔ这样的大型Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ业务提供者都已宣布要建立全国范围的ＳＤＨ／Ｓｏｎｅｔ上直接传送ＩＰ骨干网     

利用NetFlow技术构建网络异常监测及分析系统

随着互联网的不断普及,网络已经跟人们的日常生活密不可分,使用者在享受网络所带来的便利的同时,网络上的许多问题也陆续衍生而出,运营商网络正面临着日益严重的安全威胁.作为网络管理者,如何迅速有效地监测网络异常情况,同时准确地掌握整个网络的业务流量模型,供市场部门作决策分析,已成为一项重要的课题.介绍了利用NetFlow技术,构建网络异常监测及分析系统,利用本系统可随时监测网络运行情况,以达到网络稳定顺畅运作及节省经费、人力的目的.     

新一代的因特网--光因特网

光因特网是新一代的因特网，是网络发展的重要动向。本文从为什么会提出光因特网着手，介绍了什么是光因特网，其网络结构和帧结构，还分析了光因特网的好处。     

Modeling Internet backbone traffic at the flow level

Our goal is to design a traffic model for noncongested Internet backbone links, which is simple enough to be used in network operation, while being as general as possible. The proposed solution is to model the traffic at the flow level by a Poisson shot-noise process. In our model, a flow is a generic notion that must be able to capture the characteristics of any kind of data stream. We analyze the accuracy of the model with real traffic traces collected on the Sprint Internet protocol (IP) backbone network. Despite its simplicity, our model provides a good approximation of the real traffic observed in the backbone and of its variation. Finally, we discuss the application of our model to network design and dimensioning.     

基于SDN的互联网域间路由研究

互联网流量的爆发式增长,叠加互联网流量固有的突发性特点,使得网络流量不均衡现象日益加剧。传统BGP协议由于缺乏全网拓扑和全局流量观,只能遵循标准BGP选路原则,在解决流量调度和负载均衡方面存在不足。针对BGP协议存在的局限性,研发了基于RR+的互联网骨干网流量调度系统,并应用于ChinaNet骨干网的网内中继、网间互联出口、IDC出口等多个流量优化场景。更进一步地,提出了一种基于SDN的互联网域间路由架构,通过在域间控制器之间交换BGP路由,无需在域内和域间运行BGP协议,极大地简化了网络协议,并能够实现灵活的流量调度和负载均衡。     

战术互联网建模与仿真

战术互联网(TI-TacticalInternet)是移动通信环境下的战术通信网络,是实现战场前沿态势感知(SA-SituationalAwareness)数据和指挥控制(C2-CommandandControl)数据传输的主要通道,也是战术通信的骨干网络。在简单介绍美军战术互联网系统功能与构成的基础上,重点剖析了战术互联网系统建模与仿真的多种设计方案与实现技术,最后,针对我军未来战术通信系统的仿真研究和应用问题,提出了几点思考和建议。     

Resilience for IP-over-DWDM backbone networks

Given the extensive growth in Internet traffic and increasing emphasis on service quality, one of the most crucial elements of IP backbone network design is to provide resilience to serious failures such as fibre-optic cable breaks. In previous years, the unit of bandwidth granularity for many IP backbone networks has grown from STM-1 (155 Mbit/s) through to STM-16 (2.4 Gbit/s), with STM-64 (10 Gbit/s) backbone circuits becoming prevalent. The increased concentration of traffic makes the IP backbone extremely vulnerable to failure, meaning a key challenge is to engineer embedded resilience into the network. This paper considers such issues and discusses various trade-offs associated with different levels of protection in an IP backbone network     

Analysis and modeling of Internet backbone traffic with 5G/B5G

The effects that the 5th generation mobile network (5G) bring to Internet backbone were investigated qualitatively and quantitatively.First,the challenges that the characteristics of 5G,i.e.ultra-high data rate,ultra-low latency,and ultra-large number of connections,introduce to Internet backbone in terms of traffic,latency,and security were analyzed.Second,a model was proposed to capture the characteristics of 5G users and Internet traffic with the coordination of 5G,edge computing,and cloud computing.Then,numerical simulations were used to evaluate the model.The QoS requirements that Internet backbone faces under different extent of 5G deployment were evaluated.According to the study,increment of backbone traffic,increment of the ratio of propagation delay,and movement of bandwidth bottleneck are predicted after 5G/B5G deployment.     

Interprovider differentiated service interconnection management models in the Internet bandwidth commodity markets

Due to the recent evolution of telecommunications infrastructure and the Internet as a commodity market for bandwidth, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) encounter new issues concerned with bandwidth management for the network interconnection. Bandwidth commodity exchange is considered a new B2B (Business-to-Business) electronic commerce application that brings new market opportunities to carriers and service providers for managing their bandwidth resources. This paper develops market-based bandwidth management optimization models for Differentiated Service (DiffServ) QoS (Quality of Service) networks using an implementation of the bandwidth management agent, BMP (Bandwidth Management Point). We use network economic models to formulate an optimization problem for the interconnection and resource allocation policy of the DiffServ network. We formulate and develop those economic models as optimization problems of LP, NLP, MILP and mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP), and discuss the pricing mechanisms and available solution approaches for the implementation of the BMP's resource optimization process. Different opportunity costs are estimated based on the results of a network simulation using traffic flow statistics measured from a recent Internet backbone. We then numerically simulate the behavior of backbone network ISPs to optimize their profits for various demand scenarios.     

Assessing the quality of voice communications over Internet backbones

As the Internet evolves into a ubiquitous communication infrastructure and provides various services including telephony, it will be expected to meet the quality standards achieved in the public switched telephone network. Our objective in this paper is to assess to what extent today's Internet meets this expectation. Our assessment is based on delay and loss measurements taken over wide-area backbone networks and uses subjective voice quality measures capturing the various impairments incurred. First, we compile the results of various studies into a single model for assessing the voice-over-IP (VoIP) quality. Then, we identify different types of typical Internet paths and study their VoIP performance. For each type of path, we identify those characteristics that affect the VoIP perceived quality. Such characteristics include the network loss and the delay variability that should be appropriately handled by the playout scheduling at the receiver. Our findings indicate that although voice services can be adequately provided by some ISPs, a significant number of Internet backbone paths lead to poor performance.     

On optical burst switching and self-similar traffic

In this letter we consider burst switching for very high speed routing in the next generation Internet backbone. In this scenario, Internet protocol (IP) packets to a given destination are collected in bursts at the network edges. We propose a burst assembly mechanism that can reduce the traffic autocorrelation or degree of self-similarity, and at the same time keep the delay due to burst formation limited at the network edges